De la quête de légitimation à la question de la légitimité : les thérapeutiques "traditionnelles" au Sénégal

E. Fassin & D. Fassin — From the Quest for Legitimation to the Question of Legitimacy : 'Traditional' Therapies in Senegal. The quest for new forms of recognition for traditional therapists raises the question of the relations between the different kinds of medical practices and, more precisely, that of medical legitimacy. Through three case studies carried out in Senegal, the authors attempt to show how principles of legitimation are defined today with, as essential characteristics: recognition of the least legitimate of the healers, strengthening of the legitimator's authority, and recourse to legitimating bodies outside of the medical field. This analysis shows the inanity of the classical modem/traditional opposition and leads to an examination of the meaning of a legitimacy crisis which seems to affect both doctors and healers.Fassin Éric, Fassin Didier. De la quête de légitimation à la question de la légitimité : les thérapeutiques « traditionnelles » au Sénégal.. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 28, n°110, 1988. pp. 207-231

Миф, ритуал, праздник: взаимосвязь традиций

В истории культуры нельзя найти какой-либо исторический отрезок времени в любом регионе, где хоть на мгновение человеческое сообщество могло бы существовать автономно и независимо от прочных связей с прошлым и будущим. Даже если кто-то и заявлял об окончательном разрыве с традицией, то при внимательном изучении всегда обнаруживались элементы и структуры «прошлого» в настоящем. В культуре христианства присутствуют элементы языческих традиций, в атеистических по своему идеологическому содержанию советских праздниках можно обнаружить связь с предшествующими народными традициями, праздниками, ритуалами. Культурное бытие человечества не дискретно, но континуально и взаимозависимо

Droit conjugal et unions de même sexe - Mariage, partenariat et concubinage dans neuf pays européens

FDR De bescherming van fundamentele rechten in een integrerend Europa ou

Fortunes of feminism: act four

Part of Fortunes of Feminism: A Roundtable on and with Nancy Fraser. Discussants: Jo Littler, Eric Fassin, Barbara Poggio, Nancy Frase

CSR and related terms in SME owner-managers' mental models in six European countries: national context matters

As a contribution to the emerging field of corporate social responsibility (CSR) cognition, this article reports on the findings of an exploratory study that compares SME owner–managers’ mental models with regard to CSR and related concepts across six European countries (Belgium, Italy, Norway, France, UK, Spain). Utilising Repertory Grid Technique, we found that the SME owner–managers’ mental models show a few commonalities as well as a number of differences across the different country samples. We interpret those differences by linking individual cognition to macro-environmental variables, such as language, national traditions and dissemination mechanisms. The results of our exploratory study show that nationality matters but that classifications of countries as found in the comparative capitalism literature do not exactly mirror national differences in CSR cognition and that these classifications need further differentiation. The findings from our study raise questions on the universality of cognition of academic management concepts and warn that promotion of responsible business practice should not rely on the use of unmediated US American management terminology

Philanthropy or solidarity? Ethical dilemmas about humanitarianism in crisis afflicted Greece

That philanthropy perpetuates the conditions that cause inequality is an old argument shared by thinkers such as Karl Marx, Oscar Wilde and Slavoj Zizek. I recorded the same argument in conversations regarding a growing humanitarian concern in austerity-ridden Greece. At the local level a number of solidarity initiatives provide the most impoverished families with humanitarian help. Some citizens participate in such initiatives wholeheartedly, while some other citizens criticize solidarity movements drawing primarily from Marxist-inspired arguments, such as, for example, that humanitarianism rationalises state inaction. The local narratives presented in this article bring forward two parallel possibilities engendered by the humanitarian face of social solidarity: first, its empowering potential (where solidarity initiatives enhance local social awareness), and second, the de-politicisation of the crisis and the experience of suffering (a liability that stems from the effectiveness of humanitarianism in ameliorating only temporarily the superficial consequences of the crisis). These two overlapping possibilities can help us problematise the contextual specificity and strategic employment of humanitarian solidarity in times of austerity

Les couples homosexuels et l'enregistrement de leur union: rapprochement avec les couples hétérosexuels et recherche comparative internationale.

FDR De bescherming van fundamentele rechten in een integrerend Europa ou

Gender-based violence against women in contemporary France: domestic violence and forced marriage policy since the Istanbul Convention

ABSTRACT: In 2014, France ratified the Council of Europe’s Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (the Istanbul Convention) and passed the Law for Equality between Women and Men to bring French law into line with it. The Law for Equality between Women and Men situates the fight against violence against women within a broader context of the need to address inequalities between women and men. This is not new at the international level, but it is new to France. When the structural, transformative understandings of violence against women found in international texts are translated into national laws, policy documents and implementation on the ground, they might challenge widespread ideas about gender relations, or they might be diluted in order to achieve consensus. To what extent has French violence against women policy moved into line with UN and Council of Europe initiatives which present violence against women as both a cause and a consequence of gendered power relations? Have internationally accepted concepts of gender and gender-based violence been incorporated into French policy debates and, if so, how? What implications, if any, does all this have for the continued struggle in France and elsewhere to eliminate violence a gainst women? RÉSUMÉ: En 2014, la France a ratifié la Convention du Conseil de l’Europe sur la prévention et la lutte contre la violence à l’égard des femmes et la violence domestique (dite Convention d’Istanbul) et a adopté dans la foulée la loi pour l’égalité réelle entre les femmes et les hommes afin de mettre en conformité la législation française. Cette loi place la lutte contre la violence à l’égard des femmes dans un contexte de lutte contre les inégalités de genre. Si cela est loin d’être une nouveauté à l’échelle internationale, cela l’est en France. Lorsque les conceptions structurelles et transformatrices de la violence à l’égard des femmes présentes dans les textes internationaux sont traduites à l’échelle nationale en lois, documents d’orientation et mesures de mise en œuvre sur le terrain, elles peuvent alors remettre en question des idées largement répandues sur les rapports de genre, ou au contraire être édulcorées afin d’aboutir à un consensus. Dans quelle mesure la politique de la France relative à la violence à l’égard des femmes s’est-elle alignée sur les initiatives de l’ONU et du Conseil de l’Europe qui présentent ce type de violence comme étant à la fois une cause et une conséquence des rapports de force liés au genre? Le genre et la violence fondée sur le genre, qui sont des concepts internationalement reconnus, ont-ils été intégrés dans les débats politiques français, et si oui, de quelle manière? Quelles en sont les implications le cas échéant sur la poursuite, en France et ailleurs, de la lutte pour éliminer la violence à l’égard des femmes

Peopling Global Health

The field of Global Health brings together a vastly diverse array of actors working to address pressing health issues worldwide with unprecedented financial and technological resources and informed by various agendas. While Global Health initiatives are booming and displacing earlier framings of the field (such as tropical medicine or international health), critical analyses of the social, political, and economic processes associated with this expanding field — an “open source anarchy” on the ground — are still few and far between. In this essay, we contend that, among the powerful players of Global Health, the supposed beneficiaries of interventions are generally lost from view and appear as having little to say or nothing to contribute. We make the case for a more comprehensive and people-centered approach and demonstrate the crucial role of ethnography as an empirical lantern in Global Health. By shifting the emphasis from diseases to people and environments, and from trickle-down access to equality, we have the opportunity to set a humane agenda that both realistically confronts challenges and expands our vision of the future of global communities