A model species for agricultural pest genomics: the genome of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

The Colorado potato beetle is one of the most challenging agricultural pests to manage. It has shown a spectacular ability to adapt to a variety of solanaceaeous plants and variable climates during its global invasion, and, notably, to rapidly evolve insecticide resistance. To examine evidence of rapid evolutionary change, and to understand the genetic basis of herbivory and insecticide resistance, we tested for structural and functional genomic changes relative to other arthropod species using genome sequencing, transcriptomics, and community annotation. Two factors that might facilitate rapid evolutionary change include transposable elements, which comprise at least 17% of the genome and are rapidly evolving compared to other Coleoptera, and high levels of nucleotide diversity in rapidly growing pest populations. Adaptations to plant feeding are evident in gene expansions and differential expression of digestive enzymes in gut tissues, as well as expansions of gustatory receptors for bitter tasting. Surprisingly, the suite of genes involved in insecticide resistance is similar to other beetles. Finally, duplications in the RNAi pathway might explain why Leptinotarsa decemlineata has high sensitivity to dsRNA. The L. decemlineata genome provides opportunities to investigate a broad range of phenotypes and to develop sustainable methods to control this widely successful pest

Abstract P5-22-17: Withdrawn

Abstract This abstract was withdrawn by the authors.</jats:p

Abstract OT2-01-02: A pilot study to evaluate preoperative localization of breast and axillary lesions in neoadjuvant patients 31-365 days prior to surgery

Abstract SCOUT standard of care preoperative localization has been used in over 300 breast cancer patients at our hospital and over 12,000 breast cancer patients in 100 US sites between June 2015-May 2017. The radiologist performs SCOUT localization with Mammography, Ultrasound or CT guidance 0- 30 days prior to surgery. In this study, we will evaluate the performance of SCOUT over longer duration (31 - 365 days) to address the needs of patients who require neoadjuvant treatment prior to definitive surgery. Placement of SCOUT localization prior to treatment response, when the lesion is clearly visualized on imaging, should be more accurate. Successful neoadjuvant treatment, which results in a complete or partial response often renders preoperative image-guided localization by the radiologist a more difficult and less reliable procedure and can result in unintended larger, more disfiguring breast cancer surgery. This pilot study will assess whether placement of the SCOUT prior to neoadjuvant treatment allows for longer-term preoperative localization of breast/axillary lesions. Successful performance with no significant adverse events may prove valuable to future patients who will require fewer and/or less extensive preoperative and surgical procedures. Some value may also be provided to subjects as the targeting before tumor shrinkage is expected to be more accurate. Trial design Radiologists perform SCOUT localization using Mammography, Ultrasound or CT guidance 31 - 365 days preoperatively. Surgeons use the SCOUT system to locate and excise the SCOUT and target tissue. Eligibility criteria The study population consists of 25 - 35 adult surgical patient volunteers who plan to have definitive breast cancer surgery at our hospital after neoadjuvant treatment. Subject Inclusion Criteria · Female patient 18 - 90 years old · Patient is willing and able to comply with all study procedures and follow-up (1 - 13 months) · SCOUT localization is performed before neoadjuvant treatment begins. Subject Exclusion Criteria · Patient is pregnant, has a pacemaker or implantable defibrillators · Patient has known or suspected nickel allergy · Patient is receiving an investigational drug that could potentially confound assessment of adverse device events Statistical methods This pilot study will provide an estimate for the efficacy of the method. Simple statistics will be used to evaluate primary and secondary endpoint data. Primary Endpoint The primary endpoint of this study is successful surgery, defined as a SCOUT localization at the target lesion, which remains in place 31 - 365 days preoperatively, and can successfully be removed with target tissue during surgery. Secondary Endpoints · Number of days prior to surgery (31 - 365) that the SCOUT is placed by the radiologist to localize the target breast / axillary tissue. · Success rate of preoperative SCOUT placement by radiologist and SCOUT stability (within 1 cm of the center of the target tissue) for 31- 365 days. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03015649 Contact information Mary Hayes, MD Present accrual/target accrual: 4/30. Citation Format: Hayes MK, Bloomquist EV, Wright HR. A pilot study to evaluate preoperative localization of breast and axillary lesions in neoadjuvant patients 31-365 days prior to surgery [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-01-02.</jats:p