A reference interval study for common biochemical analytes in Eastern Turkey: a comparison of a reference population with laboratory data mining.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to define the reference intervals (RIs) in a Turkish population living in Northeast Turkey (Erzurum) for 34 analytes using direct and indirect methods. In the present study, the regional RIs obtained were compared with other RI studies, primarily the nationwide study performed in Turkey. Materials and methods: For the direct method, 435 blood samples were collected from a healthy group of females (N = 218) and males (N = 217) aged between 18 and 65 years. The sera were analysed in Ataturk University hospital laboratory using Roche reagents and analysers for 34 analytes. The data from 1,366,948 records were used to calculate the indirect RIs using a modified Bhattacharya method. Results: Significant gender-related differences were observed for 17 analytes. There were also some apparent differences between RIs derived from indirect and direct methods particularly in some analytes (e.g. gamma-glutamyltransferase, creatine kinase, LDL-cholesterol and iron). The RIs derived with the direct method for some, but not all, of the analytes were generally comparable with the RIs reported in the nationwide study and other previous studies in Turkey.There were large differences between RIs derived by the direct method and the expected values shown in the kit insert (e.g. aspartate aminotransferase, total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and vitamin B12). Conclusions: These data provide region-specific RIs for 34 analytes determined by the direct and indirect methods. The observed differences in RIs between previous studies could be related to nutritional status and environmental factors

Effect of mirtazapine on gastric oxidative stress and DNA injury created with methotrexate in rats

In this study, effect of mirtazapine on gastric oxidative stress and DNA injury created with methotrexate was investigated. Experimental results showed that GSH (nmol/g protein), MDA (?mol/g protein) and MPO (?/g protein) in the gastric tissue of the control group rats receiving methotrexate are 4.97 ± 0.37, 2.78 ± 0.30 and 3.12 ± 0.18, respectively. GSH, MDA and MPO measurements in the gastric tissue of rats receiving mirtazapine + methotrexate were detected to be 9.23 ± 0.51(p < 0.0001), 1.80 ± 0.31(p < 0.0001) and 1.63 ± 0.25 (p < 0.0001), respectively. GSH, MDA and MPO values in the intact rat group were found 8 ± 0.38 (p < 0,0001), 1.63 ± 0.28 (p < 0.0001) and 1.37 ± 0.21 (p < 0.0001), respectively. In addition, while 8-ohdG/dG quantity that DNA injury product in the control group administered methotrexate was 2.4 ± 0.11 pmol/L, this quantity was 1.3 ± 0.14 pmol/L (p < 0.001), 1.1 ± 0.10 pmol/L (p < 0.001) in mirtazapine and intact group, respectively. As a result, it was seen that mirtazapine prevents increase of oxidative stress and DNA injury created with methotreaxete in the gastric tissue of rat

Evaluation of the analytical performances of Cobas 6500 and Sysmex UN series automated urinalysis systems with manual microscopic particle counting

Introduction: Automated urinalysis systems are valuable tools in clinical laboratories, especially those with a high work load. The objective of this study was to compare the analytical performance of Sysmex UN series urine analyser, which may become a new one in our laboratory, with the Cobas 6500 automated urine analyser, which is used in our laboratory for a long time. For comparisons, manual microscopical examination was accepted as reference method. Materials and methods: A total of 470 urine samples were tested in the two automated urinalysis systems, and urine sediment testing with manual microscopy was applied to a 100 pathological samples of the total 470. The diagnostic performance of the two automated urine analysers was compared with each other and manual microscopy. Results: Differences were determined between automated and manual microscopy in some pathological samples. The resultant regression equations were as follows. Comparison of Cobas U701 with Sysmex UF-5000: y = - 0.57 (- 0.85 to - 0.29) + 0.95 (0.92 to 0.99) x for RBC, and y = - 0.11 (- 0.54 to 0.29) + 0.89 (0.84 to 0.98) x for WBC; comparison of Cobas U701 with manual microscopy: y = - 0.45 (- 0.85 to 0.21) + 1.00 (0.92 to 1.07) x for WBC; and comparison of Sysmex UF-5000 with manual microscopy: y = - 0.74 (- 1.09 to - 0.57) + 0.87 (0.85 to 0.91) x for WBC. Conclusions: We can conclude that the new Sysmex UN series urine analyser can be safely used in our laboratory. Although the results showed good to moderate concordance, the microscopy results of the automated platforms should be confirmed by manual microscopy, particularly in pathological samples

Comparative review of biochemistry and cell anatomy of the hepatic tissue in rats administered some anti hypertensive drug for a long time

