Lipidomics Reveals Multiple Pathway Effects of a Multi-Components Preparation on Lipid Biochemistry in ApoE*3Leiden.CETP Mice

Background: Causes and consequences of the complex changes in lipids occurring in the metabolic syndrome are only partly understood. Several interconnected processes are deteriorating, which implies that multi-target approaches might be more successful than strategies based on a limited number of surrogate markers. Preparations from Chinese Medicine (CM) systems have been handed down with documented clinical features similar as metabolic syndrome, which might help developing new intervention for metabolic syndrome. The progress in systems biology and specific animal models created possibilities to assess the effects of such preparations. Here we report the plasma and liver lipidomics results of the intervention effects of a preparation SUB885C in apolipoprotein E3 Leiden cholesteryl ester transfer protein (ApoE*3Leiden.CETP) mice. SUB885C was developed according to the principles of CM for treatment of metabolic syndrome. The cannabinoid receptor type 1 blocker rimonabant was included as a general control for the evaluation of weight and metabolic responses. Methodology/Principal Findings: ApoE*3Leiden.CETP mice with mild hypercholesterolemia were divided into SUB885C-, rimonabant- and non-treated control groups. SUB885C caused no weight loss, but significantly reduced plasma cholesterol (-49%, p <0.001), CETP levels (-31%,

Plasma and Liver Lipidomics Response to an Intervention of Rimonabant in ApoE*3Leiden.CETP Transgenic Mice

Background: Lipids are known to play crucial roles in the development of life-style related risk factors such as obesity, dyslipoproteinemia, hypertension and diabetes. The first selective cannabinoid-1 receptor blocker rimonabant, an anorectic anti-obesity drug, was frequently used in conjunction with diet and exercise for patients with a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2 with associated risk factors such as type II diabetes and dyslipidaemia in the past. Less is known about the impact of this drug on the regulation of lipid metabolism in plasma and liver in the early stage of obesity. Methodology/Principal Findings: We designed a four-week parallel controlled intervention on apolipoprotein E3 Leiden cholesteryl ester transfer protein (ApoE&z.ast;3Leiden.CETP) transgenic mice with mild overweight and hypercholesterolemia. A liquid chromatography-linear ion trap-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometric approach was employed to investigate plasma and liver lipid responses to the rimonabant intervention. Rimonabant was found to induce a significant body weight loss (9.4%, p<0.05) and a significant plasma total cholesterol reduction (24%, p<0.05). Six plasma and three liver lipids in ApoE&z.ast;3Leiden.CETP transgenic mice were detected to most significantly respond to rimonabant treatment. Distinct lipid patterns between the mice were observed for both plasma and liver samples in rimonabant treatment vs. non-treated controls. This study successfully applied, for the first time, systems biology based lipidomics approaches to evaluate treatment effects of rimonabant in the early stage of obesity. Conclusion: The effects of rimonabant on lipid metabolism and body weight reduction in the early stage obesity were shown to be moderate in ApoE&z.ast;3Leiden.CETP mice on high-fat diet. © 2011 Hu et al

On robust constitution design

Also available via the InternetSIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:3597.9512(no 3303) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Le sexe des insuffisants rénaux chroniques influence leurs projets thérapeutiques [Conference paper]

International audienceIntroductionDifférentes cohortes et registres montrent que les patients avec une suppléance rénale sont majoritairement des hommes alors que les femmes sont prédominantes aux stades 3 et plus. Une des hypothèses testées dans cette étude est que l’orientation vers la suppléance ou le traitement conservateur serait différent selon le sexe et les comorbidités.Description/méthodesLe projet thérapeutique et les comorbidités des nouveaux insuffisants rénaux en stade 4 et stade 5 non suppléés en Bretagne entre 2019 et 2021 ont été obtenus à partir du registre Breizh IRC 5.RésultatsAu total, 1627 patients ont été inclus dont 1050 en stade 4 (421 femmes et 629 hommes) et 577 en stade 5 (219 femmes et 358 hommes). Parmi les patients du stade 5, les femmes sont plus âgées que les hommes (71,9 contre 69,9 ans), plus souvent dépendantes pour la marche (18 % contre 5 %) et seules à domicile (38 % contre 24 %). Dans les analyses univariées, la probabilité d’être orienté vers un traitement conservateur initialement et à la dernière consultation renseignée est plus grande chez les femmes par rapport aux hommes (OR respectivement OR = 2, IC95 % = 1,2–3,5 et OR = 2,1, IC95 % = 1,2–3,9). Parmi les patients du stade 4, la probabilité d’avoir un projet thérapeutique non fixé initialement et à la dernière consultation renseignée est plus élevée chez les femmes par rapport aux hommes (OR respectivement OR = 1,8, IC95 % = 1,3–2,4 et OR = 1,5, IC95 % = 1,1–2,1). Les analyses multivariées sont en cours.ConclusionLes premiers résultats en analyse univariée montrent que le sexe féminin est associé à une moindre orientation vers la suppléance au bénéfice du traitement conservateur. La richesse du registre Breizh IRC 5 et des modèles multivariés permettront l’analyse des choix thérapeutiques en tenant compte de toutes les caractéristiques disponibles des patients

SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and antibodies persistence among health care workers after the first COVID-19 wave in nine hospitals in Western France

International audienceOBJECTIVES: To estimate the SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence rate in healthcare workers (HCWs) from Western France after the first 2020 wave, its determinants and the kinetics of total SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Overall, 9,453 HCWs responded to a self-questionnaire and underwent a lateral flow immunoassay to assess SARS-CoV-2 IgG presence. For 72 HCWs who tested positive, total anti-nucleocapsid antibodies were assessed at day 0, 30, and 90. RESULTS: SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence rate was 1.06% [0.86%-1.27%]. Factors associated with IgG presence were gender, performing upper respiratory tract samples, contact with HCWs or household members diagnosed with COVID-19. Total antibodies decreased between day 0 and day 90, with anosmia or ageusia, and were higher in HCWs older than 50 years. CONCLUSION: We reported a low prevalence rate of IgG and identified several risk factors associated with its presence and persistence of total antibodies. Additional studies are needed to confirm these observations

Seeing Difference: The Effect of Economic Disparity on Black Attitudes Toward Latinos

Rapid growth in the size of the Latino population has increased the ethnic diversity of urban neighborhoods, transforming the residential experiences of many black Americans. The competition for scarce resources is considered a central force in black-Latino relations and a source of anti-Latino sentiment among blacks. This article examines how the level and the distribution of economic resources within diverse areas affect black attitudes toward Latinos. Drawing on a multilevel dataset of individual racial attitudes and neighborhood characteristics, the analysis reveals that the relative economic status of racial groups is an important influence on black attitudes. In environments where Latinos are economically advantaged relative to their black neighbors, blacks are more likely to harbor negative stereotypes about Latinos, to be reluctant to extend to Latinos the same policy benefits they themselves enjoy, and to view black and Latino economic and political interests as incompatible. While the results suggest that diversity without conflict is possible, they make clear that the prospects for intergroup comity depend on some resolution of blacks' economic insecurities.African and African American StudiesGovernmen