New White Method of Parameters and Reliability Estimation for Transmuted Power Function Distribution

في هذا البحث تم تقدير معلمات توزيع تحويل دالة القوة (TPF)، ودالة المعولية له من خلال بعض طرائق التقدير وهي مقترح للطريقة وايت،النسب المئينية ، المربعات الصغرى ، المربعات الصغرى الموزونة وطريقة العزوم المطورة. استخدمت المحاكاة في توليد بيانات عشوائية تتبع توزيع (TPF) على ثلاث تجارب (E1, E2, E3) من القيم الحقيقية للمعلمات ، ومع حجم العينة(n=10, 25, 50, 100)  وتكرار العينة (N = 1000)، وأخذت قيم اوقات المعولية (0<t<0) التي من خلالها تم تقدير دالة المعولية لكل حالة من التجارب الثلاثة. تم إجراء مقارنات بين النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها من مقدرات دالة المعولية باستخدام متوسط مربع ​​الخطأ (MSE) وعرضت النتائج في جداول خاصة بها لغرض المقارنة.        In this paper, an estimate has been made for parameters and the reliability function for Transmuted power function (TPF) distribution through using some estimation methods as proposed new technique for white, percentile, least square, weighted least square and modification moment methods. A simulation was used to generate random data that follow the (TPF) distribution on three experiments (E1 , E2 , E3)  of the real values of the parameters, and with sample size (n=10,25,50 and 100) and iteration samples (N=1000), and taking reliability times (0< t < 0) . Comparisons have been made between the obtained results from the estimators using mean square error (MSE). The results showed the percentile estimator is the best in (E1, E2)  but modification moment is the best in (E3) .

Unique growth pattern of human mammary epithelial cells induced by polymeric nanoparticles.

Due to their unique properties, engineered nanoparticles (NPs) have found broad use in industry, technology, and medicine, including as a vehicle for drug delivery. However, the understanding of NPs' interaction with different types of mammalian cells lags significantly behind their increasing adoption in drug delivery. In this study, we show unique responses of human epithelial breast cells when exposed to polymeric Eudragit® RS NPs (ENPs) for 1-3 days. Cells displayed dose-dependent increases in metabolic activity and growth, but lower proliferation rates, than control cells, as evidenced in tetrazolium salt (WST-1) and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assays, respectively. Those effects did not affect cell death or mitochondrial fragmentation. We attribute the increase in metabolic activity and growth of cells culture with ENPs to three factors: (1) high affinity of proteins present in the serum for ENPs, (2) adhesion of ENPs to cells, and (3) activation of proliferation and growth pathways. The proteins and genes responsible for stimulating cell adhesion and growth were identified by mass spectrometry and Microarray analyses. We demonstrate a novel property of ENPs, which act to increase cell metabolic activity and growth and organize epithelial cells in the epithelium as determined by Microarray analysis

High-order harmonic generation by static coherent states method in single-electron atomic and molecular systems

We solve the time-dependent Schrodinger equation using the coherent states as basis sets for computing high harmonic generation (HHG) in a full-dimensional single-electron "realistic" system. We apply the static coherent states (SCS) method to investigate HHG in the hydrogen molecular ion induced by a linearly polarized laser field. We show that SCS gives reasonable agreement compared to the three dimensional unitary split-operator approach. Next, we study isolated attosecond pulse generation in H2+. To do so, we employ the well-known polarization gating technique, which combines two delayed counter-rotating circular laser pulses, and opens up a gate at the central portion of the superposed pulse. Our results suggest that the SCS method can be used for full-dimensional quantum simulation of higher dimensional systems such as the hydrogen molecule in the presence of an external laser field

Expression of β-Catenin, E-Cadherin, and α-Smooth Muscle Actin in Basal Cell Carcinoma Before Photodynamic Therapy in Non-recurrent and Recurrent Tumors: Exploring the Ability of Predicting Photodynamic Therapy outcome

