432 research outputs found
EFSUMB Recommendations and Guidelines for Gastrointestinal Ultrasound - Part 1: Examination Techniques and Normal Findings (Long version).
Abstract
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In October 2014 the European Federation of Societies
for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology formed
a Gastrointestinal Ultrasound (GIUS) task force
group to promote the use of GIUS in a clinical setting.
One of the main objectives of the task force
group was to develop clinical recommendations
and guidelines for the use of GIUS under the auspices
of EFSUMB. The first part, gives an overview of
the examination techniques for GIUS recommended
by experts in the field. It also presents the
current evidence for the interpretation of normal
sonoanatomical and physiological features as examined
with different ultrasound modalities
EFSUMB Recommendations and Guidelines for Gastrointestinal Ultrasound - Part 1: Examination Techniques and Normal Findings (Short version)
Abstract
âŒ
In October 2014 the European Federation of Societies
for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology formed
a Gastrointestinal Ultrasound (GIUS) task force
group to promote the use of GIUS in a clinical setting.
One of the main objectives of the task force
group was to develop clinical recommendations
and guidelines for the use of GIUS under the auspices
of EFSUMB. The first part, gives an overview of
the examination techniques for GIUS recommended
by experts in the field. It also presents the
current evidence for the interpretation of normal
sonoanatomical and physiological features as examined
with different ultrasound modalities
Non-destructive controlled single-particle light scattering measurement
We present a set of light scattering data measured from a millimeter-sized extraterrestrial rock sample. The data were acquired by our novel scatterometer, which enables accurate multi-wavelength measure- ments of single-particle samples whose position and orientation are controlled by ultrasonic levitation. The measurements demonstrate a non-destructive approach to derive optical properties of small mineral samples. This enables research on valuable materials, such as those returned from space missions or rare meteorites.Peer reviewe
Reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol by some micro-organisms and its stereospecificity
Synthetic dust polarization emission maps at 353 GHz for an observer placed inside a Local Bubble-like cavity
We present a study of synthetic observations of polarized dust emission at
353 GHz as seen by an observer within a cavity in the interstellar medium
(ISM). The cavity is selected from a magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the
local ISM with time-dependent chemistry, star formation, and stellar feedback
in form of supernova explosions with physical properties comparable to the
Local Bubble ones. We find that the local density enhancement together with the
coherent magnetic field in the cavity walls makes the selected candidate a
translucent polarization filter to the emission coming from beyond its domains.
This underlines the importance of studying the Local Bubble in further detail.
The magnetic field lines inferred from synthetic dust polarization data are
qualitatively in agreement with the all-sky maps of polarized emission at 353
GHz from the Planck satellite in the latitudes interval 15deg <= |b| <= 65deg.
As our numerical simulation allows us to track the Galactic midplane only out
to distances of 250 pc, we exclude the region |b|<15deg from our analysis. At
large Galactic latitudes, our model exhibits a high degree of small-scale
structures. On the contrary, the observed polarization pattern around the
Galactic poles is relatively coherent and regular, and we argue that the global
toroidal magnetic field of the Milky Way is important for explaining the data
at |b| > 65deg. We show that from our synthetic polarization maps, it is
difficult to distinguish between an open and a closed Galactic cap using the
inferred magnetic field morphology alone
Scattering and absorption of light in planetary regoliths
