Estrategia para mejorar el clima organizacional y su influencia en el desempeño de los docentes de la Universidad de Guayaquil 2018

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre la estrategia para mejorar el clima organizacional y su influencia en el desempeño de los docentes de la Universidad de Guayaquil 2018, el diseño de investigación es descriptivacorrelacional, el método a emplear es mixto; la muestra es de 35 docentes de la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas Administrativos Computarizados de la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas de la Universidad de Guayaquil. Se empleó como instrumento de recolección de información un cuestionario con escala de Likert referente a las tres dimensiones de la variable independiente estrategia de clima organizacional que fueron: comunicación, motivación y reconocimiento; y a las dos dimensiones de la variable dependiente desempeño organizacional que fueron: responsabilidad y competencias. El instrumento fue valorado por expertos y se determinó su confiabilidad con Alfa de Cronbach. Según los datos obtenidos en el nivel de estrategia de clima organizacional en la Universidad de Guayaquil 2018, es regular calificado por el 54.29% de los docentes. El nivel de desempeño docente es regular calificado por el 60.00% de los docentes. Existe una relación significativa directa entre las dimensiones comunicación, motivación y reconocimiento en el desempeño de los docentes en la Universidad de Guayaquil con una significancia < 0.05. En conclusión, existe relación significativa entre la estrategia de clima organizacional y el desempeño de los docentes, según el coeficiente de Pearson la relación es muy alta (r=0,985) es directamente proporcional

Implementación de un proceso de calidad de datos para Business Intelligence (BI) y Bigdata basado en el marco de referencia de gestión de datos (DAMA-DMBOK2)

En la actualidad se habla constantemente de la importancia de los datos y de su uso masivo para la toma de decisiones en diferentes ámbitos educativos, de gobierno y empresariales, sin embargo, poco se habla sobre le gestión integral de los datos en donde existen procesos, políticas y estrategias que buscan asegurar el correcto uso de estos datos, esto brinda una perspectiva más amplia a la que contempla solo un enfoque tecnológico que es el que muchas veces predomina en los proyectos de BI y Big Data y que como consecuencia inclinan a convertir un proyecto estratégico en un proyecto tecnológico creando el riesgo de perder el rumbo de un proceso gobernado de gestión de datos y por ende el ciclo de vida del dato. En este sentido la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo desarrollar para la empresa Telefónica HISPAM la propuesta de un marco de trabajo que permita adoptar e implementar un proceso de calidad de datos en proyectos de Inteligencia de Negocio, así como proyectos de Big Data, tomando como base el marco de referencia de gestión de datos DAMA-DMBOK 2, con el propósito de establecer buenas prácticas y mejorar procedimientos de gestión de datos que aseguren la calidad de sus productos de datos. Durante la presente investigación se realizó un diagnóstico a elementos de calidad de datos como son los procesos, la existencia y conocimiento de estándares de datos en general, herramientas utilizadas y los roles involucrados en la gestión de calidad de datos permitiendo identificar niveles de madurez entre estos elementos y creando una evaluación integral, esta evaluación ha permitido comprender que la organización se encuentra en un nivel de madurez definido como Ad-Hoc o también denominado de nivel 1, lo que nos dice que la organización ejecuta actividades de calidad de datos de varias formas sin embargo esta práctica no se ha convertido en un proceso estandarizado, desplegado y repetible en la organización, el estado actual indica que aun depende de algunos expertos en algunas áreas que poseen practicas aisladas entre sí pero que aseguran la calidad de sus productos de datos, esto sin una mirada integral de la calidad de Datos, esta declaración permite comprender la necesidad de establecer un marco que brinde pautas y recomendaciones para consolidar la calidad de datos desde los elementos individuales hasta la visión integral alineada a los objetivos de negocio buscando mejorar así la practica en la organización y permitir madurar la perspectiva de gestión de calidad de los datos

Effectiveness and knowledge, attitudes and practices of seasonal influenza vaccine in primary healthcare settings in South Africa, 2010-2013

OBJECTIVES : Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) and coverage data for sub-Saharan Africa are scarce. Using a test-negative case–control design, we estimated influenza VE annually among individuals with influenza-like illness presenting to an outpatient sentinel surveillance programme in South Africa from 2010 to 2013. A knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) influenza vaccine survey of programme clinicians was conducted in 2013. SAMPLE : In total, 9420 patients were enrolled in surveillance of whom 5344 (56.7%) were included in the VE analysis: 2678 (50.1%) were classified as controls (influenza test-negative) and 2666 (49.9%) as cases (influenza test-positive). RESULTS : Mean annual influenza vaccine coverage among controls was 4.5% for the four years. Annual VE estimates adjusted for age, underlying medical conditions and seasonality for 2010-2013 were 54.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4–78.6%), 57.1% (95% CI: 15.5–78.2%), 38.4% (95% CI: 71.7–78.1%) and 87.2% (95% CI: 67.2–95.0%), respectively. The KAP survey showed that >90% of clinicians were familiar with the indications for and the benefits of influenza vaccination. CONCLUSIONS : Our study showed that the vaccine was significantly protective in 2010, 2011 and 2013, but not in 2012 when the circulating A(H3N2) strain showed genetic drift. Vaccine coverage was low despite good clinician knowledge of vaccination indications. Further studies are needed to investigate the reason for the low uptake of influenza vaccine.The programme forms part of the National Institute for Communicable Diseases core function and is not funded by external bodies.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1750-2659hb2016Medical Virolog

