Influencia de estrategias lúdico - didácticas en la resolución de problemas matemáticos en los estudiantes del segundo grado de educación secundaria de LA I.E. “Víctor Andrés Belaúnde” del distrito de Chancay provincia de San Marcos, 2018

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia de la aplicación de las estrategias lúdico – didácticas en la resolución de problemas matemáticos en los estudiantes del segundo grado de educación secundaria de la I. E. “Víctor Andrés Belaúnde” del distrito de Chancay provincia de San Marcos, 2018. Es una investigación aplicada, de tipo explicativo (causa – efecto), pertenece al paradigma positivista, enfoque cuantitativo, diseño cuasiexperimental (con grupo control y experimental), con una muestra no probabilística – por conveniencia constituida por 30 estudiantes. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó como instrumentos una prueba de entrada y una prueba de salida, elaborada por la autora y validada por el método de juicio de expertos. Las conclusiones del estudio confirman que las estrategias lúdico – didácticas influyen significativamente en la resolución de problemas matemáticos de los estudiantes del segundo grado de educación secundaria de la I.E. “Víctor Andrés Belaúnde” del distrito de Chancay provincia de San Marcos 2018, a un nivel de significancia del 95% y un p-valor = 0,000 < 0,05; con una media en la prueba de entrada de 7 y en la prueba de salida de 15 con una diferencia de 8 puntos en el grupo experimental

Correlación clínica- ecocardiográfica de siete patologías cardíacas prevalentes en la edad pediátrica: material didáctico

Las cardiopatías congénitas representan una causa importante de morbimortalidad, especialmente en la edad pediátrica. Su estudio y comprensión hacen posible un diagnóstico precoz y un tratamiento oportuno, factores fundamentales para brindar a los niños una mejor calidad de vida y un aumento en la tasa de sobrevivencia. Con el objetivo de proveer tanto a estudiantes de pregrado y postgrado de Medicina, así como al Médico General y al Pediatra de las herramientas adecuadas para el ejercicio de su responsabilidad en el dominio de dichas patologías, se ha diseñado un CD de aprendizaje didáctico y ameno para su estudio. Este instrumento sirve para identificar los síntomas y los hallazgos auscultatorios característicos de cada enfermedad. De esta manera, se podrá hacer un diagnóstico clínico que posteriormente se confirme con estudios de electrocardiografía, radiología, ecocardiografía, etc. El diagnóstico acertado en nuestros pacientes permitirá definir si su manejo corresponde al ámbito pediátrico o amerita la oportuna remisión al especialista en Cardiología Pediátrica.Abstract. Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are important cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Therefore, its study and understanding enable us early diagnosis and timely treatment. These aspects mean to these children a better outcome and a better quality of life. The aim of this work is to give to the Pediatrician, Medical students and General Physician a practical tool through an interactive CD that allows to them a practical approach of the more frequent pathologies found in childhood. This tool shows the main clinical aspects that allows to this physicians to identify these pathologies. This is the first clinical approach to these patients that must be complimented with non invasive studies: electrocardiography, echocardiography and Thorax X-Ray (The main features of these non invasive studies found in the considered pathologies are shown in this CD). This approach allows us to decide on an appropriate treatment of children with CHD.Otr

Styles of teaching - learning and e-learning

La investigación desarrollada en este trabajo se enmarcó dentro de una experiencia de utilización de los estilos de aprendizaje en la tecnología de la información y comunicación (TIC), a través de un entorno virtual de aprendizaje, concebido como un espacio para la construcción del conocimiento, dirigido a estudiantes de la Escuela de Educación de la USAT.Abstract : The research developed in this work is part of an experience of using learning styles in the information technology and communication (ICT) through a virtual learning environment, conceived as a space for the construction of knowledge, for students of the School of Education of the USAT

Nireneotor journey: A learning experience through a virtual environment

El proyecto se inscribe en una investigación de tipo cualitativo y retoma las herramientas metodológicas propuestas por la sistematización de experiencias para ser desarrollado con una población objetico, seleccionada a partir de un muestero con un propósito.The project is part of a qualitative type of research and takes up the methodological tools proposed by the systematization of experiences to be developed with an objective population, selected from a sample with a purpose