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective and cosmetically beneficial treatment of low-risk basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). To optimize PDT response, it is important to correctly select tumors. We sought to find markers that could identify such tumors beyond contributions from clinical and histological examination. Studies have shown that β-catenin, E-cadherin, and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) expression can indicate BCC aggressiveness/BCC invasiveness. We wanted to use these markers in an explorative study to investigate whether they were differently expressed among non-recurring compared with recurring BCCs, to evaluate their ability of predicting PDT outcome. Fifty-two BCCs were stained with antibodies against β-catenin, E-cadherin, and α-SMA, and evaluated using immunoreactive score (IRS), subcellular localization, and stromal protein expression. Results showed that IRS of E-cadherin was significantly different among recurring compared with non-recurring BCCs and with area under a receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.71 (95% confidence interval: 0.56–0.86, p=0.025). Stromal β-catenin expression significantly increased among recurring BCCs. Some recurring BCCs had intense expression in the deep invading tumor edge. In conclusion, E-cadherin, and stromal and deep edge β-catenin expression were most prominent in BCCs that recurred post-PDT, suggesting they could potentially predict PDT outcome. Further studies are needed to investigate whether these results are of clinical value:publishedVersio

Reliability and Performance Analysis of a Fault Tolerant Data Handling Protocol for Aerospace Applications

Data communication inside the satellite is one of the most important factors in satellite design. For this purpose, a variety of protocols have been developed in recent years. Controller Area Network (CAN) is one of the well-developed protocols to be used in the On-Board Data Handling (OBDH) systems for communication and geosynchronous satellites. Nonetheless, for aerospace applications which demand radiation hardened integrated circuits, a full featured stand-alone Rad-Hard CAN controller is unavailable. HDL (Hardware Description Language) based IP(Intellectual Property) Cores which are widely developed to be implemented on Rad-Hard FPGAs are more attractive. This paper proposes a novel fault tolerant CAN controller based on FPGAs to provide on-board data handling requirements of the communication satellites. We outline some practical topologies and discuss their complexities and reliability. Despite the fact that the most famous methods like TMR (Triple Modular Redundancy), are very common among designers, the reliability analyses show that these methods are unable to tolerate single upsets in routing matrixes. This paper proposes a robust data bus controller based on dual duplex redundancy on FPGAs. The fault injection experiments reveal that the proposed approach represents better performance respective to the conventional hardware redundancy. Furthermore, the experiments show that the capability of tolerating SEU effects by the proposed method is increased up to 7.17 times with respect to a regular design. The proposed architecture imposes 16.26% and 5.2% overhead in the required resources and the operating frequency in comparison to the regular TMR method

Delirium in Hospitalized Elderly Patients and Post-Discharge Mortality

OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of delirium on post-discharge mortality in hospitalized older patients. INTRODUCTION: Delirium is frequent in hospitalized older patients and correlates with high hospital mortality. There are only a few studies about its impact on post-discharge mortality. METHODS: This is a prospective study of patients over 60 years old who were hospitalized in the Geriatric Unit at Hospital das Clínicas of São Paulo between May 2006 and March 2007. Upon admission, demographics, comorbidities, number of drugs taken, and serum albumin concentration were evaluated for each patient. Delirium was diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria. Patients were divided into group A (with delirium) and group B (without delirium). One year after discharge, the patients or their caregivers were contacted to assess days of survival. RESULTS: The sample included 199 patients, 66 (33%) of whom developed delirium (Group A). After one year, 33 (50%) group A patients had died, and 45 (33.8%) group B patients had died (p = 0.03). There was a significant statistical difference in average age (p = 0.001) and immobility (p <0.001) between groups A and B. There were no statistically significant differences between groups A and B in number of drugs taken greater than four (p = 0.62), sex (p = 0.54) and number of diagnoses greater than four (p = 0.21). According to a multivariate analysis, delirium was not an independent predictor of post-discharge mortality. The predictors of post-discharge mortality were age > 80 years (p = 0.029), albumin concentration < 3.5 g/dl (p = 0.001) and immobility (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: Delirium is associated with higher post-discharge mortality as a dependent predictor

