High protein diet: benefits and risks

The nature of human nutrition has become increasingly important as an effective element in the prevention and treatment of many pathologies, especially obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. High protein diets are some of the most popular eating patterns and the Dukan diet has taken the lead in popularity among the diets of this type. An increase of protein in the diet is effective in reducing body weight, primarily due to the loss of adipose tissue, without a significant effect on muscle mass. Another advantage of a high-protein diet is earlier and longer satiety compared to other diets, which makes it comfortable for use. Besides obesity, high protein diets are presumably effective for treating such diseases as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases However, despite the important advantages, this nutritional model is not universal and is contraindicated in patients with diseases of liver, kidneys and osteoporosis. Besides, the prolonged use of a high protein diet may increase the risks of urolithiasis and reduced mineral bone density even for healthy individuals. Thus, the increase in the proportion of protein in the diet should take place exclusively under the supervision of a physician

Исследование фармакокинетики и биодоступности в создании новых оригинальных лекарственных средств пептидной структуры и их оптимальных лекарственных форм

The review focuses on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability studies for creating new original drugs peptide structure. Much attention is paid to methods for the quantitative determination of peptide compounds in biological material, the study of their pharmacokinetic characteristics, factors that affect the bioavailability of these substances, as well as provide some pharmacokinetic data embedded in the practice of medicines peptide structure.В обзоре акцентируется внимание на исследованиях фармакокинетики и биодоступности при создании новых оригинальных препаратов пептидной структуры. Большое внимание уделяется методам количественного определения пептидных соединений в биоматериале, изучению их фармакокинетических характеристик, факторам, влияющих на биодоступность этих веществ, а также приводятся некоторые фармакокинетические данные по внедрённым в медицинскую практику лекарственным препаратам пептидной структуры

Доклиническое изучение фармакокинетики нового анксиолитика дипетидной структуры ГБ-115

The paper presents the results of experimental studies of pharmacokinetics GB-115 after oral administration of crystalline and micronized substances and 4 new laboratory samples pharmaceutical compositions which differ in the technology of preparation and composition of excipients. It is shown that different excipients and preparation technology significantly affect the pharmacokinetics and effect of studied dipeptide; its optimization is improve the pharmacokinetics properties of the developed compound, namely increasing completeness of absorption, maximum concentration, rate and extent of absorption in the final result in bioavailability GB-115. On the basis of experimental data obtained two pharmaceutical compositions recommended for further pharmacological study.В работе представлены результаты исследования экспериментальной фармакокинетики дипептидного анксиолитика ГБ-115 после перорального введения кристаллической и микронизированной субстанций и 4-х его новых лабораторных образцов фармацевтических композиций, отличающихся по технологии приготовления и составу вспомогательных веществ. Показано, что различные вспомогательные вещества, входящие в состав фармацевтических композиций, и технология приготовления существенным образом влияют на фармакокинетику изучаемого дипептида и следствием её оптимизации является улучшение фармакокинетических свойств разрабатываемого соединения, а именно увеличения полноты всасывания, максимальной концентрации, скорости и степени всасывания и в конечном итоге биодоступности ГБ-115. На основе полученных экспериментальных данных две лекарственные композиции рекомендованы для дальнейшего фармакологического изучения

Isolation, characterisation, and selection of wine yeast strains in Etyek-Buda wine district, Hungary

Initiated by the Association “Wine Route of Etyek Wine District”, the objectives of this study were to isolate and identify autochthonous yeast strains from local wines and to determine their oenologically important properties. The first aim of this work was to characterize the taxonomic and phenotypic diversity of the representative Saccharomyces yeast strains that dominate the spontaneous fermentations in this wine district. The results obtained by molecular ribotyping (ARDRA) revealed a strong dominance of S. cerevisiae, but S. bayanus var. uvarum was also present sporadically. Some of the natural isolates exhibited high volatile acid production or poor fermentation capacity, which imply a quality risk in spontaneous fermentations. Most of the isolates, however, displayed good oenological features during lab scale fermentations. As the second aim of this work, the most promising, selected strains were further tested for oenological properties in microvinification scale and, finally, in large scale fermentations. The analytical and sensory analysis proved that selected strains, including S. bayanus var. uvarum, can be used as local starter cultures, which may contribute to the typicality of the local wines in comparison with commercial starters

Development of 100^{100}Mo-containing scintillating bolometers for a high-sensitivity neutrinoless double-beta decay search

We report recent achievements in the development of scintillating bolometers to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of $^{100}$Mo. The presented results have been obtained in the framework of the LUMINEU, LUCIFER and EDELWEISS collaborations, and are now part of the R\&D activities towards CUPID (CUORE Update with Particle IDentification), a proposed next-generation double-beta decay experiment based on the CUORE experience. We have developed a technology for the production of large mass ($\sim$1 kg), high optical quality, radiopure zinc and lithium molybdate crystal scintillators (ZnMoO$_4$ and Li$_2$MoO$_4$, respectively) from deeply purified natural and $^{100}$Mo-enriched molybdenum. The procedure is applied for a routine production of enriched crystals. Furthermore, the technology of a single detector module consisting of a large-volume ($\sim 100$~cm$^3$) Zn$^{100}$MoO$_4$ and Li$_2$$^{100}$MoO$_4$ scintillating bolometer has been established, demonstrating performance and radiopurity that are close to satisfy the demands of CUPID. In particular, the FWHM energy resolution of the detectors at 2615 keV --- near the $Q$-value of the double-beta transition of $^{100}$Mo (3034~keV) --- is $\approx$ 4--10~keV. The achieved rejection of $\alpha$-induced dominant background above 2.6~MeV is at the level of more than 99.9\%. The bulk activity of $^{232}$Th ($^{228}$Th) and $^{226}$Ra in the crystals is below 10 $\mu$Bq/kg. Both crystallization and detector technologies favor Li$_2$MoO$_4$, which was selected as a main element for the realization of a CUPID demonstrator (CUPID-0/Mo) with $\sim$7 kg of $^{100}$Mo

Fibroblasts and growth factors in cardiovascular complications of diabetes type 2

The ways of improvement of the myocardial perfusion and its systolic function in patients with CAD with various cellular technologies has been studied for over 10 years. There is evidence that fibroblasts and their growth factors play a key role in promoting pathological proliferative processes in endothelial and smooth muscle cells of vascular walls in hyperglycemia

Nodular mastocytosis: a case study

A case study of nodular mastocytosis is described. Tacrolimus was used to treat skin manifestations of mastocytosis