Psychological Impact of COVID-19 in the Setting of Dentistry: A Review Article

The worldwide pandemic has exposed healthcare professionals to a high risk of infection, exacerbating the situation of uncertainty caused by COVID-19. The objective of this review was to evaluate the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental professionals and their patients. A literature review was conducted using Medline-Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, excluding systematic reviews, narratives, meta-analyses, case reports, book chapters, short communications, and congress papers. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the selected studies. The search retrieved 3879 articles, and 123 of these were selected for the review (7 longitudinal and 116 cross-sectional studies). Elevated anxiety levels were observed in dental professionals, especially in younger and female professionals. Except for orthodontic treatments, patients reported a high level of fear that reduced their demand for dentist treatment to emergency cases alone. The results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has had psychological and emotional consequences for dental professionals and their patients. Further research is necessary to evaluate the persistence of this problem over time.Universidad de Granada, Plan Propio de Investigacion PPJIA2021-3

Influence of diet in COVID-19 infection and severity risk: a systematic review

Universidad de Granada. Plan Propio de Investigación. Proyectos de Investigación Precompetitivos para Jóvenes Investigadores del Plan Propio 2021. PPJIA2021-36. El financiador no participó en el proceso de revisión, solo en la financiación de las cuotas de la revista.Introducción: el riesgo y/o el pronóstico de la COVID-19, causado por el virus SARS-CoV-2, se han relacionado con enfermedades crónicas como obesidad, diabetes mellitus y enfermedades cardiovasculares, siendo la dieta de mala calidad un factor predisponente para estas enfermedades. Objetivo: sintetizar la evidencia científica sobre el efecto de la dieta en el riesgo de infección por SARS-CoV-2 y de COVID-19 grave. Métodos: revisión sistemática realizada siguiendo las guías PRISMA. La búsqueda bibliográfica se hizo en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus y Medline (a través del buscador PubMed). El análisis del riesgo de sesgo se realizó mediante las escalas Newcastle-Ottawa y Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Resultados: se incluyeron 14 estudios. Una buena adherencia a la dieta mediterránea se asoció con una disminución del riesgo de infección por SARS-CoV-2 (razón de momios RM = 0,44; IC 95 %: 0,22-0,88, para adherencia alta versus baja, y RM significativas de 0,88 y 0,95 en los estudios que analizaron la adherencia de forma cuantitativa) pero no con la gravedad de la COVID-19. Una dieta basada en plantas presentó una asociación protectora frente a la infección y la enfermedad grave. Concretamente, un alto consumo de verdura, legumbres y cereales, y una baja ingesta de lácteos y carnes rojas mostraron un efecto protector frente a la infección y/o la COVID-19 grave, según el estudio. Los suplementos vitamínicos y probióticos también disminuyeron el riesgo de infección. Conclusión: la evidencia disponible sugiere que una dieta saludable, basada en un patrón de dieta mediterránea o en alimentos vegetales, con consumo de lácteos y carnes rojas moderado, ejerce un efecto protector frente a la COVID-19.Introduction: the risk and/or prognosis of COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, have been related to chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases, with poor-quality diet being a predisposing factor for these diseases.Objective: to synthesize the scientific evidence on the effect of diet on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19. Methods: a systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines. The bibliographic search was made in the databases Web of Science, Scopus and Medline (through the PubMed search engine). Risk of bias analysis was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa and Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies scales.Results: 14 studies were included. Good adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a decreased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 0.44; 95 % CI, 0.22-0.88, for high versus low adherence, and significant ORs of 0.88 and 0.95 in studies that analyzed adherence quantitatively) but not with the severity of COVID-19. A plant-based diet also had a protective association against both COVID-19 infection and severity. Specifically, a high consumption of vegetables, legumes and cereals, and a low intake of dairy products and red meat showed a protective effect against infection and/or COVID-19 severity, depending on the study. Vitamin and probiotic supplements also lowered the risk of infection. Conclusion: the available evidence suggests that a healthy diet, based on a Mediterranean or plant-based diet, with moderate consumption of dairy and red meat, exerts a protective effect against COVID-19.Universidad de Granada PPJIA2021-3

A Large Case-Control Study Performed in Spanish Population Suggests That RECQL5 Is the Only RECQ Helicase Involved in Breast Cancer Susceptibility.

