Investment in health infrastructure as expression of sustainable development in new EU financial perspective: the case of Zachodniopomorskie voivodeship

Artykuł dotyczy zasady zrównoważonego rozwoju jako jednej z podstawowych zasad, które determinują nowy okres programowania Unii Europejskiej. Zasada zrównoważonego rozwoju odnosi się do człowieka, jego zdrowia i wykorzystania pracy ludzkiej jako jednego z komponentów zrównoważonego rozwoju. Środki Unii Europejskiej mają służyć realizacji tej zasady. W artykule dokonano oceny wsparcia rozwoju infrastruktury ochrony zdrowia finansowanej ze środków Unii Europejskiej w okresie programowania 2007-2013 na przykładzie województwa zachodniopomorskiego. Wskazano również, jak będzie realizowana zasada zrównoważonego rozwoju w ochronie zdrowia, w nowym okresie programowania.The paper is concerned with the principle of sustainable development as one of the basic principles that determine the new programming period of the EU. The idea of sustainable development applies to people, their health, and the use of human labour. The EU funds are designed to implement this principle. The author assesses the support given to the development of health infrastructure, financed from EU funds in the 2007-2013 programming period, based on the analysis of Zachodniopomorskie (West Pomeranian) province. It is also indicated how the principle of sustainable development will be implemented in health care in the new programming [email protected]ł Finansów i Bankowości, Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa w Poznaniu6(72)13715

"Buszel", "kombajner", and "rels": Fisiak’s 1961 corpus of English borrowings in Polish fifty five years later

The onset of Professor Jacek Fisiak’s scholarly career is marked by his 1961 Ph.D. dissertation devoted to the lexical influence of English upon Polish. This study, conducted 55 years ago, offers a multilayered analysis and sets the standards of studies on lexical transfer from English to Polish for the years to come. The present article is a tribute to Fisiak’s first scholarly endeavor; it examines the fate of lexical items comprising Fisiak’s corpus in the second decade of the 21st century. More specifically, by conducting searches in the National Corpus of Polish as well as a Google search, the paper checks which borrowings to the Polish language listed and scrutinized by Fisiak gained popularity, which fell out of use, and which underwent semantic changes

Pulmonary Open, Robotic and Thoracoscopic Lobectomy (PORTaL) Study: An Analysis of 5,721 Cases

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze outcomes of open lobectomy (OL), video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy (VATS) and robotic-assisted lobectomy (RL). Summary background data: Robotic-assisted lobectomy has seen increasing adoption for treatment of early-stage lung cancer. Comparative data regarding these approaches is largely from single-institution case series or administrative datasets. Methods: Retrospective data was collected from 21 institutions from 2013-2019. All consecutive cases performed for clinical stage IA-IIIA lung cancer were included. Neoadjuvant cases were excluded. Propensity-score matching (1:1) was based on age, gender, race, smoking-status, FEV1%, Zubrod score, ASA score, tumor size and clinical T and N stage. Results: A total of 2,391 RL, 2,174 VATS, and 1,156 OL cases were included. After propensity-score matching there were 885 pairs of RL vs. OL, 1,711 pairs of RL vs. VATS, and 952 pairs of VATS vs. OL. Operative time for RL was shorter than VATS (p \u3c 0.0001) and OL (p = 0.0004). Compared to OL, RL and VATS had less overall postoperative complications, shorter hospital stay (LOS), and lower transfusion rates (all p \u3c 0.02). Compared to VATS, RL had lower conversion rate (p \u3c 0.0001), shorter hospital stay (p \u3c 0.0001) and a lower postoperative transfusion rate (p = 0.01). RL and VATS cohorts had comparable postoperative complication rates. In-hospital mortality was comparable between all groups. Conclusions: RL and VATS approaches were associated with favorable perioperative outcomes compared to OL. Robotic-assisted lobectomy was also associated with a reduced length of stay and decreased conversion rate when compared to VATS

On the combinatorial rank of quantum groups

Seja g uma álgebra de Lie simples de tipo G2 ou F4. Nesta tese calculamos o posto combinatório da parte positiva da versão multiparâmetro do pequeno grupo quântico de Lusztig u+ q (g).Let g be a simple Lie algebra of type G2 or F4. In this thesis we calculate the combinatorial rank of the positive part of the multiparameter version of the small Lusztig quantum group u+ q (g)

Lexical borrowings and calques from African American slang in Polish youth slang – A study based on a selected internet forum

The aim of the article is to present a very preliminary chunk of a wider study of Polish slang, whose aim is to pinpoint lexical influence of American English in broad terms and the usage and understanding among Polish youngsters of various types of borrowings. More specifically, the authors have concentrated on the borrowings of words, phrases and meanings from a sociolect known as African American English to the language of Polish youngsters. To this end, the largest Polish hardcore punk Internet forum has been scrutinized. The conducted analysis points to a discernible, albeit not significant lexical influence of the sociolect on the Polish youth slang, which calls for a more nuanced, survey-based analysis the authors wish to undertake as part of their research project

Ohio\u27s Brownfield Problem and Possible Solutions: What is Required for a Successful Brownfield Initiative?