Theoretical, numerical, and experimental methods are presented for multiple scattering of light in macroscopic discrete random media of densely-packed microscopic particles. The theoretical and numerical methods constitute a framework of Radiative Transfer with Reciprocal Transactions (R2T2). The R2T2 framework entails Monte Carlo order-of-scattering tracing of interactions in the frequency space, assuming that the fundamental scatterers and absorbers are wavelength-scale volume elements composed of large numbers of randomly distributed particles. The discrete random media are fully packed with the volume elements. For spherical and nonspherical particles, the interactions within the volume elements are computed exactly using the Superposition T-Matrix Method (STMM) and the Volume Integral Equation Method (VIEM), respectively. For both particle types, the interactions between different volume elements are computed exactly using the STMM. As the tracing takes place within the discrete random media, incoherent electromagnetic fields are utilized, that is, the coherent field of the volume elements is removed from the interactions. The experimental methods are based on acoustic levitation of the samples for non-contact, non-destructive scattering measurements. The levitation entails full ultrasonic control of the sample position and orientation, that is, six degrees of freedom. The light source is a laser-driven white-light source with a monochromator and polarizer. The detector is a mini-photomultiplier tube on a rotating wheel, equipped with polarizers. The R2T2 is validated using measurements for a mm-scale spherical sample of densely-packed spherical silica particles. After validation, the methods are applied to interpret astronomical observations for asteroid (4) Vesta and comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (Figure 1) recently visited by the NASA Dawn mission and the ESA Rosetta mission, respectively. © 2019 JoVE.European Research Council, ERC: 320773The present manuscript summarizes the findings of a project funded for five years in 2013-2018 by the European Research Council (ERC): Scattering and Absorption of ElectroMagnetic waves in ParticuLate media (SAEMPL, ERC Advanced Grant). SAEMPL succeeded in meeting its three main goals: first, novel numerical Monte Carlo methods were derived for multiple scattering by discrete random media of densely-packed particles16,17,18; second, novel experimental instrumentation was developed and constructed for controlled laboratory measurements of validation samples in levitation15; third, the numerical and experimental methods were applied to interpret astronomical observations19,20.Research supported by the ERC Advanced Grant â 320773. We thank the Laboratory of Chronology of the Finnish Museum of Natural History for the help with sample characterization
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in Crohnâs disease: technique, image interpretation and clinical applications
Continuos clinical remission with biologics in Ulcerative Colitis: the A.U.R.O.R.A. comparative study
Comparative trials among biological drugs for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) provided conflicting results. After patent expire of infliximab originator, adalimumab, infliximab biosimilar, golimumab and vedolizumab have been approved in Italy.We compared the efficacy of these four biologics in UC according to the concept of continuous clinical remission (CCR)
Change over time of COVID-19 hospital presentation in Northern Italy
none40After the first autochthonous case described on February 19, also in
Italy the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) infection rapidly circulated, mainly in the Northern regions of
the country. The earliest reports on Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)
have described worldwide a high prevalence of severe respiratory illness [1]. A suggestive feature of COVID-19 has been a rapid progression
of the respiratory impairment, leading to acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS) and often requiring ventilation support [2]. To date,
whether clinical features at hospital presentation and outcome of
COVID-19 have changed over the outbreak course is unknown. We
explored this issue in a multicenter cohort of patients hospitalized for
COVID-19 in Northern Italy.mixedPatti G.; Mennuni M.; Della Corte F.; Spinoni E.; Sainaghi P. P.; COVID-UPO Clinical Team; Azzolina D; Hayden E; Rognon A; Grisafi L; Colombo C; Lio V; Pirisi M; Vaschetto R; Aimaretti G; Krengli M; Avanzi GC; Balbo PE; Capponi A; Castello LM; Bellan M; Malerba M; Garavelli PL; Zeppegno P; Savoia P; Chichino G; Olivieri C; Re R; Maconi A; Comi C; Roveta A; Bertolotti M; Carriero A; Betti M; Mussa M; BorrĂš S; Cantaluppi V; Cantello R; Bobbio F; GavellI F.Patti, G.; Mennuni, M.; Della Corte, F.; Spinoni, E.; Sainaghi, P. P.; COVID-UPO Clinical, Team; Azzolina, D; Hayden, E; Rognon, A; Grisafi, L; Colombo, C; Lio, V; Pirisi, M; Vaschetto, R; Aimaretti, G; Krengli, M; Avanzi, Gc; Balbo, Pe; Capponi, A; Castello, Lm; Bellan, M; Malerba, M; Garavelli, Pl; Zeppegno, P; Savoia, P; Chichino, G; Olivieri, C; Re, R; Maconi, A; Comi, C; Roveta, A; Bertolotti, M; Carriero, A; Betti, M; Mussa, M; BorrĂš, S; Cantaluppi, V; Cantello, R; Bobbio, F; Gavelli, F
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