Racial Differences in Depression Indicators Before and After 2008 Financial Crisis in a Sample of Older Adults

The present study was designed to examine patterns of mental health outcomes in older Black and White adults after the national 2008 financial crisis. The data was acquired from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study, a publicly available dataset. This longitudinal study has obtained data from a representative sample of approximately 20,000 older adults in America, aged 55 and older. The hypotheses were (1) rates of mental health indicators related to symptoms of depression will increase after the 2008 financial crisis and (2) that increase will be significantly higher in Black respondents compared to White respondents. The analysis revealed that Black participants displayed higher levels of the indicators of depression. However, the financial crisis had no significant influence on indicators of depression in this sample of older adults. Implications of the findings are discussed in terms of highlighting discrepancies in mental health for Black individuals. INDEX WORDS: Mental health, Racial disparities, Financial crisis, Gerontolog

Sumber Energi Listrik dengan Sistem Hybrid (Solar Panel dan Jaringan Listrik Pln)

Solar panel merupakan suatu terobosan baru dalam bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang hingga kini masih terus dikembangkan untuk kebutuhan manusia. Selain memiliki ketersediaan sumber energi yang melimpah, penggunaan teknologi solar panel ini juga ramah terhadap lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan dua sumber energi listrik, yaitu solar panel dan PLN. Solar panel merupakan sumber energi listrik cadangan yang akan disimpan pada sebuah baterai (akumulator) dan dapat digunakan pada saat sumber energi listrik utama (PLN) mengalami penurunan tegangan. Proses pergantian sumber tegangan yang digunakan ini dilakukan secara otomatis oleh mikrokontroler ATMega8 dan akan ditampilkan pada LCD sehingga dapat diketahui sumber energi mana yang sedang digunakan. Dari hasil percobaan, alat ini dirancang dapat menggantikan 2 sumber energi (solar panel dan jaringan listrik PLN) secara otomatis berdasarkan Perubahan tegangan PLN yang terjadi. Percobaan pemakaian baterai dengan beban 25 watt dapat digunakan selama 5 jam. Alat secara keseluruhan telah dapat digunakan dengan 2 sumber energi (solar panel dan jaringan listrik PLN) secara bergantia

Removal of luminal content protects the small intestine during hemorrhagic shock but is not sufficient to prevent lung injury.

The small intestine plays a key role in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure following circulatory shock. Current results show that reduced perfusion of the small intestine compromises the mucosal epithelial barrier, and the intestinal contents (including pancreatic digestive enzymes and partially digested food) can enter the intestinal wall and transport through the circulation or mesenteric lymph to other organs such as the lung. The extent to which the luminal contents of the small intestine mediate tissue damage in the intestine and lung is poorly understood in shock. Therefore, rats were assigned to three groups: No-hemorrhagic shock (HS) control and HS with or without a flushed intestine. HS was induced by reducing the mean arterial pressure (30 mmHg; 90 min) followed by return of shed blood and observation (3 h). The small intestine and lung were analyzed for hemorrhage, neutrophil accumulation, and cellular membrane protein degradation. After HS, animals with luminal contents had increased neutrophil accumulation, bleeding, and destruction of E-cadherin in the intestine. Serine protease activity was elevated in mesenteric lymph fluid collected from a separate group of animals subjected to intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. Serine protease activity was elevated in the plasma after HS but was detected in lungs only in animals with nonflushed lumens. Despite removal of the luminal contents, lung injury occurred in both groups as determined by elevated neutrophil accumulation, permeability, and lung protein destruction. In conclusion, luminal contents significantly increase intestinal damage during experimental HS, suggesting transport of luminal contents across the intestinal wall should be minimized

Transmural intestinal wall permeability in severe ischemia after enteral protease inhibition.

