Genetic Distance Based On Ssr And Grain Yield Of Inter And Intrapopulational Maize Single Cross Hybrids

The objective of this work was to correlate the genetic distances between the progenitors obtained by microsatellite markers with the grain yield of inter and intrapopulational maize single cross hybrids. Three S 0 populations derived from commercial single cross hybrids were used to obtain 163 hybrids (110 interpopulational and 53 intrapopulational). The two best hybrids and two worst hybrids of each the inter- and intrapopulational crosses were selected and their progenitors maintained through self-pollination of the second ear of each S 0 plant, genotyped with 47 SSRs. The Modified Roger's Distance (MRD) between each pair of S 1 inbred lines, the number of alleles and the polymorphic information content (PIC) of each primer were estimated. The genetic distances between progenitors were correlated with the grain yield of the inter- and intrapopulational hybrids. The number of obtained alleles was 186, with a mean of 3.96 alleles. The PIC varied from 0.49 to 0.80, with a mean of 0.65. The mean genetic distance between all S 1 inbred lines was 0.75, varying from 0.40 to 0.89, indicating the existence of variability between the S 1 inbred lines. The correlation between MRD and grain yield was high and significant for the interpopulational crosses (r = 0.84, P ≤ 0.01) and low and not significant (r = 0.18, P ≥ 0.05) for intrapopulational crosses.5103/04/15507513Ajmone Marsan, P., Castiglioni, P., Fu Sari, F., Kuiper, M., Motto, M., Genetic diversity and its relationship to hybrid performance in maize as revealed by RFLP and AFLP markers (1998) Theor. Appl. Genet., 96, pp. 219-227Árcade, A., Faivre-Rampant, P., Le Guerroué, B., Paques, L.E., Prat, D., Heterozigosity and hybrid performance in larch (1996) Theor. Appl. 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CONCEITO DA PROFUNDIDADE DE MISTURA GERADA PELA AÇÃO DE ONDAS APLICADO À LAGOA DA MANGUEIRA

O termo profundidade de mistura é definido como a profundidade máxima afetada pela onda ao se propagar. Esse conceito é aplicado à lagoa Mangueira, uma lagoa costeira rasa, fechada e sem efeito de maré. Como a profundidade máxima é de 6m e que vento de intensidade superior a 5m/s atingem profundidades superiores a 4,7m na direção mais desfavorável, conclui-se tratar-se de local que dificilmente atinge uma condição de estratificação térmica, devendo ser comum a ressuspensão de sedimentos do fundo

Natural occurence of parasitoids of Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Coreidae)

Eggs and adults of Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) showing parasitism evidence were collected from corn fields in the regions of Campinas and Santa Maria da Serra (both of State of São Paulo, Brazil) and transferred to the laboratory. About 64% of the eggs of L. zonatus yielded adults of the parasitoid Gryon sp. (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae). The adult coreids were parasitized by Trichopoda pennipes Fabricius (Diptera: Tachinidae).75775

Diffusion quantum Monte Carlo study of three-dimensional Wigner crystals

We report diffusion quantum Monte Carlo calculations of three-dimensional Wigner crystals in the density range r_s=100-150. We have tested different types of orbital for use in the approximate wave functions but none improve upon the simple Gaussian form. The Gaussian exponents are optimized by directly minimizing the diffusion quantum Monte Carlo energy. We have carefully investigated and sought to minimize the potential biases in our Monte Carlo results. We conclude that the uniform electron gas undergoes a transition from a ferromagnetic fluid to a body-centered-cubic Wigner crystal at r_s=106+/-1. The diffusion quantum Monte Carlo results are compared with those from Hartree-Fock and Hartree theory in order to understand the role played by exchange and correlation in Wigner crystals. We also study "floating" Wigner crystals and give results for their pair-correlation functions

Mudanças espaço temporal da disponibilidade de serviços ecossistêmicos em uma microbacia hidrográfica do nordeste brasileiro. Spatial and temporal changes of the ecosystem services availability in a microwatershed in Northeast Brazil.

