Pertumbuhan Misellium Bibit F1 Jamur Tiram (Pleurotus Ostreatus) Dan Jamur Merang (Volvariella Volvaceae) Pada Media Kacang Hijau Dan Kedelai Hitam Dari Bibit F0 Media Biji Nangka

F1 seedlings are derivatives of a pure F0 culture grown on a medium that typically contains proteins. Generally using grains. Green beans and black soybeans contain (protein, carbohydrate, fat) that can be used as F1 breeding innovation medium and growth of oyster mushroom mushroom. The purpose of this study to determine thegrowth of mycelium seeds F1 oyster mushrooms and mushrooms on the medium of green beans and black soybeans. The most optimal green bean seed medium on mycelium growth. The type of research used in the from of experiments with complete randomized design (RAL) design of factorial patterns implemented in 2 repetitions. Factor 1 green beans : on oyster mushrooms (M1J1), on mushroom (M1J2). Factor 2 black soybeans : on on oyster mushrooms (M2J1), on mushroom (M2J2). Parameters measured were density, thickness, speed of oyster mushroom and mushroom. Technical analysis using quantitative descriptive data. Based on the results obtained on the growth of the mycelium of F1 mushroom and oyster mushroom highest in green bean mediumis 7,5 cm/day, the density is very thick, the nutrient content affecting the growth of mycelium while the growth of the mycelium of F1 mushroom oyster mushroom and mushroom lowest on black soybean medium that is 3,3 cm/day, dencity meeting, thicknees grow not mediu

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Anak yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana (Studi Kasus Polres Wonogiri)

This research was conducted to find out the form of legal protection given to children who commit criminal acts. Form of the protection law which give to kids that do a criminal act is diversion.Diversion is a system that provides better opportunities for perpetrators of crimes committed by children for the first time to carry out their actions.The diversion be prevail to kids who had the age from 12 to a nearly 18 years old, or 12 years old and had been married but nearly 18th years old who guess doing a criminal act. Diversion who held in a criminal act things can threatened with imprisonment for 7 years an thats not a repetition, criminal act. The implementation of diversion in the court is regulated in PERMA Number 4 of 2014 concerning Guidelines for Implementing Diversity in the Child Criminal Justice Syste

Pola Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi Pada Penderita Hipertensi Rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Katolik Santo Vincentius a Paulo Surabaya Selama Periode Bulan Juli Sampai Desember 2001

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pola penggunaan obat antihipertensi pada penderita hipertensi di Rumah Sakit Vincentius a Paulo Surabaya. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap rekam maedis penderita hipertensi selama periode Juli 2001 sampai dengan Desember 2001.Jumlah status penderita hipertensi selama tahun 2001 ada sebanyak 527 kasus. Untuk penelitian ini diambil 150 kasus secara acak dari 288 kasus selama periode Juli sampai dengan Desember 2001. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut, kelompok umur yang paling banyak menderita hipertensi adalah kelompok lansia, yaitu sebanyak 56%. Kemudian diikuti oleh kelompok dewasa dengan yaitu sebanyak 44,00%. Jenis terapi antihipertensi terbanyak adalah terapi antihipertensi tunggal, yaitu sebanyak 65,49% sedangkan terapi antihipertensi majemuk sebanyak 34,51% Golongan antihipertensi terbanyak yang digunakan untuk terapi penderita hipenensi adalah golongan antagonis Kalsium, yaitu sebanyak 49,10%. Golongan antihipenensi majemuk terbanyak yang digunakan untuk terapi penderita hipenensi adalah kombinasi dari ACF (Angiotensin Converting Enzym) inhibitor dan antagonis Kalsium, yaitu sebanyak 20,51%. Kombinasi antihipertensi yang diberikan dokter kepada pasien banyak sekali macamnya, karena kombinasi yang diberikan dokter tersebut didasarkan pada penyakit penyertanya

A Model of Integrated Community-Based Bamboo Management for the Bamboo Industry in Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