Captures d'écran : la photographie de presse et l'image télévisée

Influenza-associated disease burden among children in tropical sub-Saharan Africa is not well established, particularly outside of the 2009 pandemic period. We estimated the burden of influenza in children aged 0-4 years through population-based surveillance for influenza-like illness (ILI) and acute lower respiratory tract illness (ALRI). Household members meeting ILI or ALRI case definitions were referred to health facilities for evaluation and collection of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs for influenza testing by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Estimates were adjusted for health-seeking behavior and those with ILI and ALRI who were not tested. During 2008-2012, there were 9,652 person-years of surveillance among children aged 0-4 years. The average adjusted rate of influenza-associated hospitalization was 4.3 (95% CI 3.0-6.0) per 1,000 person-years in children aged 0-4 years. Hospitalization rates were highest in the 0-5 month and 6-23 month age groups, at 7.6 (95% CI 3.2-18.2) and 8.4 (95% CI 5.4-13.0) per 1,000 person-years, respectively. The average adjusted rate of influenza-associated medically attended (inpatient or outpatient) ALRI in children aged 0-4 years was 17.4 (95% CI 14.2-19.7) per 1,000 person-years. Few children who had severe laboratory-confirmed influenza were clinically diagnosed with influenza by the treating clinician in the inpatient (0/33, 0%) or outpatient (1/109, 0.9%) settings. Influenza-associated hospitalization rates from 2008-2012 were 5-10 times higher than contemporaneous U.S. estimates. Many children with danger signs were not hospitalized; thus, influenza-associated severe disease rates in Kenyan children are likely higher than hospital-based estimates suggest

Timing of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza epidemic activity in five regions of Argentina, 2007-2016

Fil: Baumeister, Elsa. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Virología. Servicio de Virosis Respiratoria; Argentina.Fil: Duque, Jazmin. Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Estados Unidos.Fil: Varela, Teresa. Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia por Laboratorio, Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia de la Salud, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Palekar, Rakhee. Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Estados Unidos.Fil: Couto, Paula. Pan American Health Organization, Washington, District of Columbia; Estados Unidos.Fil: Savy, Vilma L. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Virología. Servicio de Virosis Respiratoria; Argentina.Fil: Giovacchini, Carlos. Pan American Health Organization, Washington, District of Columbia; Estados Unidos.Fil: Haynes, Amber K. Division of Viral Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Estados Unidos.Fil: Rha, Brian. Division of Viral Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Estados Unidos.Fil: Arriola, Carmen S. Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Estados Unidos.Fil: Gerber, Susan I. Division of Viral Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Estados Unidos.Fil: Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo. Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; Estados Unidos.Within-country differences in the timing of RSV and influenza epidemics have not been assessed in Argentina, the eighth largest country in the world by area

Influenza surveillance in 15 countries in Africa, 2006-2010

BACKGROUND: In response to the potential threat of an influenza pandemic, several international institutions and governments, in partnership with African countries, invested in the development of epidemiologic and laboratory influenza surveillance capacity in Africa. METHODS: We used a standardized form to collect information on influenza surveillance system characteristics, the number and percent of influenza-positive patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) or severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) and virologic data. RESULTS: Between 2006 and 2010, the number of ILI and SARI sites in 15 African countries increased from 21 to 127 and from 2 to 98, respectively. Influenza was detected in 22% of ILI cases and 10% of SARI cases. Children 0-4 years accounted for 48% all ILI and SARI cases of which 20% and 10 respectively were positive for influenza. Influenza peaks were generally discernible in North and South Africa. Substantial co-circulation of influenza A and B occurred most years. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza is a major cause of respiratory illness in Africa, especially in children. Further strengthening influenza surveillance, along with conducting special studies on influenza burden, cost of illness, and role of other respiratory pathogens will help detect novel influenza viruses and inform and develop targeted influenza prevention policy decisions in the region.The work presented in this manuscript was funded completely or in part by host governments, Institute Pasteur, and cooperative agreements with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and/or the U.S. Department of Defense.http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/toc/jid/currenthb2013ay201

Systematic review of regional and temporal trends in global rotavirus strain diversity in the pre rotavirus vaccine era: Insights for understanding the impact of rotavirus vaccination programs

Recently, two rotavirus vaccines have been recommended for routine immunization of infants worldwide. These vaccines proved efficacious during clinical trials and field use in both developing and developed countries, and appear to provide good protection against a range of rotavirus genotypes, including some that are not included in the vaccines. However, since conclusive data that the vaccines will protect against a wide variety of rotavirus strains are still lacking and since vaccines may exert some selection pressure, a detailed picture of global strain prevalence from the pre-rotavirus vaccine era is important to evaluate any potential changes in circulating strains observed after widespread introduction of rotavirus vaccines. Thus, we systematically reviewed rotavirus genotyping studies spanning a 12-year period from 1996 to 2007. In total, ∼110,000 strains were genotyped from 100 reporting countries. Five genotypes (G1–G4, and G9) accounted for 88% of all strains, although extensive geographic and temporal differences were observed. For example, the prevalence of G1 strains declined from 2000 onward, while G3 strains reemerged, and G9 and G12 strains emerged during the same period. When crude strain prevalence data were weighted by region based on the region’s contribution to global rotavirus mortality, the importance of genotypes G1 and G9 strains that were more prevalent in regions with low mortality was reduced and conversely the importance of G8 strains that were more prevalent in African settings with greater contribution to global rotavirus mortality was increased. This study provides the most comprehensive, up-to-date information on rotavirus strain surveillance in the pre-rotavirus vaccine era and will provide useful background to examine the impact of rotavirus vaccine introduction on future strain prevalence