In intestinal ischemia, inflammatory mediators in the small intestine's lumen such as food byproducts, bacteria, and digestive enzymes leak into the peritoneal space, lymph, and circulation, but the mechanisms by which the intestinal wall permeability initially increases are not well defined. We hypothesize that wall protease activity (independent of luminal proteases) and apoptosis contribute to the increased transmural permeability of the intestine's wall in an acutely ischemic small intestine. To model intestinal ischemia, the proximal jejunum to the distal ileum in the rat was excised, the lumen was rapidly flushed with saline to remove luminal contents, sectioned into equal length segments, and filled with a tracer (fluorescein) in saline, glucose, or protease inhibitors. The transmural fluorescein transport was determined over 2 hours. Villi structure and epithelial junctional proteins were analyzed. After ischemia, there was increased transmural permeability, loss of villi structure, and destruction of epithelial proteins. Supplementation with luminal glucose preserved the epithelium and significantly attenuated permeability and villi damage. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors (doxycycline, GM 6001), and serine protease inhibitor (tranexamic acid) in the lumen, significantly reduced the fluorescein transport compared to saline for 90 min of ischemia. Based on these results, we tested in an in-vivo model of hemorrhagic shock (90 min 30 mmHg, 3 hours observation) for intestinal lesion formation. Single enteral interventions (saline, glucose, tranexamic acid) did not prevent intestinal lesions, while the combination of enteral glucose and tranexamic acid prevented lesion formation after hemorrhagic shock. The results suggest that apoptotic and protease mediated breakdown cause increased permeability and damage to the intestinal wall. Metabolic support in the lumen of an ischemic intestine with glucose reduces the transport from the lumen across the wall and enteral proteolytic inhibition attenuates tissue breakdown. These combined interventions ameliorate lesion formation in the small intestine after hemorrhagic shock

Analisa Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Brand Image, Dan Promosi Tergadap Minat Beli Pelanggan Pada Populer Bakery

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mendorong minat beli pelanggan pada Populer Bakery. Data - data dalam penelitian ini telah memenuhi persyaratan uji validitas dan reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, analisis deskriptif, analisis regresi linier berganda, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor Brand Image tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap minat beli, sedangkan kedua faktor lainnya yaitu faktor kualitas produk dan promosi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam menimbulkan minat beli pelanggan di Populer Bakery Sidoarjo

Features of digital socialization of primary school students in the context of different levels of Internet involvement

Nowadays, human life is greatly influenced by digitalization and informatization, which requires the reinterpretation of the matter of social formation and human development in the context of ontogenesis. From the moment of birth, a child lives in a mixed social and digital environment, which influences traditional socialization in one way or another. The researchers identify both positive and negative aspects of digital socialization of the younger generation. The authors of the present research analyzed the features of digital socialization of primary school students with different levels of Internet involvement. The experiment on the identification of Internet addiction involved 540 parents. The sample on the study of digital socialization included 316 primary school students aged 7 to 9. On the one hand, the results showed the preservation and demonstration of the content and methods of traditional socialization among younger students of all levels of Internet involvement in terms of digital socialization. This fact indicates the integration and combination of digital and traditional socialization. On the other hand, the increase in the levels of Internet involvement contributes to the replacement and transition from traditional socialization to a digital one

OncoLog Volume 50, Number 01, January 2005

New Perspectives on Brain Metastasis Out of the Darkroom Equity and Health House Call: Blood and Platelet Donors Give Life DiaLog: Cancer Pain Control in the New Millennium, by Allen W. Burton, MD, Section Chief, Cancer Pain Management Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicinehttps://openworks.mdanderson.org/oncolog/1146/thumbnail.jp

The Application Of Kohlbergs Moral Development Model To College Students Technology Ethics Decisions

This study examined undergraduate university students’ (n=121) responses to six ethical dilemmas within the realm of information technology (IT). Using a framework based on Kohlberg’s stages of moral development, the study evaluated the level of moral development as demonstrated in these responses. An apriori coding system was used to analyze the data. Two researchers independently assigned coding to the written responses in order to increase interrater reliability. The results are presented by student classification (freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior) and each individual scenario. They indicate a strong tendency for students to use the “good person” form of reasoning. This reasoning, however, did vary by scenario