This Comment intends to survey the current state of Ohio’s brownfield redevelopment programs. It also examines the successes and failures of other states’ brownfield redevelopment efforts in order to uncover the elements of success common to a comprehensive brownfield redevelopment plan. Part II discusses the environmental, economic, and social problems that are associated with brownfield sites. Part III examines the impediments to brownfield redevelopment. Part IV illuminates the federal government’s efforts aimed at the brownfield problem. Part V provides an overview of Ohio’s current brownfield redevelopment programs. Part VI discusses the ingredients of a successful state brownfield redevelopment initiative through the examination of successful brownfield redevelopment programs in existence. This Comment suggests that a comprehensive brownfield redevelopment plan includes: releases from liability, structured standards and controls regarding cleanup, funding and financing assistance, and community participation

Nadwyżka operacyjna a decyzje finansowe jednostek samorządu terytorialnego

The article focuses on the importance of free cash flow (operating surplus), which in LGU became one of the main parameters determining the possibility of spending more than the level of budget revenues. The main objective of the article is to analyze and assess the impact of the operating surplus (balance of free cash flow) on the investment and financial decisions of the local government. The paper analyzes, in general terms, all types of territorial self-government units: communities, cities with poviat status and voivodeship in the 2001–2015 range. Financial data was derived from the Bestia’s reporting system. Conclusions drawn from the research conducted clearly show that the operating surplus is not so significant in the scope of financing the capital expenditure, but is of paramount importance in terms of the possibility of incurring liabilities by local governments in the context of the rigors of the Public Finance Act.Problematyka artykułu dotyczy znaczenia wolnych środków (nadwyżki operacyjnej), które w JST stają się jednym z istotniejszych parametrów warunkujących możliwości ponoszenia wydatków przekraczających poziom dochodów budżetowych. Głównym celem artykułu jest analiza i ocena wpływu występowania w budżecie nadwyżki operacyjnej (strumienia wolnych środków w ujęciu bilansowym) na decyzje inwestycyjne i finansowe JST. Dokonano analizy w ujęciu ogólnym wszystkich rodzajów JST, tj. gmin, miast na prawach powiatu oraz województw samorządowych w latach 2001–2015. Dane finansowe zaczerpnięto z systemu sprawozdawczego Bestia. Wnioski wyciągnięte w oparciu o przeprowadzone badania wyraźnie wskazują, że nadwyżka operacyjna nie ma tak istotnego znaczenia w zakresie możliwości finansowania wydatków majątkowych, ale ma pierwszorzędne znaczenie w zakresie możliwości zaciągania zobowiązań przez JST w kontekście rygorów ustawy o finansach publicznych

Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 OPEN ACCESS Difference on cone size preferences between two coniferous species by Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major)

ABSTRACT The number of species that specialize in pre-dispersal seed predation is relatively small. Examples of specialized pre-dispersal seed predators adapted to feeding on closed cones include vertebrate species like Crossbills, Squirrels, Nutcrackers and Woodpeckers. Seed predation selects against certain phenotypic features of cones and favors another phenotypic features. In this study, we document preferences of the Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) for specific traits in the cones of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). We found that the Great Spotted Woodpecker prefers to feed on medium sized Norway spruce cones. The results suggest a disruptive selection that favors the extreme cone lengths in Norway spruce. In Scots pine, the woodpeckers avoided cones with large apophyses. Further, the selectivity for the specific characteristics of the cones is probably related to the configuration of the anvil, a place at which woodpeckers extract seeds from the cones. We think that the Great Spotted Woodpecker preferences in relation to the morphological characteristics of cones are a key to the design of the anvil in order to maximize the use of it as a tool for processing cones of both the Norway spruce and the Scots pine

Do European Union funds have an impact on the volume of corporate lending? The case of the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland

Purpose: The research problem of this article is to determine the existence of a direct relationship between the EU funds spent and the volume of bank lending in the corporate sector in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland. Design/Methodology/Approach: The statistical analysis aimed to achieve the objective of this study consisted in revealing some interesting associations between the variables: EU funding to individual countries and lending to non-financial companies in the category of short and long-term loans. A linear regression analysis procedure was carried out, and an additional tool to support the course of the study was a relationship analysis measured by the Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient of the individual variables. Findings: The research hypothesis adopted was that EU funds significantly modify the market for credit services offered by banks and, therefore, EU funds have an impact on the volume of bank lending in the corporate sector. The absorption of EU funds, based on the observation of their disbursements in the countries concerned which are members of the Community, demonstrates basically a similar regularity. This is consistent with the process of the implementation of programmes under particular EU perspectives. However, EU funding for the Czech Republic and Slovakia has a similar structure, and it can be seen that an increase in funding is in line with a decrease in lending (short-term loans) while this phenomenon does not occur in Poland. Practical Implications: The research results can be used by EU funds disposers as well as by banks authorities to create their future policy. Originality/Value: Original research.peer-reviewe