Safen ven yetmezliği tedavisinde endovenöz lazer ile ablasyon: 980 Nm ile 1470 Nm dalga boyundaki lazer enerjisinin tedavideki etkinliğinin karşılaştırılması

Alt ekstremite venöz yetmezliği ve buna bağlı oluşan varisler, toplumda oldukça sık rastlanan (%20-40), yaşam kalitesini bozan ve bazı durumlarda ciddi komplikasyonlara da yol açabilen önemli bir sağlık problemidir. Yüzeyel venöz yetmezlik ve varislerin tedavisinde uzun süredir cerrahi yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Bu yöntemlerin genel veya spinal anestezi, hastanede kalış süresinin daha fazla olması, artmış komplikasyonlar gibi dezavantajları vardır. Bu dezavantajları ortadan kaldırabilmek için yeni tedavi yöntemlerine ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Yüzeyel venöz yetmezlik ve varis tedavisinde son yıllarda Endovenöz Lazer Ablasyon (EVLA) ve köpük skleroterapi yöntemleri cerrahiye alternatif en güncel tedavi yöntemleridir. EVLA‘ nın en önemli avantajları, lokal anestezi altında yapılması, ağrısız olması, yara-kesi izi olmaması ve işlemden hemen sonra hastanın ayağa kalkıp yürüyebilmesidir. Bu avantajları nedeniyle EVLA yöntemi kısa sürede tüm dünyada venöz yetmezliğin giderilmesinde ilk seçilecek tedavi yöntemi durumuna gelmiştir. Endovenöz tedavi için kullanılan çeşitli dalga boylarında lazer sistemleri vardır. 810nm, 940nm, 980nm, 1064nm dalga boylarındaki lazer sistemleri hemoglobin spesifik, 1320nm, 1470nm dalga boylarındaki lazer sistemleri ise damar duvarındaki intertisyel suya spesifiktir. Bizim çalışmamızda 980 nm dalga boyunda lazer enerjisi ve 1470 nm dalga boyunda lazer enerjisi ile yapılan ablasyon tedavilerinde teknik başarı, postoperatif ağrı skorları ve komplikasyon oranlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Semptomatik safen ven yetmezliği olan, derin ven trombozu, belirgin sistemik hastalığı, ciddi alt ekstremite arteriel hastalığı, karaciğer yetmezliği, lokal anesteziklere belirgin ilaç alerjisi, koagülasyon bozukluğu olmayan, işlem yapılacak bölgede aktif cilt enfeksiyonu bulunmayan ve gebe olmayan toplam 73 hastaya (84 ekstremite) EVLA tedavisi uygulandı. İşlem öncesi hastaların CEAP skorları kaydedildi. Bu hastalar 980 nm ve 1470 nm dalga boyuna sahip lazer sistemleri ile tedavi edilen olmak üzere iki gruba iii ayrıldı. 980 nm dalga boyuna sahip lazer ile tedavi edilen hasta sayısı 47 (54 ekstremite), 1470 nm dalga boyuna sahip lazer ile tedavi edilen hasta sayısı 26‘dır (30 ekstremite). Hastalar tedavi sonrası orta basınçlı (class II) varis çorabı giydirilerek mobilize edildi. Hastalara 10 gün süre ile analjezik/antienflamatuar tedavi verildi. Hastaların 1.hafta ve 1.ay ultrasonografi kontrolleri yapılarak şemaya göre ağrı skorları, işlem başarısı ve erken dönem komplikasyonları kaydedildi. Çalışmamızda EVLA tedavisi sonrasında erken dönem minör komplikasyonlar ve ağrı skorları ile tedavide kullanılan lazer dalga boyu ve santimetreye verilen enerji miktarının ilişkisinin olmadığı anlaşılmıştır. 980 nm dalga boyunda lazer kullanıldığında santimetreye ortalama 100 J, 1470 nm dalga boyunda lazer kullanıldığında santimetreye ortalama 50 J enerji verilmesi durumunda tüm hastalarda tam oklüzyon sağlanabilmektedir. Yapılan tümesan anestezi kalitesi ve lazer fiberinin geri çekim hızı tedavi etkinliğini belirleyen diğer önemli parametrelerdir. EVLA tedavisini yapan hekimin mutlaka Doppler USG deneyiminin olması gerekmektedir. Dolayısı ile bu tedavi Doppler USG deneyimi en fazla olan girişimsel radyologlar tarafından yapılmalıdır

Lithium intoxication causing ST segment elevation and wandering atrial rhythms in an elderly patient

Lithium overdoses causing cardiotoxicity are uncommon and electrocardiographic changes suggesting myocardial ischemia are rare. However, some authors have specifically reported the occurrence of ischemic electrocardiography changes due to a lithium overdose. This paper describes a case where electrocardiography changes mimic inferior myocardial infarction during the course of chronic lithium treatment in an elderly patient. The patient’s electrocardiography changes were partially resolved after hemodialysis. (Cardiol J 2009; 17, 4: 404-407

