Verimliliğin Genel Performans Üzerindeki

ABSTRACT There are strong relationship between measuring of performance systems and real performance of firm ıf the measuring criteria one good for purpose of firm, it will be succesful in order to reflect the real performance in the same degree.In this study prodoctivity criterion, production system of West Mechain Industry (WMI) and "Model of Riggs" which is one of the measuring systems of performance were examined. After that, it was applied to production systems of WMI and general performance of WMI were determined.On the other hand, performance of productivity was examined and results determined by using date belonged to May-October 1997 period were compared with result of application of Riggs Model.As a result, it was determined that, productivity criterion did not reflect general performance of firm completely and show any increase, but general performance showed increasing tendency.İşletmelerin performans ölçme sistemleri ile gerçek performansları arasında güçlü bir bağ vardır. Ölçme kriterleri ne kadar şirket amaçlarına uygun olursa, gerçek performansını yansıtmasında da o derece başarılı olacaktır. Bu çalışmada; verimlilik ölçütü ile birlikte, Batı Makina Kalıp Sanayi A.Ş. (BMS) üretim sistemi ve performans ölçüm sistemlerinden "Riggs Modeli" teorik olarak incelenerek, BMS üretim sistemine uygulanmış ve BMS' nin genel performansı değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca, BMS' nin verimlilik performansı incelenmiş, Mayıs-Ekim 1997 dönemine ait veriler kullanılarak elde edilen sonuçlar Riggs modeli uygulamasının sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak verimlilik kriterinin işletmenin genel performansını tam olarak yansıtmadığı ve gelişme göstermediği, ancak genel performansının giderek artan bir eğilim gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir

The relationship between knowledge capital, spillover effects and labor productivity

In growth literature the part and the variations of the growth rates unexplained by the changes in the amount of labor and capital, named as Solow Residual, has been continuing to be one of the main concerns. Technological advances and improvements in human capital have been the main candidates in investigating the sources of the unexplained part of the growth phenomenon. However the channels through which technology is transferred among countries still need more investigation. Most part of the literature is focused on the Total Factor Productivity (TFP), the main determinants of which are considered to be the research and development (R & D) and human capital. More recently spillover effects as the way to transfer the technology through the import of capital and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) have become the central theme. Spillover effects through capital goods imports and domestic R&D capital stock on labor productivity are empirically investigated in this study for 23 countries between 2002 and 2011. Results of panel data analysis indicated that technology transfer is significant and positive for a large and heterogeneous sample. However, capital goods imports do not cause a knowledge transfer from G7 economies to countries with relatively and significantly lower level of productivity. The paper is expected to contribute the literature by using labor productivity instead of total factor productivity when the effects of externalities are investigated in samples with different set of countries

INTERVAL VERSUS CONTINUOUS SMALL-SIDED SOCCER GAMES WITH SAME PITCH SIZE AND NUMBER OF PLAYERS

The aim of the study compared effects of intermittent and continuous small-sided games (SSGs) on physiological and technical activities in soccer players. Totally 16 male amateur soccer players (Mean age: 22.37±1.69 years, height: 170.89±5.96 cm and body mass: 67.37±7.47 kg) were recruited as participants. Subjects were separated in 4 groups of 4 players according to the Yo-Yo test results and their coaches' comments. Four-a-side SSGs were used in a pitch size of 26 m x 34 m and 2 different small-sided games were used in this study. Intermittent SSG (ISSG) included a series of 3 bouts of 6 min duration with 3 min recovery between sets. Continuous SSG (CSSG) was a bout of 18 min duration with no recovery. Heart rate (HR), the rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and blood lactate concentration (LA) were measured as physical parameters and shoot on target, total pass, accurate pass, inaccurate pass, interception, dribbling, tackle, and possessing the ball were counted by Mathball Match Analyses System. A repeated measures ANOVA method, paired and unpaired tests were used to analyses data. The results of this study suggest that SSGs might cause increases of HR, RPE, and LA and that intermittent and continuous SSGs might not bring about an alteration on HR, RPE and LA

Investigation of Molecular Mechanisms of Carbapenemase Producing Acinetobacter baumannii complex Isolates Isolated from Blood Cultures

INTRODUCTION: It was aimed to determine the presence of metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL) and oxacillinases (OXA) enzymes in Acinetobacter baumannii complex (ABC) isolates, which show decreased sensitivity to carbapenems isolated from blood cultures and to investigate the relationships of isolates among each other and with European clones (EU) I, II, III. METHODS: The study included ABC isolate which has reduced sensitivity to at least one of either imipenem or meropenem which was isolated from blood samples obtained from 74 patients who were admitted to the hospital between 2008 and 2009. Identification of isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibilities were performed using BD Phoenix Automated System (Becton-Dickinson, USA). OXA and MBL genes were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The clonal relationship of the isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method. RESULTS: MBL genes and blaOXA-24-like gene were not determined in any of the isolates. blaOXA-51-like was detected in all isolates, blaOXA-58-like gene in 32 isolates and blaOXA-23-like gene in 26 isolates. Using PFGE method, it was detected that fifty-five blood isolates carrying the blaOXA23-like and/or blaOXA-58-like gene were clustered under six clusters. The similarity of EU clones with clinical ABC isolates in the clusters was found to be over 90%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: ABC isolates producing oxacillinase in our hospital; The presence of association with EU clone III, which is reported very rarely in our country, and the detection of possible related isolates with EU clones I and II show the potential for the spread of these clones in our hospital and in our country

