Intervención familiar en la esquizofrenia. Su diseminación en un área de salud.

Se presenta el proceso de diseminación de un programa de intervención familiar en la esquizofrenia en un área de salud, integrado en la asistencia habitual de la red de salud mental. Se discuten las razones que han hecho posible su implantación. Palabras clave: Intervención familiar, Psicoeducación, Esquizofrenia

Intervención familiar en la esquizofrenia. Su diseminación en un área de salud.

Se presenta el proceso de diseminación de un programa de intervención familiar en la esquizofrenia en un área de salud, integrado en la asistencia habitual de la red de salud mental. Se discuten las razones que han hecho posible su implantación. Palabras clave: Intervención familiar, Psicoeducación, Esquizofrenia

La interacción de procesos hidrológicos, químicos y microbiológicos en la formación de películas flotantes ricas en hierro en ambientes acuáticos de pH circumneutro

17 páginas.-- 3 figuras.-- 4 tablas.-- 53 referencias.-- Postprint (Versión editorial)[EN]: The direct contribution of microbial activity to the formation of iron-oxide minerals is difficult to prove in wetlands due to the high reactivity of solid iron phases with different compounds and the variety of redox processes that may occur at each oxic-anoxic boundary. Here, we propose an explanation for the formation of iron-oxide films in wetlands and groundwater seepage areas fed by sandy aquifers based on the interaction of hydrological, chemical and microbiological processes under circumneutral conditions. The presence of a floating iron-oxide film was found to create a boundary at the air-water interface that maintains a suboxic and slightly acidic environment below the film compared with the environments obtained in other free-film wetland areas. The water trapped below this film had an average pH of 6.1, was particularly poor in O2, HCO–3, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and Tot-S, and has high concentrations of Tot-P, Tot-Fe, NH+4 and Zn. The formation of a floating iron-oxide film was reproduced under anaerobic conditions after progressive enrichment through the incubation of natural sediment samples in the laboratory. Heterotrophic bacteria belonging to the genus Enterobacter were the dominant bacteria in the enrichments that resulted in the formation of a floating iron-oxide film. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the presence of two-line ferrihydrite was common to the iron-oxide films collected in both the natural environment and the laboratory cultures, whereas other iron-oxides (goethite and low-crystalline lepidocrocite) were observed only in the natural environment. This study highlights the role of ubiquitous bacteria, which are generally considered unimportant participants in iron-transformation processes in the environment, and the contribution of both biological and non-biological processes to iron oxidation in natural systems under circumneutral conditions.[ES]: En los humedales, es difícil probar que la actividad microbiana sea la responsable de la formación de óxido de hierro mineral debido, tanto a la gran reactividad del hierro en fase sólida con diferentes sustancias, como a la variedad de procesos redox que pueden ocurrir en cada interfase óxica-anóxica. El presente trabajo propone una explicación, basada en la interacción de procesos hidrológicos, químicos y microbiológicos en condiciones circumneutras, para explicar la formación de un film de óxido de hierro en humedales y manaderos donde aflora agua subterránea proveniente de acuíferos de arenas silíceas. Además, la presencia de un film de óxido de hierro que flota sobre la interfase agua-aire genera condiciones subóxicas y ligeramente ácidas en el agua que queda atrapada debajo, y que son muy distintas a otras zonas libres de film en el mismo humedal. Este agua atrapada bajo el film se caracterizó por presentar un pH medio de 6.1, una menor concentración de O2, HCO–3, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, y S total, pero una mayor riqueza en P total, Fe total, NH+4 y Zn. La formación de un film flotante de óxido de hierro se reprodujo en el laboratorio, en condiciones anaeróbicas, tras el enriquecimiento progresivo de las muestras del sedimento natural que habían sido incubadas. En dichos enriquecimientos, donde se produjeron films flotantes de óxido de hierro, la bacteria dominante perteneció al género Enterobacter. Mediante difracción por rayos X, se encontró ferrihidrita con estructura en doble cadena, tanto en el film de muestras naturales como de cultivos de laboratorio. Además se encontraron otros tipos de óxidos minerales (goetita y lepidocrocita de pobre cristalización) sólo en las muestras naturales de film. El presente estudio muestra la relevancia de bacterias ubicuas, hasta ahora consideradas sin importancia en procesos naturales de transformación del hierro, y la participación tanto de procesos bióticos como abióticos en la oxidación del hierro en sistemas naturales sometidos a condiciones circumneutras.We are grateful to Han Golterman for his support and suggestions. We thank Lotte Fleskens and Christien van der Zwart for collaborating with the sediment collection and P-fractionation at the laboratory. This study was partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (CGL2004-03927-C02-01/BOS)Peer reviewe

