Similaridade na composição de espécies no espaço das coletas de imaturos dos Calliphoridae (Diptera, Brachycera) colonizadores de modelos natimortos de Sus scrofa L. (Suidae), em dois ambientes distintos, no Acre, Brasil

Resumo. A ecologia da decomposição de cadáveres não havia ainda sido estudada no Estado do Acre. Este estudo foi realizado em dois ambientes, Floresta e Pasto, entre 21 de dezembro de 2016 e 03 de março de 2017, e usou oito indivíduos de Sus scrofa L. natimortos como iscas para os imaturos de Calliphoridae colonizadores. Foram observados cinco estágios de decomposição (fresco, inchado, decomposição ativa, decomposição avançada e restos) em todas as carcaças. Foram identificadas, na Mata, Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann), Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius), Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Rondani) e Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann); e, no Pasto, Ch. albiceps, Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius), H. segmentaria e L. eximia. H. segmentaria foi presente em todo o processo de decomposição no ambiente de Mata. Ch. albiceps e L. eximia foram presentes em todo o processo de decomposição no ambiente de Pasto. No Estado do Acre, as pesquisas em ecologia da decomposição se iniciam com este estudo, o qual demonstrou estar presentes na região, pelo menos, algumas espécies amplamente distribuídas no Brasil, com poucas diferenças entre ambientes. Similarity in the species composition in the space of immature collections of Calliphoridae (Diptera, Brachycera) colonizers of stillborn models of Sus scrofa L. (Suidae), in two distinct environments, in Acre, Brazil Abstract. The ecology of corpse decomposition (carrion ecology) had never before been studied at State of Acre. This study was carried out within two different environments, Forest and Pasture, from December 21th of 2016 to March 03rd of 2017. Eight stillbirth individuals of Sus scrofa L. were observed, intentionally placed as trap to be hosted by Calliphoridae offspring. It was observed in all decomposing carrion, five stages of decomposition (fresh, bloated, active decay, advanced decay and remains). In the Forest were identified Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann), Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius), Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Rondani) and Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann); and in the Pasture Ch. albiceps, Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius), H. segmentaria and L. eximia. H. segmentaria has been present in the whole process of decomposition into the Forest environment. Ch. albiceps and L. eximia were observed all the stages while decomposition has been taken in Pasture. In the State of Acre, research about carrion ecology starts from this study beginning, which has demonstrated being present at this region, at least, some species widely distributed in Brazil, with few differences observed between the two studied environments

Stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Meliponini) feeding on stinkhorns spores (Fungi, Phallles): robbery or dispersal?

Records about stingless bee-fungi interaction are very rare. In Brazilian Amazonia, workers of Trigona crassipes (Fabricius, 1793) and Trigona fulviventris Guérin, 1835 visiting two stinkhorn species, Dictyophora sp. and Phallus sp., respectively, were observed. The workers licked the fungi gleba, a mucilaginous mass of spores covering the pileum. Neither gleba residue nor spores were found on the body surface of these bee workers. These observations indicate that these bee species include spores as a complement in their diet. On the other hand, they also suggest that these stingless bees can, at times, facilitale spore dispersal, in case intact spores are eliminated with the feces

Checklist of orchid bees (hymenoptera: Apidae) of "Lago do Silêncio" area, Boca do Acre, Amazonas, Brazil

This study presents a list of euglossine-bee species collected in the Lago do Silêncio region, municipality of Boca do Acre, in the Brazilian state of Amazonas, southwestern Amazonia. Euglossine males were attracted to odoriferous baits on December 3 and 4, 2004. A total of 234 individuals belonging to four genera and 25 species were collected. Despite the small sampling effort, the local euglossine fauna is abundant and rich, when compared to those of other areas in the Brazilian Amazonia where higher sampling efforts were performed. Therefore, further studies in the region can be important for improving our knowledge of the bees in the Amazon region. © 2011 Check List and Authors

Fauna of euglossina (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from southwestern Amazonia, Acre, Brazil

Male orchid bees were collected between December 2005 and September 2006 in 11 forest areas of different sizes in the region of Rio Branco, Acre, Southwestern Amazonia, Brazil. The bees were attracted by 6 aromatic compounds and collected by insect nets and scent baited traps. A total of 3,675 males of Euglossina in 4 genera and 36 species were collected. Eulaema cingulata (Fabricius) was the most common (24.6%), followed by Eulaema meriana (Olivier) (14.6%), Euglossa amazonica Dressler (10.5%), Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier (10.5%) and Eulaema pseudocingulata (Oliveira) (7.2%). Cineole was the scent that attracted the greatest number of individuals (23.8%) and methyl salicylate the greatest number of species (28) for both methods of sampling. Thirty one bees of 9 species with pollinar orchid attached to their bodies were collected. The accumulative number of species stabilized after the 48th collection. Few species were abundant; the great majority were represented by less than 50 bees. The lack of standardized sample protocols limited very much the conclusions derived from comparisons among the majority of studies on Euglossina assemblages. However, the results presented here suggest that the State of Acre is very rich in those bees compared to other regions.Machos de abelhas Euglossina foram coletados entre dezembro de 2005 e setembro de 2006 em 11 áreas florestais de diferentes tamanhos na região de Rio Branco, Acre, Amazônia Sul-Ocidental. As abelhas foram atraídas por 6 substâncias odoríferas e coletadas com rede entomológica e armadilhas. Um total de 3.675 machos de Euglossina pertencentes a 4 gêneros e 36 espécies foi coletado. Eulaema cingulata (Fabricius) foi a espécie mais comum (24,6%), seguida por Eulaema meriana (Olivier) (14,6%), Euglossa amazonica Dressler (10,5%), Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier (10,5%) e Eulaema pseudocingulata (Oliveira) (7,2%). Cineol foi a substância que atraiu maior número de indivíduos (23,8%) e metil salicilato o maior número de espécies (28) para ambos os métodos de coleta. Foram coletados 31 indivíduos pertencentes a 9 espécies portando polinários. O número acumulado de espécies coletadas na região estabilizou a partir da 48ª coleta. Poucas espécies foram abundantes, a maioria representada por menos que 50 indivíduos. A falta de um protocolo amostral padronizado tem limitado comparações entre trabalhos realizados em diferentes regiões. Contudo, os resultados aqui apresentados indicam que o Acre apresenta elevada riqueza dessas abelhas

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost