Алгоритм проведення попередньої дегазації методом гравітаційного знещільнення вуглепородного масиву

Приводится алгоритм проведения предварительной дегазации при применении нового способа гравитационной разгрузки на угольных месторождениях Донбасса и Львовско-Волынского бассейнов. Среди главных эффектов, которые будут получены при внедрении способа – обеспечение безопасности работ на шахтах и промышленная добыча метана.The algorithm of realization of pre-degassing with using new way of gravitational unloading on coal fields of Donbas and Lviv-Volyn basins is given in this article. Guaranteeing of safety works in mines and industrial methane-mining are between main effects which will be got on conditions of application of this method

E1A functions as a coactivator of retinoic acid-dependent retinoic acid receptor-beta 2 promoter activation

The retinoic acid (RA) receptor (RAR) beta 2 promoter is strongly activated by RA in embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. We examined this activation in the P19 EC-derived END-2 cell line and in E1A-expressing counterparts and found strong RA-dependent RAR beta 2 promoter activation in the E1A-expressing cells, which was not observed in the parental cell line, indicating a possible role for E1A in RAR beta 2 activation. In transient transfection assays, E1A functioned as a coactivator of RA-dependent RAR beta 2 promoter activation and, moreover, was able to restore this activation in cells lacking RAR beta 2 activation. By deletion analysis, two regions in the RAR beta 2 promoter were identified that mediate the stimulatory effect of E1A: the RA response element and TATA box-containing region and a more up-stream region between -180 and -63, in which a cAMP response element-related motif was identified as a target element for E1A. In addition, determination of endogenous E1A-like activity by measuring E2A promoter activity in transient transfection assays in EC and differentiated cells revealed a correlation between RA-dependent RAR beta 2 promoter activation and the presence of this activity, suggesting an important role for the cellular equivalent of E1A in regulation of the RAR beta 2 promoter

Irreversible impacts of heat on the emissions of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, phenolic BVOC and green leaf volatiles from several tree species

Climate change will induce extended heat waves to parts of the vegetation more frequently. High temperatures may act as stress (thermal stress) on plants changing emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). As BVOCs impact the atmospheric oxidation cycle and aerosol formation, it is important to explore possible alterations of BVOC emissions under high temperature conditions. Applying heat to European beech, Palestine oak, Scots pine, and Norway spruce in a laboratory setup either caused the well-known exponential increases of BVOC emissions or induced irreversible changes of BVOC emissions. Considering only irreversible changes of BVOC emissions as stress impacts, we found that high temperatures decreased the <i>de novo</i> emissions of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and phenolic BVOC. This behaviour was independent of the tree species and whether the <i>de novo</i> emissions were constitutive or induced by biotic stress. <br><br> In contrast, application of thermal stress to conifers amplified the release of monoterpenes stored in resin ducts of conifers and induced emissions of green leaf volatiles. In particular during insect attack on conifers, the plants showed <i>de novo</i> emissions of sesquiterpenes and phenolic BVOCs, which exceeded constitutive monoterpene emissions from pools. The heat-induced decrease of <i>de novo</i> emissions was larger than the increased monoterpene release caused by damage of resin ducts. For insect-infested conifers the net effect of thermal stress on BVOC emissions could be an overall decrease. <br><br> Global change-induced heat waves may put hard thermal stress on plants. If so, we project that BVOC emissions increase is more than predicted by models only in areas predominantly covered with conifers that do not emit high amounts of sesquiterpenes and phenolic BVOCs. Otherwise overall effects of high temperature stress will be lower increases of BVOC emissions than predicted by algorithms that do not consider stress impacts

Veiligheid en beveiliging van offshore Windturbineparken Integrale veiligheidsstudie

Dit rapport geeft de bevindingen weer van een integrale studie naar de veiligheidsaspecten rond de realisatie van (meerdere) offshore windturbineparken op het Nederlandse deel van de Noordzee. Het onderzoek is geïnitieerd in het kader van het onderzoeksprogramma We@Sea. Offshore windturbineparken beïnvloeden de veiligheid op zee b.v. doordat ze ruimte innemen die voorheen vrij gebruikt konden worden door scheepvaart en visserij. Door verdringing treedt verdichting op van het scheepvaartverkeer rondom het windturbinepark en het ingenomen gebied wordt onbereikbaar voor vissers. Daarnaast zijn de windturbines objecten waarmee schepen in aanvaring kunnen komen b.v. wanneer zij op drift raken. De gevaren in deze zijn wederzijds, zowel de windturbines kunnen schade oplopen door zo’n gebeurtenis, maar ook de schepen kunnen beschadigd raken. In het geval dat het schip een milieugevaarlijke lading b.v. chemicaliën of olie vervoert, dreigt er tevens gevaar voor het milieu

Analysis of the XPA and ssDNA-binding surfaces on the central domain of human ERCC1 reveals evidence for subfunctionalization.

Human ERCC1/XPF is a structure-specific endonuclease involved in multiple DNA repair pathways. We present the solution structure of the non-catalytic ERCC1 central domain. Although this domain shows structural homology with the catalytically active XPF nuclease domain, functional investigation reveals a completely distinct function for the ERCC1 central domain by performing interactions with both XPA and single-stranded DNA. These interactions are non-competitive and can occur simultaneously through distinct interaction surfaces. Interestingly, the XPA binding by ERCC1 and the catalytic function of XPF are dependent on a structurally homologous region of the two proteins. Although these regions are strictly conserved in each protein family, amino acid composition and surface characteristics are distinct. We discuss the possibility that after XPF gene duplication, the redundant ERCC1 central domain acquired novel functions, thereby increasing the fidelity of eukaryotic DNA repair

Field-effect transistors assembled from functionalized carbon nanotubes

We have fabricated field effect transistors from carbon nanotubes using a novel selective placement scheme. We use carbon nanotubes that are covalently bound to molecules containing hydroxamic acid functionality. The functionalized nanotubes bind strongly to basic metal oxide surfaces, but not to silicon dioxide. Upon annealing, the functionalization is removed, restoring the electronic properties of the nanotubes. The devices we have fabricated show excellent electrical characteristics.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

Tuning strategy for Curie-temperature enhancement in the van der Waals magnet Mn_1+xSb_2−xTe₄

The van-der-Waals antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 is one of the few materials that realize the sought-after quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) state and quantized surface charge transport. To assess the relevance of its isostructural analog MnSb2Te4 as a potential QAH candidate, the roles of Mn/Sb site mixing and cationic vacancies need to be clarified. Recent findings have shown that non-stoichiometry in Mn1±xSb2∓xTe4 is an efficient tuning knob to achieve a net spin-polarized state and to raise the magnetic ordering temperature well above that of MnBi2Te4. Here, we report the crystal structure, the bulk and the surface magnetism of two new Mn1+xSb2−xTe4 samples: Mn1.08Sb1.92Te4(x ≈ 0.1) with TC = 44 K, and Mn2.01Sb1.19Te4(x ≈ 1.0) with the record TC = 58 K. We quantify the site mixing comprehensively by combining various structural probes on powders and single crystals, and then employ bulk, local (electron spin resonance), and spectroscopic (x-ray magnetic circular dichroism) probes to connect these insights to the magnetism of these materials. We demonstrate that Mn over-stoichiometry up to x = 1.0, in combination with a particular Mn/Sb intermixing pattern and the increasingly three-dimensional character of the magnetic order, push the TC upwards. The tendency towards more robust ferromagnetism mediated by stronger interlayer exchange in Mn1+xSb2−xTe4 upon increasing x is confirmed by bulk magnetometry and by a series of density-functional-theory calculations of model structures with varying intermixing.</p