PENGARUH PROMOSI KESEHATAN DENGAN MEDIA POSTER TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG KANKER PAYUDARA

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2013 in Depkes RI (2015), the incidence of cancer in the year 2008 to 2012 has increased from 12.7 million cases increased to 14.2 million cases. The purpose of this study is to determine the Influence of Health Promotion By method of posters against the knowledge of mothers about breast cancer. The method in this research is queasy experimental with pre-test and post-test group design. This study was conducted in Environment II the Village of Tanjung Gusta Medan which was held in June 2019. The population of the study was 322 people, the sampling technique using random sampling with the solving formula. Methods collection data in this research use the primary data i.e. the pre-test and post-test. Data analysis was used in univariate and bivariate with the Chi-Square test. The results of this study indicate the pre-test some mothers are knowledgeable both as much as 4 people (17.4%), and post-test as many as 15 people (65.2%), knowledgeable enough at the time of the pre-test as many as 18 people (78.3%), and post-test as many as 6 people (26.1%), and less knowledgeable at the time of the pre-test as many as 1 person (4.3%), post-test as much as 2 people(8.7%). Based on this research concluded that a good knowledgeable in knowing the definition of breast cancer, the factors that cause breast cancer, how to prevent breast cancer, and how to perform a breast cancer screenin

PERBANDINGAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BENGKUANG (PACHYRIZUS AROSUS) DAN DAUN SIRIH HIJAU (PIPER BETLE L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES

Propionibacterium acnes is a gram-positive bacteria and consists of the Propionibacteriaceae family. Propionibacterium acnes is a bacteria that causes acne or acne vulgaris, a disease that is quite disturbing and gets the attention that occurs in adolescents and young adults. This research aimed to compare and determine the effectiveness of the extract of yam (Pachyrizus arosus) and green betel leaf (Piper betle L.) in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. The research variables were concentrations of yam extract (Pachyrizus arosus) 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and green betel leaf (Piper betle L.) 1,5%, 3%, 5%, 7,5%. The results showed that there was an inhibiting zone against the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria

PENGGUNAAN DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Piper crocatum) DAN SIRIH HIJAU (Piper betle) SEBAGAI PENYERAP ION Pb(II) DALAM LARUTAN DAN ANTIDOT PADA ORGAN HATI TIKUS

Daun sirih merah dan daun sirih hijau telah digunakan untuk proses biosorpsi ion logam Pb (II) dengan metode perendaman. Data penelitian menunjukkan kapasitas serapan optimum tercapai pada pH 4, konsentrasi inisial 1.800 mg/L, dosis adsorben 0,1 g, waktu kontak 120 menit (sirih merah) dan 15 menit (sirih hijau). Gambar SEM menunjukkan perubahan signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah adsorpsi Pb (II) yang terlihat pada permukaan biosorben. Analisis FTIR mengindikasikan adanya beberapa gugus fungsi aktif yang terlibat dalam serapan ion Pb (II) seperti; hidroksil (-OH), amina primer (-NH) and karbonil (-C=O). Analisa serapan dari kedua jenis biosorben yang digunakan sesuai dengan model isoterm langmuir berdasarkan nilai R = 0.9576 (sirih merah) dan R = 0.9959 (sirih hijau). Tikus percobaan diinjeksi dengan larutan Pb (II) 1000 mg/L, 1 mL/200g bb, setelah 5 jam ditemukan akumulasi logam Pb (II) di paru-paru (0,0734 mg/g), hati (0,04081 mg/g), jantung (0,02951 mg/g), ginjal (0,0199 mg/g), limfa (0,01487 mg/g), sistem reproduksi (0,00689 mg/g) dan otak (0,00128 mg/g). Setelah 7 hari pemberian antidot berupa ekstrak daun sirih merah 5 mL/200g bb, ditemukan penurunan nilai MDA, Ureum, Kreatinin, SGOT dan SGPT dari serum tikus percobaan. Data histologi juga mengindikasikan kemampuan antidot dari daun sirih merah berupa efek profilaksis dalam melindungi sel hati dari kerusakan akibat paparan Pb (II). Keywords: Biosorpsi, Pb (II), daun sirih merah, antidot

