Feedback Control Methods on Short-Period Orbits Of the Earth-Moon Equilateral Libration Points

Recent research by the authors suggests a unique approach to perform Lunar occultations for a diverse set of scientific applications. Under the circular restricted three-body problem assumptions, short-period orbits (SPOs) near the Earth-Moon equilateral Libration points have been suggested for optimal eclipse time and minimal fuel consumption requirements to stay in orbit. Nevertheless, under the presence of orbital perturbations, SPOs are no longer stable as gravitational effects from neighboring celestial bodies continuously perturb these orbits. In this sense, the current study compares a wide range of control methods, including Lyapunov-based adaptive control schemes and fuel-optimal control policies, to address the fuel consumption and tracking issues of the perturbed system. This inquiry attests that perturbations are effectively cancelled out to achieve the proposed scientific objectives with minimal station-keeping requirements

Ciudad de migrantes: Estrategias museológicas

Este reporte explica la intervención que se llevó a cabo dentro del Museo de la Ciudad de Guadalajara, relacionada con museología, educación y nuevas formas de presentar la información a los públicos que visitan el museo. Es un proyecto transdisciplinario donde participaron estudiantes de psicología y arquitectura, con el objetivo en común de generar herramientas museológicas para hacer divertida e interesante la experiencia de los públicos al visitar el Museo, con la finalidad que la experiencia induzca a las personas a regresar o invitar a otros a visitar el espacio.ITESO, A.C

Clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of biocompound IMMUNEPOTENT CRP in the third-molar extraction

ABSTRACT A controlled, parallel, randomized and comparative trial was carried out to evaluate the antiinflammatory efficacy of IMMUNEPOTENT CRP versus ibuprofen in patients after third-molar surgery over seven days. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of IMMUNEPOTENT CRP was evaluated using the method of Amin and Laskin, and the analysis of cytokine production (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a, INF-g) in saliva was done by flow cytometry. The swelling process after surgery was significant (p < 0.05) and the treatments with IMMUNEPOTENT CRP or ibuprofen controlled this process properly; no difference between the groups was found (p < 0.05). Both treatments were shown to modulate the cytokine production. These results demonstrate the anti-inflammatory activity of the natural compound IMMUNEPOTENT CRP and suggest it could be used in clinical dental practice

The Palomar Testbed Interferometer Calibrator Catalog

The Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI) archive of observations between 1998 and 2005 is examined for objects appropriate for calibration of optical long-baseline interferometer observations - stars that are predictably point-like and single. Approximately 1,400 nights of data on 1,800 objects were examined for this investigation. We compare those observations to an intensively studied object that is a suitable calibrator, HD217014, and statistically compare each candidate calibrator to that object by computing both a Mahalanobis distance and a Principal Component Analysis. Our hypothesis is that the frequency distribution of visibility data associated with calibrator stars differs from non-calibrator stars such as binary stars. Spectroscopic binaries resolved by PTI, objects known to be unsuitable for calibrator use, are similarly tested to establish detection limits of this approach. From this investigation, we find more than 350 observed stars suitable for use as calibrators (with an additional $\approx 140$ being rejected), corresponding to $\gtrsim 95$ sky coverage for PTI. This approach is noteworthy in that it rigorously establishes calibration sources through a traceable, empirical methodology, leveraging the predictions of spectral energy distribution modeling but also verifying it with the rich body of PTI's on-sky observations.Comment: 100 pages, 7 figures, 7 tables; to appear in the May 2008ApJS, v176n

Campaña de sensibilización para el proyecto Ciudad Amigable con los Mayores en Guadalajara, Jalisco: equipo de producción

El siguiente reporte, habla de las estrategias para dar continuidad al proyecto junto con la reedición de algunos contenidos que ya formaban parte de los productos a entregar y la creación de contenido nuevo y estrategias de comunicación realizadas a lo largo del periodo Verano 2018 para Alter Código, desarrollado por alumnos del Departamento de Estudios Socioculturales (DESO) del ITESO, este con el fin de crear una campaña de sensibilización para dignificar la imagen de los adultos mayores y difundir el proyecto Alter Código entre estudiantes y académicos. El objetivo de este proyecto fue mostrar una imagen digna e íntegra de grupos estructuralmente desfavorecidos con el fin de generar una visión variante de cómo se vive la vejez en los mayores. Esto representado con los productos audiovisuales que se pre produjeron este verano 2018, productos nuevos, contenido listo para difundir, así como trabajos y asesorías donde se trabajó la sensibilización del tema con los alumnos del escenario de adultos mayores. Partiendo de ahí, los resultados fueron una guía de estudio con los lineamientos aprobados para el uso en futuros alumnos, contenidos audiovisuales y gráficos, nuevos contenidos y una estrategia de comunicación en marcha.ITESO, A.C

Preparation methods of chitosan nanoparticles: a review

El quitosano es un polisacárido natural que ha sido utilizado frecuentemente en el desarrollo de distintos materiales, debido a sus excepcionales propiedades fisicoquímicas y biológicas. Las nanopartículas de quitosano son generalmente producidas por estrategias denominadas de construcción (del inglés “bottom up”), donde el ensamblado polimérico es promovido por distintas interacciones moleculares. Sin embargo, un grupo de estrategias llamadas de deconstrucción (del inglés “top-down”) basadas en la fragmentación de estructuras macroscópicas, han generado un gran interés recientemente como alternativa para la obtención de nanomateriales. El presente trabajo hace una revisión bibliográfica de los resultados obtenidos por distintas investigaciones sobre la producción de sistemas de nanopartículas basadas en quitosano durante las últimas décadas. Las evidencias demostraron que las nanopartículas de quitosano juegan un papel preponderante en la investigación de los nanomateriales poliméricos con aplicaciones biomédicas y farmacéuticas, debido a la gran diversidad de métodos de obtención existentes que determinan las propiedades de los materiales, tales como tamaño de partícula, capacidad de incorporación y liberación de compuestos bioactivos, carga superficial, mucoadhesividad, entre otras