The adverse biochemical and structural effects of antihypertensive drugs over a long period (clonidine, methyldopa, rilmenidine, amlodipine, ramipril) on hepatic tissue has been examined in this study. The results are considered to be beneficial for the identification of indications and contraindications in hypertensive patients. Severe bile duct proliferation, portal inflammation, interface hepatitis, focal necrosis and hepatocyte degeneration were demonstrated in the clonidine and amlodipine groups, which had higher oxidant parameters, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine amino transferase and lactate dehydrogenase activity and a higher amount of 8-OH Gua. In the group receiving rilmenidine, all the histopathological findings were the same as those in the clonidine and amlodipine groups, except for bile duct proliferation and interface hepatitis. On histopathological examination of the cell anatomy, it was shown that methyldopa and ramipril caused mild liver damage. While clonidine and amlodipine gave rise to severe liver damage, rilmenidine caused moderate damage, and methyldopa and ramipril led to mild loss of liver function.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

A nationwide multicentre study in Turkey for establishing reference intervals of haematological parameters with novel use of a panel of whole blood

IntroductionA nationwide multicentre study was conducted to establish well-defined reference intervals (RIs) of haematological parameters for the Turkish population in consideration of sources of variation in reference values (RVs). Materials and methodsK2-EDTA whole blood samples (total of 3363) were collected from 12 laboratories. Sera were also collected for measurements of iron, UIBC, TIBC, and ferritin for use in the latent abnormal values exclusion (LAVE) method. The blood samples were analysed within 2 hours in each laboratory using Cell Dyn and Ruby (Abbott), LH780 (Beckman Coulter), or XT-2000i (Sysmex). A panel of freshly prepared blood from 40 healthy volunteers was measured in common to assess any analyser-dependent bias in the measurements. The SD ratio (SDR) based on ANOVA was used to judge the need for partitioning RVs. RIs were computed by the parametric method with/without applying the LAVE method. ResultsAnalyser-dependent bias was found for basophils (Bas), MCHC, RDW and MPV from the panel test results and thus those RIs were derived for each manufacturer. RIs were determined from all volunteers’ results for WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, MCV, MCH and platelets. Gender-specific RIs were required for RBC, haemoglobin, haematocrit, iron, UIBC and ferritin. Region-specific RIs were required for RBC, haemoglobin, haematocrit, UIBC, and TIBC. ConclusionsWith the novel use of a freshly prepared blood panel, manufacturer-specific RIs’ were derived for Bas, Bas%, MCHC, RDW and MPV. Regional differences in RIs were observed among the 7 regions of Turkey, which may be attributed to nutritional or environmental factors, including altitude

Effect of Metformin or Gliclazide on Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Levels in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

WOS: 000262928800007Aim: The association between oxidative stress and diabetic complications is well known. The main goal of antidiabetic therapy is to prevent the complications of diabetes. Gliclazide (sulfonylurea) and metformin (biguanide) are two oral antidiabetic drugs that have been proven to prevent diabetic complications. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antioxidant effects of gliclazide or metformin. Materials and Methods: In this study. we evaluated 46 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patients were divided into three groups according to their treatment modality of gliclazide, metformin, or diet. Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (Gpx). glutathione S-transferase (GST), and catalase (CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels of the patients were measured and compared. Results: The erythrocyte Gpx, GST, and CAT activities were significantly higher, whereas MDA levels were significantly lower in both gliclazide and metformin groups when compared with the diet group. There was no statistically significant difference between gliclazide and metformin groups in terms of activities of antioxidant enzymes and levels of MDA. In addition, GSH levels were not different among the groups. Conclusions: The data obtained in this study showed that gliclazide or metformin administration may decrease oxidative stress. and both drugs had similar effects

Leukocyte Lipid Peroxidation, Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Activities of Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Retinopathy

Increased oxidative stress might play an important role in the initiation and progression of diabetic complications. The present study has been undertaken to investigate whether there is any relationship between retinopathy degree and leukocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in diabetic individuals with type 2 diabetic retinopathy. Patients were groupped with respect to the degree of retinopathy. Leukocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and SOD and CAT activities were measured in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=41) and nondiabetic healthy controls (n=23). Leukocyte LPO of the type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathy was significantly increased (p < 0.001), whereas SOD and CAT activities were decreased (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) compared to those of controls. MDA concentrations rose while SOD and CAT activities fell with increasing severity of diabetic retinopathy, altough there was no significant difference in comprasion of the parameters mentioned above between the diabetic patients with and without retinopathy. Our results show that leukocytes in patients with type 2 diabetic retinopathy are affected by oxidative stress which might be contribute to pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Prospective studies are needed to evaulate the relationship between the leukocyte antioxidants status and DR

Purification and properties of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase from turkey erythrocytes

62-65Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) was purified from turkey erythrocytes by ammonium sulphate precipitation and followed by ADP Sepharose affinity gel chromatography. The yield was 49.71% and specific activity of the enzyme was found to be 44.16 EU/mg protein. By gel filtration the molecular mass was found to be 75 kDa. The enzyme had an optimum pH at 9.0, and optimum temperature at 50oC. Km and Vmax for NADP+ and glucose 6- phosphate (G6-P) as substrates were also determined and effects of inhibitors such as ATP, NADH and NADPH were examined

May supplementation of coenzyme Q10 help prevent development of hydatidiform mole?