Neuronal differentiation of rat hair follicle stem cells: The involvement of the neuroprotective factor seladin-1 (DHCR24)

Background: The seladin-1 (selective Alzheimer disease indicator-1), also known as DHCR24, is a gene found to be down-regulated in brain region affected by Alzheimer disease (AD). Whereas, hair follicle stem cells (HFSC), which are affected in with neurogenic potential, it might to hypothesize that this multipotent cell compartment is the predominant source of seladin-1. Our aim was to evaluate seladin-1 gene expression in hair follicle stem cells. Methods: In this study, bulge area of male Wistar rat HFSC were cultured and then characterized with Seladin-1 immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry on days 8 to 14. Next, 9-11-day cells were evaluated for seladin-1 gene expression by real-time PCR. Results: Our results indicated that expression of the seladin-1 gene (DHCR24) on days 9, 10, and 11 may contribute to the development of HFSC. However, the expression of this gene on day 11 was more than day 10 and on 10th day was more than day 9. Also, we assessed HFSC on day 14 and demonstrated these cells were positive for β-III tubulin, and seladin-1 was not expressed in this day. Conclusion: HFSC express seladin-1 and this result demonstrates that these cells might be used to cell therapy for AD in future

The effects of probiotic supplementation on gene expression related to inflammation, insulin and lipid in patients with Parkinson�s disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of probiotic supplementation on gene expression related to inflammation, insulin and lipid in patients with Parkinson�s disease (PD).Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in 50 patients with PD as a pilot study. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups to take either 8�109 CFU/day probiotic supplements or placebo (n = 25 each group, one capsule daily) for 12 weeks. Gene expression related to inflammation, insulin, and lipid was quantified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of PD patients, with RT-PCR method. Results: After the 12-week intervention, compared with the placebo, probiotic intake downregulated gene expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) (P = 0.03), IL-8 (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (P=0.04) in PBMC of subjects with PD. In addition, probiotic supplementation upregulated transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) (P = 0.02) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) (P = 0.03) in PBMC of subjects with PD compared with the placebo. We did not observe any significant effect of probiotic intake on gene expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in PBMC of patients with PD. Conclusion: Overall, probiotics supplementation for 12 weeks in PD patients significantly improved gene expression of IL-1, IL-8, TNF-α, TGF-β and PPAR-γ, but did not affect gene expression of VEGF and LDLR, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. © 2018 The Author(s)

Patterns of viral load in chronic hepatitis B

ABSTRACT Serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level is a predictor of the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B patients. Nevertheless, the distribution of viral load levels in chronic HBV patients in Brazil has yet to be described. This cross-sectional study included 564 participants selected in nine Brazilian cities located in four of the five regions of the country using the database of a medical diagnostics company. Admission criteria included hepatitis B surface antigen seropositivity, availability of HBV viral load samples and age ≥ 18 years. Males comprised 64.5% of the study population. Mean age was 43.7 years. Most individuals (62.1%) were seronegative for the hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). Median serum ALT level was 34 U/L. In 58.5% of the patients HBV-DNA levels ranged from 300 to 99,999 copies/mL; however, in 21.6% levels were undetectable. Median HBV-DNA level was 2,351 copies/mL. Over 60% of the patients who tested negative for HBeAg and in whom ALT level was less than 1.5 times the upper limit of the normal range had HBV-DNA levels &gt; 2,000 IU/mL, which has been considered a cut-off point for indicating a liver biopsy and/or treatment. In conclusion, HBV-DNA level identified a significant proportion of Brazilian individuals with chronic hepatitis B at risk of disease progression. Furthermore, this tool enables those individuals with high HBV-DNA levels who are susceptible to disease progression to be identified among patients with normal or slightly elevated ALT