The relatıonshıp between r&d capıtal, spıllover effects and labor productıvıty

ÖZETARGE SERMAYESİ, YAYILMA ETKİSİ VE EMEK VERİMLİLİĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİBu tezde sermaye malları ithalatı yoluyla yayılma etkisi ve yurt içi ARGE sermayesinin emek verimliliği üzerindeki etkisi 2002 – 2011 yılları arasında 23 ülke için ampirik olarak incelenmiştir. Panel veri analizinin sonuçları büyük bir örneklem için teknoloji transferinin anlamlı ve olumlu olduğunu göstermiştir. Dışsallığın, G7 ülkelerinin arasında var olduğu ayrıca kanıtlanmıştır. Ancak sermaye malları ithalatı yoluyla oluşan teknoloji transferi G7 ekonomilerinden önemli ölçüde daha düşük emek verimliliği olan ülkelere doğru anlamlı bir etki oluşturmamaktadır. Bu tez, toplam faktör verimliliği yerine emek verimliliğini farklı ülke gruplarında dışsallığın etkisini ölçmekte kullanarak literature katkıda bulunmuştur.ABSTRACTTHE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN R&D CAPITAL, SPILLOVER EFFECTS AND LABOR PRODUCTIVITYSpillover effects through capital goods imports and the effect of domestic R&D capital stock on labor productivity is empirically investigated in this thesis for 23 countries between 2002 and 2011. Results of panel data analysis indicated that technology transfer is significant and positive for a large sample. Externalities also exist between G7 economies. However, capital goods imports do not cause a knowledge transfer from G7 economies to countries with relatively and significantly lower level of productivity. The thesis contributed the literature by using labor productivity instead of total factor productivity in order to investigate the effects of externalities in samples with different set of countries

The relatıonshıp between r&d capıtal, spıllover effects and labor productıvıty

ARGE SERMAYESİ, YAYILMA ETKİSİ VE EMEK VERİMLİLİĞİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ Bu tezde sermaye malları ithalatı yoluyla yayılma etkisi ve yurt içi ARGE sermayesinin emek verimliliği üzerindeki etkisi 2002 – 2011 yılları arasında 23 ülke için ampirik olarak incelenmiştir. Panel veri analizinin sonuçları büyük bir örneklem için teknoloji transferinin anlamlı ve olumlu olduğunu göstermiştir. Dışsallığın, G7 ülkelerinin arasında var olduğu ayrıca kanıtlanmıştır. Ancak sermaye malları ithalatı yoluyla oluşan teknoloji transferi G7 ekonomilerinden önemli ölçüde daha düşük emek verimliliği olan ülkelere doğru anlamlı bir etki oluşturmamaktadır. Bu tez, toplam faktör verimliliği yerine emek verimliliğini farklı ülke gruplarında dışsallığın etkisini ölçmekte kullanarak literature katkıda bulunmuştur. ABSTRACT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN R&D CAPITAL, SPILLOVER EFFECTS AND LABOR PRODUCTIVITY Spillover effects through capital goods imports and the effect of domestic R&D capital stock on labor productivity is empirically investigated in this thesis for 23 countries between 2002 and 2011. Results of panel data analysis indicated that technology transfer is significant and positive for a large sample. Externalities also exist between G7 economies. However, capital goods imports do not cause a knowledge transfer from G7 economies to countries with relatively and significantly lower level of productivity. The thesis contributed the literature by using labor productivity instead of total factor productivity in order to investigate the effects of externalities in samples with different set of countries

Embodied technology flow : investigation of a missing link

Bu tez, çeşitli ekonomilerdeki endüstriler arasındaki ara mal işlemleri yoluyla somutlaştırılmış teknoloji akışlarını incelemekte ve bunların inovasyonla olan bağlantılarına ilişkin belirsizliğe odaklanmaktadır. Araştırma sermayesi için bir yakınlık mekanizması olarak girdi-çıktı tablolarını kullanıyoruz ve üretim fonksiyonu yaklaşımını kullanıyoruz. Ampirik model, emek verimliliği ve bilgi üretimini ölçen iki denklemden oluşur ve ikincisi, verimliliğin açıklayıcı değişkeni olarak ölçülür. Somutlaştırılmış araştırma transferinin, endüstriler arasındaki ara mal işlemleri yoluyla emek verimliliği üzerindeki doğrudan etkisi ile bilgi yaratma yoluyla dolaylı etkisini karşılaştırıyoruz. Bilgi üretimi yoluyla teknoloji transferinin doğrudan ve dolaylı kullanımıyla emek verimliliğinin arttığını gözlemliyoruz. GMM sonuçları, sunduğumuz sistemi desteklemektedir, bu da somutlaştırılmış teknoloji yayılmalarının her iki kanalının da önemli olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca örneklemdeki her bir ekonomi için teknoloji transfer ağlarını yapıları açısından analiz ediyoruz. Hizmet endüstrileri, teknoloji tedarikçisi ve alıcısı olarak önemli bir role sahiptir. Yüksek ve orta-yüksek teknoloji endüstrileri, teknoloji tedarikçileri olarak merkezilikleriyle öne çıkıyor.This thesis examines embodied technology flows through intermediate good transactions between industries in various economies and focuses on the ambiguity about their link to innovation. We use input-output tables as a proximity mechanism for research capital and utilize production function approach. The empirical model consists of two equations measuring labor productivity and knowledge production, and the latter is measured as the explanatory variable of productivity. We compare direct effect of embodied research transfer on labor productivity through intermediate good transactions between industries and its indirect effect via knowledge creation. We observe that labor productivity soars with direct and indirect utilization of technology transfer via knowledge production. GMM results support the system we introduce, indicating that both channels of embodied technology spillovers are significant. We also analyse technology transfer networks in terms of their structures for each economy in the sample. Service industries have prominent role as supplier and customer technology. High and medium-high technology industries come forward as central suppliers of research