ALP, Hamit Hakan/0000-0002-9202-4944WOS: 000401497300014PubMed: 29949281Objective: The pathological mechanisms of gestational trophoblastic disease have not yet been clearly determined. It is thought that oxidative damage contributes to the process. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), DNA damage, and lipid peroxidation in patients with hydatidiform mole. Materials and Methods: The authors studied the levels of CoQ10, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) by spectrophotometric method in blood obtained from patients with a complete hydatidiform mole (n=29), healthy pregnant women (n=29), and healthy non-pregnant women (n=29). Results: The 8-OHdG/dG ratio (2.8148 +/- 0.81592) and MDA (10.8341 +/- 4.64875 mu mol) were significantly higher in patients with complete hydatidiform mole, while the ubiquinol-10/ubiquinone-10 ratio (0.2107 +/- 0.15675) and GPX activity (43.4606 +/- 18.31694 mU/ml) were lower (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The authors suggest that both mitochondrial oxidative and oxidative DNA damage play important roles in the pathogenesis of complete hydatidiform mole. Therefore supplementation of CoQ10 prevents recurrent gestational trophoblastic disease

The Effects of Short-Term Intensive Exercise on Levels of Liver Enzymes and Serum Lipids in Kick Boxing Athletes

Amaç: Bu çalışmada kick boks sporcularında kısa süreli yoğun egzersizin karaciğer enzimleri ve serum lipit dü- zeylerine olan etkisini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 15-46 yaş arası kick boks sporu ile uğraşan 23 gönüllü sporcu katılmıştır. Sporculara, 40 dakikalık ısınma, açma ve germe hareketleri, 50 dakikalık teknik ve taktik uygulamaları sonrasında 2 dakika süreyle 3 devreden (1 dk. dinlenme) oluşan kick boks müsabaka- sına eşdeğer bir antrenman maçı yaptırıldı. Sporculardan antrenman öncesi ve sonrasında alınan venöz kan ör- neklerinde aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), alanin amino transferaz (ALT), alkalen fosfataz (ALP) ve gama gluta- mil transferaz (GGT) enzim aktiviteleri ve total kolesterol, yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein-kolesterol (HDL-K), düşük dansiteli lipoprotein-kolesterol (LDL-K) ve trigliserit serum düzeyleri Beckman Coulter AU 5800 oto analizöründe spektrofotometrik yöntem ile analiz edildi. Sporcuların vücut kompozisyonu ölçümleri bioimpedans analiz (BİA) sistemi ile çalışan Tanita TBF 300 marka cihaz ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmamız sonucunda egzersiz sonrasında serum AST, ALT, ALP ve GGT enzim aktivitelerinde ve serum total kolesterol, HDL-K ve LDL- K düzeylerinde is- tatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış olduğu, TG seviyelerinde ise anlamlı bir fark oluşmadığı tespit edildi. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak kick boks sporunda antrenman ve müsabakalar esnasında karın bölgesine alınan darbele- rin, karaciğer enzim düzeylerinde yükselmelere neden olduğunu ve egzersize bağlı artan enerji ihtiyacını karşı- lamak için de serum lipit düzeylerinde bir yükselme oldu- ğunu söyleyebilirizObjective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the ef- fects of short-term intensive exercise on liver enzymes and serum lipid levels with kick boxing athletes. Methods: 23 voluntary athletes who were between the ages of 15-46 and who engaged in kickboxing have tak- en place this study. Athletes were made to do 45 minutes of warming-up, breathing, and stretching and 50 minutes of technical and tactical practices and then they were made to do a training match, which is equal to a 2 min- utes 3 circuits (1 minute rest) kick-box match. In venous blood samples which were taken from athletes before and after training, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamine transpeptidase (GGT), enzyme activity and total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides serum levels were analyzed via spectropho- tometric method in Beckman Coulter AU 5800 auto ana- lyzer. Body composition measurements of athletes were made with Tanita TBF 300 brand device, which works with bio-impedance analysis (BIA) system. Results: As a result of our study, statistically increases in serum ALT, AST, ALP and GGT enzyme activities and in serum total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C levels were detected following short-term intensive exercise, but no significant difference was observed in TG levels after in- tensive exercise. Conclusion: The blows to the abdomen during kickbox- ing sports competitions result in increased liver enzymes and increased serum lipids may occur to meet energy de- mand of the body during exercise