GAMBARAN DIAGNOSTIK DAN PENATALAKSANAAN PASIEN OSTEOARTRITIS DI RUMAH SAKIT ROYAL PRIMA MEDAN TAHUN 2015

Latar belakang: Osteoarthritis adalah penyakit sendi yang paling umum. Berdasarkan studi WHO tahun 2004, OA diketahui mempengaruhi 151 juta orang di seluruh dunia, mencapai 24 juta di Asia Tenggara. Jumlah ini meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Umur, jenis kelamin, obesitas, pekerjaan dan aktivitas fisik kerap dikaitkan sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya osteoartritis.Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran diagnostik dan penatalaksanaan pasien osteoartritis di RS Royal Prima Medan tahun 2015. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat retrospektif dan deskriptif dengan desain studi kasus. Populasi data rekam medis pasien osteoartritis tahun 2015 dengan sampel sebanyak 100 data yang diambil dengan purposive, yaitu menggunakan data lengkap. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini, kelompok umur tertinggi yang mengalami osteoartritis adalah kelompok umur 66-71 tahun sebanyak 26 orang (26%) dan paling sedikit pada kelompok umur 84-89 tahun sebanyak 1 orang (1%). Jenis kelamin terbanyak yaitu perempuan sebanyak 72 orang (72%). Lokasi sendi yang paling banyak terkena yaitu OA lutut sebanyak 71 orang (71%). Keluhan utama yaitu nyeri sendi 100%. Keluhan tambahan terbanyak adalah kaku sendi 78%. Pemeriksaan penunjang yang dilakukan adalah pemeriksaan radiologi 100%. Untuk penatalaksanaan, dokter memberikan kombinasi beberapa golongan obat. Kombinasi golongan obat yang paling banyak diberikan yaitu golongan obat OAINS + Chondrotive agent sebanyak 57 orang (57%)

The protective effect of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. extract against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Recently many researches have been carried out on Malacca fruit extract and its potential protective effect on in vivo organ toxicity. However, there is still no research on the protective effect of Malacca (Phyllanthus emblica L.) fruit extract on induced hepatotoxicity of anticancer drugs, especially doxorubicin in rats. The objective of this study is to determine the potential protective effect of ethanol extract of Malacca fruit (P. emblica L.) against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. A preliminary phytochemical test was done followed by administration extract into doxorubicin-induced rats. Histological studies were carried out to observe the effect of the extract on liver tissue. Phytochemical test results show that the ethanol extract of Malacca fruit contains flavonoids, phenols, tannins, triterpenoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The increasing value of ALT and ALP of doxorubicin-induced liver tissue proved the toxicity in liver tissue caused by doxorubicin. The ethanol extract of P. emblica L. at dosage 200 mg/kg BW and dosage 400 mg/kg BW on doxorubicin-induced rats were successfully played as an antioxidant to decrease the ALT and ALPvalues and improve liver tissue doxorubicin-induced by normal hepatocytes more dominant than lysis and less mark of bleeding and congestion of blood vessels

Buku Ajar Dasar Epidemiologi

Buku ini merupakan buku ajar untuk mata kuliah Dasar Epidemiologi, ditulisoleh kolaborasi beberapa penulis yang sudah cukup bepengalaman dibidang kesehatanmasyarakat. Buku ini menyajikan dan membahas bagaimana sejarah epidemiologi,teori epidemiologi, jenis epidemiologi, penyebab penyakit sampai dengan carapencegahanya. Penulis berharap dengan adanya buku ajar ini dapat mempermudahmahasiswa/i untuk lebih mudah memahami tentang dasar epidemiologi dalamkesehatan masyarakat. Buku ini ditulis dan disusun dari berbagai refrensi baik mediacetak, media elektronik dan online. Penyajian materi juga lebih singkat dan sederhana,dikombinasikan dengan penggunaan desain-desain gambar, flow-chart, dll, sehinggadiharapkan dapat lebih memudahkan pembaca dalam memahami materi yang disajikan. Semoga bermanfaat

Effectiveness Test of Robusta Coffee (Coffea cenephora) Extract from North Sumatra in Collagen and Hydration Skin Level of Female Wistar Rattus norvegicus

Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) is one of the Indonesian plants that have antioxidant compounds that can be used as cosmetic ingredients. The antiaging effect of the coffee extract can overcome the photoaging problem. The purpose of this study is to see the anti-aging effects of robusta coffee bean extract based on concentration variations of the female white rats. The study was conducted in a laboratory with pre and post control group design, from February to March 2019. 30 female white rats were divided into 5 groups and were sunbathed for 5 days, then were shaved 2x2 cm wide on the back and were given Robusta coffee bean extract cream 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and control. Applying cream twice a day for 4 weeks and changes were measured every 1 week for 4 weeks with a skin analyzer. The results were tested for the normality with the Shapiro-Wilk test and Levene's test. Then followed by Anova Repeated, Pearson Correlation and Multiple Linear Regression test. Data analysis was using SPSS 21.0. There were the highest increased of collagen and hydration levels with Coffea canephora 10% extract given, and variable concentrations and duration of administration have a positive effect. The highest increased of collagen level was in the Coffea canephora 10% extract with an average 91.3% and hydration level amounted to 86.09%

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIFUNGAL EKSTRAK KULIT PISANG BARANGAN (MUSA ACUMINATA COLLA.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR PITYROSPORUM OVALE

Clean and Healthy Lifestyle is essential to be endeavored by society for preventing variety of infectious diseases which one of the most common is dandruff or seborrhea sicca that caused by the growth of Pityrosporum ovale fungi. This research is indicated to provide a better alternative option using ingredient given by nature that can treat dandruff. This research using banana peel extract since it is an original fruit from North Sumatra. The result from phytochemical screening of the banana peel extract shows secondary metabolites which are saponin, tannin, steroid/tritepenoida, flavonoid and glycosides. To produce barangan banana peel extract is by maseration method. Antifungal activity test using barangan banana peel extract towards Pityrosporum ovale is done by disc diffusion method. The antifungal activity test shows the biggest result for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) extraction concentration at 1000 mg/ml with the average diameter of 11,9 mm. According to the inhibitory scale of antifungal activity test of barangan banana peel extract towards the growth of Pityrosporum ovale is ineffective

Effectiveness Test of Centella Asiatica Extract on Improvement of Collagen and Hydration in Female White Rat (Rattus Norwegicus Wistar)

Gotu Cola (Centella asiatica) is one of the plants used as a skin care product because it contains triterpenoid, asiaticosida, madekakosida, flavonoids, which have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties and prevent premature aging. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Centella asiatica extracts against increased levels of collagen and hydration in the skin of female white rats. This study is a non-experimental and experimental study, using a pre-test design post-test control group design. Non-experimental studies include the determination of gotu kola plants, extraction and manufacture of anti-aging cream preparations using gotu kola extract with concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Experimental studies include testing anti-aging activities. Data were analyzed by linear regression analysis. The results showed that the cream extract of C. asiatica 10% showed the highest increase in collagen levels by an average of 77.89% and an average hydration of 81.58%. Cream Centella asiatica 2.5% cream showed the lowest increase in collagen levels by an average of 21.12% and an average hydration of 39.40%. Concentration and time had a positive effect on collagen levels and hydration of female white rats. Conclusion: The administration of gotu kola herb extract cream increased the average collagen levels and skin hydration compared with controls. C. asiatica extract can be used as an alternative anti-aging agent in the science of dermato-cosmetology. Further research needs to be done using different measuring devices and also different parameters

Analisa Aktivitas Antibakteri dari Ekstrak Metanol Buah Andaliman terhadap Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Secara In Vitro

Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) tergolong rempah-rempah dengan ciri khas tersendiri, terutama tumbuh di Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini diklasifikasikan sebagai penelitian eksperimental dengan menerapkan desain kelompok kontrol post-test-only in vitro. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efek antibakteri ekstrak metanol buah Andaliman terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol buah andaliman tidak hanya disebabkan oleh senyawa aktif yang dikandungnya, tetapi dapat juga disebabkan oleh jenis bakterinya. Pseudomonas aeruginosa merupakan bakteri gram negatif yang lebih resisten terhadap senyawa antimikroba