MOTIVATING EFFECT OF ADVERTISEMENTS ON CHILD PERCEPTION: YOGHURT ADVERTISEMENTS AS A CASE SAMPLE

The effects of advertisements on both adults and children in terms of determining consumption tendency, perception of social role models, articulation of and separation from established cultural/ societal values are among the subject of discourse in the scientific sphere. However, there are significant differences between the levels of being influenced of advertisements by adults and children. Naturally adults have a much more advantageous position in understanding the ad’s purpose or that the broadcast/published image is an ad or piece of fiction. Among the commercials in both print and visual media aimed to increase the sales of a product by making it known, the ads related to food sector are perhaps the most important fictional constructs, as they are influential on general consumption tendencies. In this sense, declaring the negative health effects of some advertised products gains more importance. For example, according to Consumers’ Association officials argued that gelatine coming from pork was being used to produce yoghurt, and the Ministry of Health was then concerned about the claims. Additionally, officials from the Ministry of Education emphasise that children are not aware, the purpose of commercials are “to sell more products”, and they are targeted by many different commercials about take-home foods including flavoured yoghurt. The main aim of this article is to focus on the ways children’s mental and physical development is shaped by yoghurt advertisements

MOTIVATING EFFECT OF ADVERTISEMENTS ON CHILD PERCEPTION: YOGHURT ADVERTISEMENTS AS A CASE SAMPLE

The effects of advertisements on both adults and children in terms of determining consumption tendency, perception of social role models, articulation of and separation from established cultural/ societal values are among the subject of discourse in the scientific sphere. However, there are significant differences between the levels of being influenced of advertisements by adults and children. Naturally adults have a much more advantageous position in understanding the ad’s purpose or that the broadcast/published image is an ad or piece of fiction. Among the commercials in both print and visual media aimed to increase the sales of a product by making it known, the ads related to food sector are perhaps the most important fictional constructs, as they are influential on general consumption tendencies. In this sense, declaring the negative health effects of some advertised products gains more importance. For example, according to Consumers’ Association officials argued that gelatine coming from pork was being used to produce yoghurt, and the Ministry of Health was then concerned about the claims. Additionally, officials from the Ministry of Education emphasise that children are not aware, the purpose of commercials are “to sell more products”, and they are targeted by many different commercials about take-home foods including flavoured yoghurt. The main aim of this article is to focus on the ways children’s mental and physical development is shaped by yoghurt advertisements

The relation between learning and study strategies and academic achievement of preservice teachers

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı 2006- 2007 eğitim-öğretim yılında öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme ve ders çalışma stratejileri ile akademik başarıları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Muğla Üniversitesi ve Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi'nin Eğitim Fakültesi Sınıf Öğretmenliği Bölümü'nün 1. ve 4. sınıflarında öğrenim gören toplam 589 öğrenci arasından oranlı örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 300 öğrenci örneklemde yer almıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, öğrencilerin kişisel özelliklerini içeren sorulardan oluşturulmuş Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Weinstein, Schulte ve Palmer (1987) tarafından geliştirilen, Köymen (1990) tarafından geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılan (alfa katsayısı .96) Öğrenme ve Ders Çalışma Stratejileri Envanteri ile elde edilmiştir. Bulguların değerlendirilmesinde; yüzdelik, tek yönlü varyans analizi, bağımsız örneklemler t-testi, Scheffe, Dunnett's C testleri kullanılmış ve Pearson katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucuna göre; öğretmen adaylarının akademik başarıları sınıflara, cinsiyete, yaş gruplarına, mezun olunan lise türlerine, mezun olunan lise bölümlerine ve düzenli ders çalışma durumlarına göre istatistiksel olarak p<.05 düzeyinde anlamlı bir biçimde farklılaşmaktadır. Diğer yandan öğretmen adaylarının akademik başarıları üniversitelere, bölümü tercih etme sıralarına, ders çalışılan yere ve sınav öncesi ders çalışma durumlarına göre farklılaşmamaktadır. Ayrıca öğrencilerin öğrenme ve ders çalışma stratejileri, ders çalışılan yere göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir farklılık göstermezken, üniversite, sınıf, cinsiyet, yaş grubu, mezun olunan lise türü, mezun olunan lise bölümü, bölümü tercih sırası, düzenli ders çalışma durumu ve sınav öncesi çalışma durumu açısından anlamlı (p<.05) bir biçimde değişmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra öğretmen adayları öğrenim gördüğü üniversite, cinsiyet ve sınıf değişkenleri açısından ayrı ayrı ele alındığında kullandıkları öğrenme ve ders çalışma stratejileri ile ÖSS puanları, lise diploma ortalamaları ve akademik başarı puanları arasında anlamlı ancak düşük düzeyde ilişkiler olduğu saptanmıştır.The main purpose of this study is to examine the relation between learning and study strategies and academic achievement of preservice teachers in the academic semester of 2006-2007. 300 students were selected for the reason of taking apart in the sample of the study through ratio sampling method among 589 first and fourth year students in the Faculty of Education of Adnan Menderes University, Muğla University and Dokuz Eylül University. Data was obtained by personal information form, which contains questions about students' personal qualifications and Learning, and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI) which was developed by Weinstein, Schulte and Palmer (1987) and examined for its validity and reliability by Köymen. Croanbach Alpha coefficient was found .96 for the Inventory. Percentage, one way Anova, independent samples t- test, Scheffe, Dunnett's C tests were used and Pearson coefficients were calculated for the evaluation of findings. As a result of the study; It was found a significant difference (p<.05) among preservice teachers academic achievement ,their sex, age groups, graduated high school type, graduated high school department and regular studying activities. On the other hand, there was no significant difference found among preservice teachers academic achievement, attended university, their sequence of department preferences ,their study areas and studying situations before exams. Moreover, while it was found no significant difference between preservice teachers learning and study strategies and their study areas; there was significant difference (p<.05) was found among attended university, their class, sex, age groups, graduated high school type, graduated high school department, their sequence of department preferences, regular studying activities and studying situation before exams. It was also found a low significant difference among learning and study strategies, OSS scores, high school degrees and academic achievement scores, when considered separately in terms of preservice teachers' attended university, sex and class level variables