A mudança no uso e ocupação da terra altera a dinâmica de ecossistemas e afeta a provisão de serviços ecossistêmicos, que são a base para a manutenção da vida e do bem-estar físico, mental e espiritual humano. Nesse contexto, o estabelecimento humano em países em desenvolvimento ocorreu, de modo geral, de forma desordenada e sem planejamento, ocasionando deterioração ambiental. No nordeste brasileiro, onde o recurso hídrico é escasso, as aglomerações humanas tendem a ocorrer próximas à rede hídrica, elevando a pressão antrópica sobre esse recurso. Este trabalho analisa as alterações na provisão de serviços ecossistêmicos na Microbacia Hidrográfica Riacho das Piabas, Paraíba, Brasil, associadas a mudanças do uso e ocupação da terra entre os anos de 1989, 2007 e 2014. Mudanças no uso e ocupação da terra foram identificadas e quantificadas por meio de técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e sistema de informação geográfica. Os serviços ecossistêmicos foram analisados por meio de média de valor monetário estimado de serviço ecossistêmico (VSE) disponível na literatura, utilizando o método de transferência de benefício. Em 1989, o valor total de serviço ecossistêmico foi estimado em US$7,18 milhões, reduzindo para US$ 3,73 milhões em 2007 e US$ 2,72 milhões em 2014. Houve aumento de 115% de área construída entre 1989 e 2014, resultando em redução de serviços ecossistêmicos de 62% entre os anos de 1989 e 2014. O declínio do VSE reflete o impacto negativo do processo de urbanização na manutenção de serviços ecossistêmicos, sobretudo os ofertados pela vegetação. A categoria vegetação arbórea foi a mais valiosa para a área de estudo, disponibilizando maior número de funções ecossistêmicas com alto VSE. Entretanto, foi a categoria que mais perdeu área ao longo dos anos. Portanto, é fundamental planejar, criar e manter áreas verdes para minorar os impactos do processo de urbanização na provisão de serviços ecossistêmicos

Timing of insemination and fertility in dairy and beef cattle receiving timed artificial insemination using sex-sorted sperm

AbstractThe objective was to evaluate the effects of timing of insemination and type of semen in cattle subjected to timed artificial insemination (TAI). In Experiment 1, 420 cyclic Jersey heifers were bred at either 54 or 60 h after P4-device removal, using either sex-sorted (2.1 × 106 sperm/straw) or non-sorted sperm (20 × 106 sperm/straw) from three sires (2 × 2 factorial design). There was an interaction (P = 0.06) between time of AI and type of semen on pregnancy per AI (P/AI, at 30 to 42 d after TAI); it was greater when sex-sorted sperm (P < 0.01) was used at 60 h (31.4%; 32/102) than at 54 h (16.2%; 17/105). In contrast, altering the timing of AI did not affect conception results with non-sorted sperm (54 h = 50.5%; 51/101 versus 60 h = 51.8%; 58/112; P = 0.95). There was an effect of sire (P < 0.01) on P/AI, but no interaction between sire and time of AI (P = 0.88). In Experiment 2, 389 suckled Bos indicus beef cows were enrolled in the same treatment groups used in Experiment 1. Sex-sorted sperm resulted in lower P/AI (41.8%; 82/196; P = 0.05) than non-sorted sperm (51.8%; 100/193). In addition, there was a tendency for greater P/AI (P = 0.11) when TAI was performed 60 h (50.8%; 99/195) versus 54 h (42.8%; 83/194) after removing the progestin implant. In Experiment 3, 339 suckled B. indicus cows were randomly assigned to receive TAI with sex-sorted sperm at 36, 48, or 60 h after P4 device removal. Ultrasonographic examinations were performed twice daily in all cows to confirm ovulation. On average, ovulation occured 71.8 ± 7.8 h after P4 removal, and greater P/AI was achieved when insemination was performed closer to ovulation. The P/AI was greatest (37.9%) for TAI performed between 0 and 12 h before ovulation, whereas P/AI was significantly less for TAI performed between 12.1 and 24 h (19.4%) or >24 h (5.8%) before ovulation. In conclusion, sex-sorted sperm resulted in a lesser P/AI than non-sorted sperm following TAI. However, improvements in P/AI with delayed time of AI were possible (Experiments 1 and 3), and seemed achievable when breeding at 60 h following progestin implant removal, compared to the standard 54 h normally used in TAI protocols