Around 50% of the familial breast cancer (BC) cases are estimated to be caused by germline variants in known low-, moderate-, and high-risk susceptibility genes, while the other half is of unknown genetic origin. In the present study, we wanted to evaluate the role of the RECQ helicases, some of which have been studied in the past as candidates, with unclear results about their role in the disease. Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, we analyzed the whole coding sequence of BLM, RECQL1, RECQL4, RECQL5, and WRN in almost 2000 index cases from BC Spanish families that had previously tested negative for the known BC susceptibility genes (BRCAX) and compared the results with the controls extracted from gnomAD. Our results suggest that BLM, RECQL1, RECQL4, and WRN do not play a major role in BC susceptibility. However, in the combined analysis, joining the present results with those previously reported in a series of 1334 BC Spanish patients and controls, we found a statistically significant association between Loss of Function (LoF) variants in RECQL5 and BC risk, with an OR of 2.56 (p = 0.009; 95% CI, 1.18-4.98). Our findings support our previous work and places the RECQL5 gene as a new moderate-risk BC gene.A.O. is partially funded by FIS PI19/00640 supported by FEDER funds and the Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER). M.d.l.H. is partially funded by FIS PI20/00110 supported by FEDER funds.S

Psychological Distress, Family Support and Employment Status in First-Year University Students in Spain

Mental disorders are consistently and closely related to psychological distress. At the start of the university period, the relationship between a student's psychological distress, family support, and employment status is not well-known. The aims of this study were: To determine the prevalence of psychological distress in first-year university students and to analyze its relationship with family support and the student's employment status. Data from 4166 first-year university students from nine universities across Spain were considered. The prevalence of psychological distress was obtained using the GHQ-12, a valid and reliable screening tool to detect poor mental health. To analyze the relationship between psychological distress, family support, and employment status, logistic regression models were fitted. Regarding the prevalence found, 46.9% of men and 54.2% of women had psychological distress. In both genders, psychological distress levels increased as family support decreased. Among women, psychological distress was associated with their employment status. The prevalence of psychological distress among first-year university students in Spain is high. In addition, family support, and employment status for women, could be factors to take into account when developing psychological distress prevention strategies at the beginning of the university period.This study was funded by the National Drug Plan from the Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain (Codes: 2010|145 and 2013|034)

Issues Year 3. Number 6. Journal of the School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts

Las opiniones contenidas en los artículos de esta revista no vinculan a la institución sino que son de exclusiva responsabilidad de los autores, dentro de los principios democráticos de cátedra libre y libertad de expresión, consagrados en el artículo 3° del Estatuto General de la Corporación Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga. El material de esta publicación puede ser reproducido sin autorización, siempre que se mencione su procedencia y la escuela de Ciencias Sociales, Humanidades y Artes de la UNA. reciba un ejemplar de su publicación.Presentación. - 5 Educación y porpensión a aprender y a enseñar. - 13 La formación del profesorado universitario. - 29 Vigencia de los principios de Juan Amos Comenio en las prácticas pedagógicas actuales. - 37 Dámaso Zapata: "Héroe de la paz en las Américas". - 43 Clima social de los centros educativos y hostigamiento psicológico - Una lectura socioconstructiva desde los sistemas autoritarios- . -49 El aprendizaje: Dos perspectivas diferentes del mismo proceso. - 61 La experiencia del aprendizaje mediado: Una opción para el cambio de actitutd del maestro. - 71 El diseño de ambientes de aprendizaje desde una visión constructivista. - 79 Hacia la construcción de preescolares lúdico-científicos colombianos. - 89 Travesía por Nireneotor: Una experiencia de aprendizaje por medio de un ambiente virtual. - 97 Las competencias científicas en el proceso de formaicón de escolares. - 111The opinions contained in the articles of this journal do not bind the institution but are the exclusive responsibility of the authors, within the democratic principles of free teaching and freedom of expression, enshrined in article 3 of the General Statute of the University Corporation. Autonomous of Bucaramanga. The material in this publication may be reproduced without authorization, provided that its origin and the UNA School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts are mentioned. receive a copy of your publication