Sub-femtotesla scalar atomic magnetometer using multipass cells

Scalar atomic magnetometers have many attractive features but their sensitivity has been relatively poor. We describe a Rb scalar gradiometer using two multi-pass optical cells. We use a pump-probe measurement scheme to suppress spin-exchange relaxation and two probe pulses to find the spin precession zero crossing times with a resolution of 1 psec. We realize magnetic field sensitivity of 0.54 fT/Hz$^{1/2}$, which improves by an order of magnitude the best scalar magnetometer sensitivity and surpasses the quantum limit set by spin-exchange collisions for a scalar magnetometer with the same measurement volume operating in a continuous regime.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

Correlation function of spin noise due to atomic diffusion

We use paramagnetic Faraday rotation to study spin noise spectrum from unpolarized Rb vapor in a tightly focused probe beam in the presence of N$_2$ buffer gas. We derive an analytical form for the diffusion component of the spin noise time-correlation function in a Gaussian probe beam. We also obtain analytical forms for the frequency spectrum of the spin noise in the limit of a tightly focused or a collimated Gaussian beam in the presence of diffusion. In particular, we find that in a tightly focused probe beam the spectral lineshape can be independent of the buffer gas pressure. Experimentally, we find good agreement between the calculated and measured spin noise spectra for N$_2$ gas pressures ranging from 56 to 820 torr.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

SOCIAL PROJECT AGAINST OTHERING: “THE RYHTHM OF LOVE”

Although the numbers differ it is estimated about 600.000- 1.000.000 Gypsy oriented citizen live within the borders of Turkey. The gypsies have first moved to Anatolia in the 16th century but many gypsy families have brought into Turkey after the Lausanne Treaty. Gypsies as well as the Jews were the first two minority groups who have adopted and internalized the Turkish identity enforced by the Kemalist politicians. Unfortunately it seems the gypsy attempt towards the acceptance of Turkish National and religious identity does not damp the othering process which the gypsies face with in Turkey. The social right to accomplish educational facilities without being supressed by secret boundaries created in the Turkish Society is one of the major disadvantages of the gypsy society today. This paper will discuss a social project being carried out by TOG (Volunteers of the Society Foundation) at Bandırma region which fight against the othering process gypsy youngsters have to face with throughout their educational life. “The Ryhtm of Love Project” tries to give an opportunity to the gypsian youngsters who continue their educational life by improving their musical talents within their spare times. The project also proved out those gypsian students who is participating the project have both improved their educational- social talents and began to sweep out the difficulties they came across on the way up to their university careers

Closed form Greens functions for general sources and stratified media

Cataloged from PDF version of article.The closed-form Green's functions of the vector and scalar potentials in the spatial domain are presented for the sources of horizontal electric, magnetic, and vertical electric, magnetic dipoles embedded in general, multilayer, planar media. First, the spectral domain Green's functions in an arbitrary layer are derived analytically from the Green's functions in the source layer by using a recursive algorithm. Then, the spatial domain Green's functions are obtained by adding the contributions of the direct terms, surface waves, and complex images approximated by the Generalized Pencil of Functions Method (GPOF). In the derivations, the main emphasis is to put these closed-form representations in a suitable form for the solution of the mixed potential integral equation (MPIE) by the method of moments in a general three-dimensional geometry. The contributions of this paper are: 1) providing the complete set of closed-form Green's functions in spectral and spatial domains for general stratified media; 2) using the GPOF method, which is more robust and less noise sensitive, in the derivation of the closed-form spatial domain Green's functions; and 3) casting the closed-form Green's functions in a form to provide efficient applications of the method of moments. © 1995 IEE

Mutual coupling of printed elements on a cylindrically layered structure using closed-form Green's functions

A hybrid method to calculate mutual coupling of electric or magnetic current elements on a cylindrically layered structure using closed-form Green's functions is presented. When rho = rho' and phi is not very close to phi', closed-form Green's functions are employed in the calculation of MoM matrix entries. When both rho = rho' and phi = phi', series representation of the spectral domain Green's functions do not converge, therefore closed-form Green's functions can not be employed. In that case MoM matrix entries are evaluated using the proposed hybrid method. The technique is applied to both printed dipoles and slots placed on a layered cylindrical structures. The computational efficiency of the analysis of mutual coupling of printed elements on cylindrically layered geometries is increased with the use of proposed hybrid method which employs closed-form Green's functions

Morphology and anatomy of Hedysarum pannosum (Boiss.) Boiss. (Fabaceae)

The aim of this paper is to investigate morphological, anatomical, palynological, fruit and seed micromorphological properties of Hedysarum pannosum (Boiss.) Boiss. A detailed description of the species is reported for the first time in this study. The morphological features of the species have been compared with the results of previous investigations. Anatomical studies have been carried out on cross- sections of roots, stems, leaflets and petioles. The anatomical results show that the plants have secondary growth roots, protruding stems, amphistomatic and equifacial leaves with tannin, triangular shaped petioles. Hedysarum pannosum pollen are tricolpate, prolate and pollen exine ornamentation is reticulate. Fruits have trichomes on their setae and tomentose trichomes have papillae. Seeds are reniform and they have rugolo-reticulate ornamentation