Experimental evaluation of refrigerants R290, R32 and R410a in a refrigeration system originally designed for R22

Paper presented to the 10th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Florida, 14-16 July 2014.The present article focuses on the climate performance of three different refrigerants used to replace the hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), R22, for common refrigeration applications. The original system consists of a small commercial refrigeration system, which provides nominal refrigerating capacity of 15 kW. The condition of replacement of R22 by these alternative fluids (R290, R32 and R410A) represented a drop-in operation; there were no changes in the basic cycle components during the tests, with the exception of the lubricating oil. Experimental tests were carried out in steady state condition and throughout the tests the compressor had its entire speed range explored for different levels of modulation of the electronic expansion valve (EEV), thus enabling the realization of a complete thermodynamic analysis. The use of the hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), R32, which has a low global warming potential (GWP) and zero ozone-depleting potential (ODP) guaranteed good efficiency to the refrigeration system. The results showed regular conditions of efficiency of the experimental facility operating with the blend R410A. Finally, the use of the hydrocarbon (HC) resulted in the maximum values for the coefficient of performance, COP.dc201

Comment on "Critique of q-entropy for thermal statistics" by M. Nauenberg

It was recently published by M. Nauenberg [1] a quite long list of objections about the physical validity for thermal statistics of the theory sometimes referred to in the literature as {\it nonextensive statistical mechanics}. This generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) statistical mechanics is based on the following expression for the entropy: S_q= k\frac{1- \sum_{i=1}^Wp_i^q}{q-1} (q \in {\cal R}; S_1=S_{BG} \equiv -k\sum_{i=1}^W p_i \ln p_i) . The author of [1] already presented orally the essence of his arguments in 1993 during a scientific meeting in Buenos Aires. I am replying now simultaneously to the just cited paper, as well as to the 1993 objections (essentially, the violation of "fundamental thermodynamic concepts", as stated in the Abstract of [1]).Comment: 7 pages including 2 figures. This is a reply to M. Nauenberg, Phys. Rev. E 67, 036114 (2003

Prediction of intensive care admission and hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients using demographics and baseline laboratory data

Introduction: Optimized allocation of medical resources to patients with COVID-19 has been a critical concern since the onset of the pandemic. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the authors used data from a Brazilian tertiary university hospital to explore predictors of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and hospital mortality in patients admitted for COVID-19. Our primary aim was to create and validate prediction scores for use in hospitals and emergency departments to aid clinical decisions and resource allocation. Results: The study cohort included&nbsp;3,022&nbsp;participants, of whom&nbsp;2,485&nbsp;were admitted to the ICU; 1968&nbsp;survived, and&nbsp;1054&nbsp;died in the hospital. From the complete cohort, 1,496&nbsp;patients were randomly assigned to the derivation sample and&nbsp;1,526&nbsp;to the validation sample. The final scores included age, comorbidities, and baseline laboratory data. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were very similar for the derivation and validation samples. Scores for ICU admission had a&nbsp;75%&nbsp;accuracy in the validation sample, whereas scores for death had a&nbsp;77%&nbsp;accuracy in the validation sample. The authors found that including baseline flu-like symptoms in the scores added no significant benefit to their accuracy. Furthermore, our scores were more accurate than the previously published NEWS-2 and 4C Mortality Scores. Discussion and conclusions: The authors developed and validated prognostic scores that use readily available clinical and laboratory information to predict ICU admission and mortality in COVID-19. These scores can become valuable tools to support clinical decisions and improve the allocation of limited health resources