Inhibition of ATG3 ameliorates liver steatosis by increasing mitochondrial function

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health threat in both developed and developing countries and is a precursor of the more advanced liver diseases, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Currently, understanding the multiple and complex molecular pathways implicated in NAFLD onset and progression is a major priority. The transcription factor p63, which belongs to a family comprising p53, p63, and p73,1 is one of many factors that contributes to the development of liver steatosis. The role of p63 as a tumor suppressor and in cell maintenance and renewal is well studied, but we have recently reported that it is also relevant in the control of lipid metabolism.2 p63 encodes multiple isoforms that can be grouped into 2 categories; isoforms with an acidic transactivation domain (TA) and those without this domain (domain negative). The TAp63α isoform is elevated in the liver of animal models of NAFLD as well as in liver biopsies from obese patients with NAFLD. Furthermore, downregulation of p63α in the liver attenuates liver steatosis in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, while the activation of TAp63α increases hepatic fat content, mediated by the activation of IKKβ and endoplasmic reticulum stress.2 A specialized form of autophagy that degrades lipid droplets, termed “lipophagy”, is a major pathway of lipid mobilization in hepatocytes. Lipophagy is elevated in hepatoma cells upon exposure to free fatty acids,3 and reduces the fatty acid load in mouse hepatocytes.4 Its impairment has been associated with the development of fatty liver and insulin resistance3,5; in contrast, the autophagic flux is increased during the activation of hepatic stellate cells.6 In the present study, we used an unbiased proteomics approach to gain insight into novel proteins modulating lipid metabolism in the liver of mice with genetic knockdown or overexpression of TAp63α. We found that autophagy-related gene 3 (ATG3) was upregulated by TAp63α activation and downregulated after p63α inhibition. ATG3 is elevated in several animal models of NAFLD and in the liver of patients with NAFLD. Genetic overexpression of ATG3 increased the lipid load in hepatocytes, while its repression alleviated TAp63α- and diet-induced steatosis. ATG3 exerted its role in lipid metabolism by regulating SIRT1 and mitochondrial function. Collectively, these findings identify ATG3 as a novel factor implicated in the development of steatosisThis work has been supported by grants from FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades-Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PA: RTI2018-095134-B-100; DS and LH: SAF2017-83813-C3-1-R; MLMC: RTC2019-007125-1; CD: BFU2017-87721; ML: RTI2018–101840-B-I00; GS; PID2019-104399RB-I00; RN: RTI2018-099413-B-I00 and RED2018-102379-T; MLMC: SAF2017-87301-R; TCD: RTI2018-096759-A-100), FEDER/Instituto de Salud Carlos III (AGR: PI19/00123), Xunta de Galicia (ML: 2016-PG068; RN: 2015-CP080 and 2016-PG057), Fundación BBVA (RN, GS and MLM), Proyectos Investigación en Salud (MLMC: DTS20/00138), Sistema Universitario Vasco (PA: IT971-16); Fundación Atresmedia (ML and RN), Fundación La Caixa (M.L., R.N. and M.C.), Gilead Sciences International Research Scholars Program in Liver Disease (MVR), Marató TV3 Foundation (DS: 201627), Government of Catalonia (DS: 2017SGR278) and European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (RN and GS). This research also received funding from the European Community’s H2020 Framework Programme (ERC Synergy Grant-2019-WATCH- 810331, to RN, VP and MS). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem). CIBERobn, CIBERehd and CIBERdem are initiatives of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) of Spain which is supported by FEDER funds. We thank MINECO for the Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation to CIC bioGUNE (SEV-2016-0644)S