185 research outputs found
Quasi-Degenerate Neutrino Masses in Terms of Mass-Squared Differences
The absolute neutrino masses are obtained in terms of the atmospheric and
solar mass-squared differences within the framework of low energy phenomenology
by suggestion of a quantitative analogy between the hierarchies of the neutrino
and charged lepton mass ratios. It points to a quasi-degenerate three neutrino
mass pattern with the neutrino mass scale likely located in the range 0.1 --
0.3 eV, and best-fit value m = 0.18 -- 0.20 eV. Restrictions on the neutrino
mass scale from the WMAP data are considered. Possible indirect evidence in
favor of quasi-degenerate neutrino masses is noted.Comment: 8 pages, PDF, no figures. Partly revised versio
Effective lagrangian for the tbH^+ interaction in the MSSM and charged Higgs phenomenology
In the framework of a 2HDM effective lagrangian for the MSSM, we analyse
important phenomenological aspects associated with quantum soft SUSY-breaking
effects that modify the relation between the bottom mass and the bottom Yukawa
coupling. We derive a resummation of the dominant supersymmetric corrections
for large values of \tb to all orders in perturbation theory. With the help of
the operator product expansion we also perform the resummation of the leading
and next-to-leading logarithms of the standard QCD corrections. We use these
resummation procedures to compute the radiative corrections to the \tbH, \Htb
decay rates. In the large \tb regime, we derive simple formulae embodying all
the dominant contributions to these decay rates and we compute the
corresponding branching ratios. We show, as an example, the effect of these new
results on determining the region of the \mH--\tb plane excluded by the
Tevatron searches for a supersymmetric charged Higgs boson in top quark decays,
as a function of the MSSM parameter space.Comment: 33 pages, LaTeX, 17 figures, revised version submitted to Nuc. Phys.
LHC Discovery Potential for Non-Standard Higgs Bosons in the 3b Channel
In a variety of well motivated models, such as two Higgs Doublet Models
(2HDMs) and the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), there are neutral
Higgs bosons that have significantly enhanced couplings to b-quarks and tau
leptons in comparison to those of the SM Higgs. These so called non-standard
Higgs bosons could be copiously produced at the LHC in association with b
quarks, and subsequently decay into b-quark pairs. However, this production
channel suffers from large irreducible QCD backgrounds. We propose a new search
strategy for non-standard neutral Higgs bosons at the 7 TeV LHC in the 3b's
final state topology. We perform a simulation of the signal and backgrounds,
using state of the art tools and methods for different sets of selection cuts,
and conclude that neutral Higgs bosons with couplings to b-quarks of about 0.3
or larger, and masses up to 400 GeV, could be seen with a luminosity of 30
fb^{-1}. In the case of the MSSM we also discuss the complementarity between
the 3b channel and the inclusive tau pair channel in exploring the
supersymmetric parameter space.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables, references added, published versio
Higgs Bosons in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with Explicit CP Violation
We study the Higgs-boson mass spectrum of the minimal supersymmetric standard
model, in which the tree-level CP invariance of the Higgs potential is broken
explicitly by loop effects of soft-CP-violating Yukawa interactions related to
scalar quarks of the third generation. The analysis is performed by considering
the CP-non-invariant renormalization-group improved effective potential through
next-to-leading order that includes leading logarithms due to two-loop Yukawa
and QCD corrections. We find that the three neutral Higgs particles predicted
by the theory may strongly mix with one another, thereby significantly
modifying their tree-level couplings to fermions and to the and Z
bosons. We analyze the phenomenological consequences of such a minimal
supersymmetric scenario of explicit CP violation on the production rates of the
lightest Higgs particle, and discuss strategies for its potential discovery at
high-energy colliders
Modelling the sulfate capacity of simulated radioactive waste borosilicate glasses
The capacity of simulated high-level radioactive waste borosilicate glasses to incorporate sulfate has been studied as a function of glass composition. Combined Raman, 57Fe Mössbauer and literature evidence supports the attribution of coordination numbers and oxidation states of constituent cations for the purposes of modelling, and results confirm the validity of correlating sulfate incorporation in multicomponent borosilicate radioactive waste glasses with different models. A strong compositional dependency is observed and this can be described by an inverse linear relationship between incorporated sulfate (mol% SO42−) and total cation field strength index of the glass, Σ(z/a2), with a high goodness-of-fit (R2 ≈ 0.950). Similar relationships are also obtained if theoretical optical basicity, Λth (R2 ≈ 0.930) or non-bridging oxygen per tetrahedron ratio, NBO/T (R2 ≈ 0.919), are used. Results support the application of these models, and in particular Σ(z/a2), as predictive tools to aid the development of new glass compositions with enhanced sulfate capacities
Hotspots of missense mutation identify neurodevelopmental disorder genes and functional domains
Genetics of disease, diagnosis and treatmen
New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias
Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele
- …