Antiviral mode of action of bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract (bDLE) is derived from immune leukocytes obtained from bovine spleen. DLE has demonstrated to reduce transcription of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) and inactivate the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Therefore, we decided to clarify the mode of antiviral action of bDLE on the inhibition of HIV-1 infection through a panel of antiviral assays.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The cytotoxicity, HIV-1 inhibition activity, residual infectivity of bDLE in HIV-1, time of addition experiments, fusion inhibition of bDLE for fusogenic cells and the duration of cell protection even after the removal of bDLE were all assessed in order to discover more about the mode of the antiviral action.</p> <p>HIV-1 infectivity was inhibited by bDLE at doses that were not cytotoxic for HeLa-CD4-LTR-β-gal cells. Pretreatment of HIV-1 with bDLE did not decrease the infectivity of these viral particles. Cell-based fusion assays helped to determine if bDLE could inhibit fusion of Env cells against CD4 cells by membrane fusion and this cell-based fusion was inhibited only when CD4 cells were treated with bDLE. Infection was inhibited in 80% compared with the positive (without EDL) at all viral life cycle stages in the time of addition experiments when bDLE was added at different time points. Finally, a cell-protection assay against HIV-1 infection by bDLE was performed after treating host cells with bDLE for 30 minutes and then removing them from treatment. From 0 to 7 hours after the bDLE was completely removed from the extracellular compartment, HIV-1 was then added to the host cells. The bDLE was found to protect the cells from HIV-1 infection, an effect that was retained for several hours.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>bDLE acted as an antiviral compound and prevented host cell infection by HIV-1 at all viral life cycle stages. These cell protection effects lingered for hours after the bDLE was removed. Interestingly, bDLE inhibited fusion of fusogenic cells by acting only on CD4 cells. bDLE had no virucidal effect, but could retain its antiviral effect on target cells after it was removed from the extracellular compartment, protecting the cells from infection for hours.</p> <p>bDLE, which has no reported side effects or toxicity in clinical trials, should therefore be further studied to determine its potential use as a therapeutic agent in HIV-1 infection therapy, in combination with known antiretrovirals.</p

Respuesta superovulatoria y calidad embrionaria de vacas Brahman lactando sincronizadas con dosis bajas de FSH en condiciones del sur de México

Objetivo: evaluar la respuesta superovulatoria y calidad embrionaria de un grupo de vacas Brahman lactando sometidas a un protocolo de dosis bajas de FSH. Metodología: en el estudio fueron superovuladas 33 vacas de raza Brahman multíparas lactando. Las hembras fueron sincronizadas con CIDR (inserción día 0) y dosis decrecientes de FSH (día 5: 250mg FSH, día 6: 200 mg FSH, día 7: 150 mg), el día 9 y 10 se practicó la inseminación artificial (IA); finalmente el día 17 se realizó el lavado para la recolección de embriones. Los embriones fueron colectados con una sonda Foley, y el contenido fue depositado en una caja de&nbsp; Petri cuadrada de 100 ? 100 mm con fondo cuadriculado para la posterior búsqueda de embriones en el microscopio provisto de un aumento de 20 a 30 X. Los embriones fueron clasificados de acuerdo a su morfología y estadio de desarrollo en una escala del 1 (estadio de una célula) al 9 (estadio de blastocito eclosionado) y calidad como 1 (excelente), 2 (bueno), 3 (regular) y 4 (degenerado). Resultados: Del 100% de las vacas tratadas se obtuvieron 363 embriones: 41.8% fueron viables; 65% se clasificaron como blastocisto eclosionado de calidad 8 y 34.8% de calidad 7. De los embriones clasificados como blastocisto eclosionado, 60.6% fueron de calidad excelente, 28.28% de calidad buena y 11.11% de calidad regular. El promedio de embriones viables por vaca fue de 2.9% y 1.9% transferibles. Implicaciones: Es difícil superovular vacas lactando, por el control de los becerros durante el proceso experimental, y no es recomendable este tipo de tratamiento por el gasto metabólico y reproductivo a lasque son sometidas las hembras. Conclusiones: Las vacas de raza Brahman lactando tienen una respuesta superovulatoria baja cuando son sincronizadas con un protocolo de dosis bajas de FSH

In Vitro Evaluation of Colloidal Silver on Immune Function: Antilymphoproliferative Activity

Colloidal silver (AgC) is currently used by humans and it can be internalized through inhalation, injection, ingestion, and dermal contact. However, there is limited information about immunological activity; more investigations using colloidal silver are needed. In the present study, the effects of AgC (17.5 ng/mL) on immunological parameters (proliferation and immunophenotyping) using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and macrophages (phagocytosis) and cytotoxicity on leukemia and lymphoma cancer cell lines (1.75 to 17.5 ng/mL) were investigated. AgC was observed to significantly (p<0.05) decrease interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and proliferation induced by phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A in PBMC without affecting its cell viability but with cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, INF-γ, and IL-17A cytokines production and CD3+, CD3−CD19+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, and CD16+CD56+ PBMC phenotypes were not affected by AgC. The present study demonstrates that colloidal silver is harmless and nontoxic to the immune system cells and its ability to interfere with the immune response by decreasing cell proliferation when stimulated with mitogens demonstrated the antilymphoproliferative potential of AgC