Experience about positive development program through outdoor activities

Las actividades físicas en el medio natural son un contexto privilegiado para contribuir al desarro-llo positivo de los adolescentes. El objetivo de la comunicación es presentar una experiencia en la que se ha diseñado, aplicado y evaluado un programa de desarrollo positivo en adolescentes, basado en el modelo de responsabilidad de Helli-son y en la pedagogía de la aventura, para pro-mover el desarrollo de competencias relativas al desarrollo personal y social, así como competen-cias profesionales, propias del alumnado que cursa el ciclo formativo de conducción de activi-dades físico-deportivas en el medio natural.Outdoor physical activities are an excellent context for fostering students’ positive development. This paper presents an activity that desinged, implemented and evaluate a positive development program for teenagers based on Hellison’s model of responsibility and adventure pedagogy to work personal and social competences, with students training to lead ourdoor physical and sporting activitie

100 Years of Immunotherapy: The Monaco Charter

Aims of the Monaco Charter: (1) to present the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) and to address the reasons for its underuse in clinical practice; (2) to develop strategies to increase the awareness about the benefits and the hazards of SIT in allergic patients, lay public and healthcare professionals not trained in allergy, and (3) to make SIT accessible and affordable to eligible patient

Monitoring the complex benthic habitat on semi-dark underwater marine caves using photogrammetry-based 3D reconstructions

Marine caves are dark environments considered a priority habitat for conservation included in the EU Habitats Directive (H8330). They harbor fragile benthic communities and represent a major reservoir of marine biodiversity. However, there is a lack of knowledge of these habitats due to the difficulties of creating detailed benthic maps and characterizing the biodiversity, structure, and dynamics of their communities. The uniqueness of marine caves fosters their popularity among recreational divers, who can cause disturbances through abrasion of the biota, resuspension of sediment, and accumulation of exhaled air bubbles in the caves' ceilings. This study aims to build a monitoring framework to characterize the structure and temporal dynamics of this complex habitat using Structurefrom- Motion (SfM) photogrammetry. SfM is a novel, non-invasive technique that allows a major advancement in the monitoring of changes in the cave’s community assemblages. This method relies on images acquired by 4K video footage to build fine-scaled 3D digital models of the substrate using overlapping imagery. For this study, we combined SfM photogrammetry and photo quadrats extracted from the video recordings. We evaluate the effectiveness of this methodology in a marine cave highly frequented by divers, located in Illa de l’Aire (Balearic Islands, Spain), and carried out two surveys before and after the diving season (2019-2021). As a result, we found a loss of 25 colonies of bryozoans with fragile skeletons, like Schizoretepora sp., and 8 individual sponges with globose morphotypes. Our results indicate that this methodology enables accurate and efficient monitoring of benthic communities in underwater caves that allow us to better understand their dynamics and, therefore, to develop the need management measures

MAPPING COMMUNITY INTEREST HABITATS IN THE COLUMBRETES ARCHIPELAGO, AN EXTRAORDINARY HOT SPOT OF BIODIVERSITY

The Columbretes Archipelago and their submerged surroundings are part of an unusual, Pleistocene volcanic field located in the Western Mediterranean designated as a Site of Community Importance (SCI) of the Natura 2000 Network. In the present study, 4 benthic habitats of community interest (1110, 1170, 1180 and 8330) have been identified by analyzing several sources of information. Generalized additive models (GAMs) have been used to model the potential distribution of reefs (1170) and maërl beds (1110). Our results highlight the diversity and extent of these habitats and allow comparisons to other marine SCIs of Spain. This can be attributed to the variability of the environment of this site. The Columbretes Islands combine a relatively shallow environment with volcanic structures, hydrothermalism with active degassing, current-driven sedimentary lobes and the influence of inland flows. Understanding high biodiversity spots is crucial as they offer natural laboratories to describe how ecosystems respond to the effects of global change. The knowledge obtained will be of paramount importance for the conservation of species and habitats. Furthermore, it will establish a baseline for future monitoring and assist in the development of effective management plans

CARB-ES-19 Multicenter Study of Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli From All Spanish Provinces Reveals Interregional Spread of High-Risk Clones Such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3.

CARB-ES-19 is a comprehensive, multicenter, nationwide study integrating whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (CP-Kpn) and E. coli (CP-Eco) to determine their incidence, geographical distribution, phylogeny, and resistance mechanisms in Spain. Methods: In total, 71 hospitals, representing all 50 Spanish provinces, collected the first 10 isolates per hospital (February to May 2019); CPE isolates were first identified according to EUCAST (meropenem MIC > 0.12 mg/L with immunochromatography, colorimetric tests, carbapenem inactivation, or carbapenem hydrolysis with MALDI-TOF). Prevalence and incidence were calculated according to population denominators. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the microdilution method (EUCAST). All 403 isolates collected were sequenced for high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing, core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST), and resistome analysis. Results: In total, 377 (93.5%) CP-Kpn and 26 (6.5%) CP-Eco isolates were collected from 62 (87.3%) hospitals in 46 (92%) provinces. CP-Kpn was more prevalent in the blood (5.8%, 50/853) than in the urine (1.4%, 201/14,464). The cumulative incidence for both CP-Kpn and CP-Eco was 0.05 per 100 admitted patients. The main carbapenemase genes identified in CP-Kpn were bla OXA-48 (263/377), bla KPC-3 (62/377), bla VIM-1 (28/377), and bla NDM-1 (12/377). All isolates were susceptible to at least two antibiotics. Interregional dissemination of eight high-risk CP-Kpn clones was detected, mainly ST307/OXA-48 (16.4%), ST11/OXA-48 (16.4%), and ST512-ST258/KPC (13.8%). ST512/KPC and ST15/OXA-48 were the most frequent bacteremia-causative clones. The average number of acquired resistance genes was higher in CP-Kpn (7.9) than in CP-Eco (5.5). Conclusion: This study serves as a first step toward WGS integration in the surveillance of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Spain. We detected important epidemiological changes, including increased CP-Kpn and CP-Eco prevalence and incidence compared to previous studies, wide interregional dissemination, and increased dissemination of high-risk clones, such as ST307/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3

Signaling Role of Fructose Mediated by FINS1/FBP in Arabidopsis thaliana

Sugars are evolutionarily conserved signaling molecules that regulate the growth and development of both unicellular and multicellular organisms. As sugar-producing photosynthetic organisms, plants utilize glucose as one of their major signaling molecules. However, the details of other sugar signaling molecules and their regulatory factors have remained elusive, due to the complexity of the metabolite and hormone interactions that control physiological and developmental programs in plants. We combined information from a gain-of-function cell-based screen and a loss-of-function reverse-genetic analysis to demonstrate that fructose acts as a signaling molecule in Arabidopsis thaliana. Fructose signaling induced seedling developmental arrest and interacted with plant stress hormone signaling in a manner similar to that of glucose. For fructose signaling responses, the plant glucose sensor HEXOKINASE1 (HXK1) was dispensable, while FRUCTOSE INSENSITIVE1 (FINS1), a putative FRUCTOSE-1,6-BISPHOSPHATASE, played a crucial role. Interestingly, FINS1 function in fructose signaling appeared to be independent of its catalytic activity in sugar metabolism. Genetic analysis further indicated that FINS1–dependent fructose signaling may act downstream of the abscisic acid pathway, in spite of the fact that HXK1–dependent glucose signaling works upstream of hormone synthesis. Our findings revealed that multiple layers of controls by fructose, glucose, and abscisic acid finely tune the plant autotrophic transition and modulate early seedling establishment after seed germination