The potentials of bamboo resources owned by the community in Ngada Regency has not been managed and appropriately utilized. There were no integrated programs between the on-farm and off-farm sectors and no clear roles and responsibilities among the stakeholders involved. Soft System Methodology (SSM) framework approach was carried out through stakeholder analysis, CATWOE analysis, and gap analysis. The root definition of the current situation was that the model of sustainable community bamboo management and utilization (W) is responsible to the local and central government as well as the bamboo manufacturing industry as off-taker (O) with integrated supporting programs and regulations, ensuring the potential of bamboo resources and the bamboo product market (E) which was carried out together with stakeholders (A) through active participation and synergy programs (T) to improve the welfare of the community of bamboo owners, craftsmen, and bamboo entrepreneurs (C). The study produces a suitable and appropriate strategy based on the corrective actions of existing problems and recommendations formulated from conceptual models and existing actual conditions on integrated sustainable bamboo management

THE EFFECT OF LAND USE HISTORY ON NATURAL FOREST REHABILITATION AT CORRIDOR AREA OF GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK NATIONAL PARK, WEST JAVA INDONESIA

Corridor area of Gunung Halimun Salak National Park was degraded and fragmented by human activities. However, little is known about recovery process in tropical degraded forest under different land use history. To clarifyvegetation structure and forest recovery related to land use history we placed 22 plots (11 of 10 x 10 m2 in abandoned plantation and 11 of 20 x 20 m2 in secondary forest, respectively). DCA (Detrended correspondence analysis) discriminated the plots into three community groups. Swieteniamacrophylla –Agathisdammaa community in abandoned plantation where had a land use history of clear felling.Maesopsiseminii–Cyathea spp. community had a history of severe human disturbance. Fagaceae-Schimawallichii was in less disturbed forest. Below the plantation canopy, light tolerant species, weeds, grasses, and fern of Dicranopteris linearis were dominant. Some exotic plants spread to the disturbed forest. The less disturbed forest in distant area from village remained in good condition as indicated by dominancy of old forest species. For the forest rehabilitation in severely degraded area, human intervention by planting native species can be suggested to avoid invasive species occupancy as well as accelerate forest recovery

Variations in the Compositions of Soil Bacterial and Fungal Communities Due to Microhabitat Effects Induced by Simulated Nitrogen Deposition of a Bamboo Forest in Wetland

Although numerous studies have been published on nitrogen (N) deposition, little is known about its impact on microbial communities in wetland forests. Here, we used simulated nitrogen deposition (SND) to analyze the importance of differences in soil microhabitats in promoting the diversity of soil bacteria and fungi. We compared various levels of SND (control (CK), low N (N30), medium N (N60), and high N (N90)) and found that these were associated with changes in soil microhabitats. Additionally, SND affected soil pH, clay and sand content of the soil, and specific surface area (SSA). Bacteria and fungi responded differently to increased SND levels. The alpha diversity of bacteria decreased with an increased SND level, while fungal abundance, diversity, and community evenness reached their maximum values at the N60 threshold. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA), nonparametric multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) coupled with effect size measurements (LefSe) also confirmed that the bacterial composition was different at N90 compared to other levels of SND while that of fungi was different at N60. A higher discriminant level (LDA score ≥4) may be a valuable index of selecting indicator microbial clades sensitive to SND for wetland management. Further, an increased pH was associated with a greater abundance of bacteria and fungi. In addition, the volume contents of clay and SSA were negatively correlated with bacteria but fungi are associated with soil specific gravity (SSG). Overall, in a neutral soil pH environment, pH fluctuation is the main influencing factor in terms of bacterial and fungal abundance and diversity. The diversity of fungi is more dependent on the type and relative content of solid phase components in soil than that of bacteria, implying the presence of species-specific niches for bacteria and fungi. These results demonstrate that changes in SND can induce short-term microbial and microhabitat changes