The effect of laser wavelength on postoperative pain score in the endovenous ablation of saphenous vein insufficiency

PURPOSEEndovenous laser ablation has replaced surgical methods in the treatment of saphenous insufficiency. The aims of this study were to compare the effectiveness of 1470- and 980-nm wavelength (WL) laser systems, to compare the postoperative complication rates, and to determine the effect of laser WL on postoperative pain scores.MATERIALS AND METHODSBetween October 2010 and November 2011, 79 consecutive patients with saphenous vein insufficiency were examined. The patients who received the 980-nm treatment were defined as Group 1; 54 extremities of 47 patients were treated in this group. The patients who received the 1470-nm treatment were defined as Group 2; 36 extremities of 32 patients were treated in this group.RESULTSEarly technical success was 100% in both groups. Both major and minor complications were seen in Group 2. The complications in Group 1 were mostly major; however, three minor complications were reported in this group. The complication rates of the two groups were not significantly different. There was no statistically significant difference between the pain scores of the two groups.CONCLUSIONEarly postoperative pain was the major factor that impaired quality of life. There was no relationship between the postoperative pain scores and laser WL or energy density. The laser WL did not affect technical success or occurrence of complications. Use of a suitable energy density resulted in complete occlusion in all patients with saphenous vein insufficiency

Endovascular Treatment of Acute Stroke due to the Floating Carotid Thrombus with Intra-Arterial Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Stenting

54-year-old male patient was admitted to emergency service with bilateral loss of sight, consciousness and a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15. His neurologic examination revealed no lateralized deficit but left homonymous hemianopia. Brain CT and diffusion MRI showed acute infarction in the right parietal and occipital lobes. There was a wide penumbra region on brain perfusion CT. The selective angiography showed preocclusive stenosis at the origin of right internal carotid artery (ICA) and massive floating thrombus (FT) in the cervical ICA segment. We report successful endovascular treatment of FT in the ICA using intra-arterial tissue plasminogen activator and stenting

Optimal power flow solution with stochastic wind power using the Levy coyote optimization algorithm

Optimal power flow (OPF) is one of the most fundamental single/multi-objective, nonlinear, and non-convex optimization problems in modern power systems. Renewable energy sources are integrated into power systems to provide environmental sustainability and to reduce emissions and fuel costs. Therefore, some conventional thermal generators are being replaced with wind power sources. Although wind power is a widely used renewable energy source, it is intermittent in nature and wind speed is uncertain at any given time. For this reason, the Weibull probability density function is one of the important methods used in calculating available wind power. This paper presents an improved method based on the Levy Coyote optimization algorithm (LCOA) for solving the OPF problem with stochastic wind power. In the proposed LCOA, Levy Flights were added to the Coyote optimization algorithm to avoid local optima and to improve the ability to focus on optimal solutions. To show the effect of the novel contribution to the algorithm, the LCOA method was tested using the Congress on Evolutionary Computation-2005 benchmark test functions. Subsequently, the solution to the OPF problem with stochastic wind power was tested via the LCOA and other heuristic optimization algorithms in IEEE 30-bus, 57-bus, and 118-bus test systems. Eighteen different cases were executed including fuel cost, emissions, active power loss, voltage profile, and voltage stability, in single- and multi-objective optimization. The results showed that the LCOA was more effective than the other optimization methods at reaching an optimal solution to the OPF problem with stochastic wind power.WOS:0005905348000022-s2.0-8509632391

Vesicouterina fistula: Youssef's syndrome

Vesico-uterin fistula is a rare type of fistulas and can be diagnosed frequently after surgery. First described by Youssef in 1957. Clasically findings are; cyclic haematuria without urinary incontinence and secondary amenorrhea. The patient was referred to our clinic for cyclic hematuria and she was diagnosed with vesicouterine fistula by radiological imaging methods and a cystoscopy procedure. Being a rare occurrence, this case was reported with a discussion of the relevant literature

Balloon Dilatation of Iatrogenic Ureteral Strictures after Upper Urinary Tract Reconstruction

Purpose: Open pyeloplasty is the gold standard treatment of uretero-pelvic junction (UPJ) stenosis. Although failure after open pyeloplasty or uretero-neosistosmy is not common, percutaneous or endoscopic interventions must be necessary in some cases. We present treatment of 6 pediatric patients by balloon dilatation after failed surgery. Material and Methods: Between 2008 and 2013 6 children were treated. Five patients had undergone open pyeloplasty for UP stenosis and, one has uretero-vesical anastomosis stricture after ureteroneosistostomy. Percutaneous antegrade balloon dilatation and double J stent placement were performed in three of six patients. In the other three patients retrograde endoscopic balloon dilatation and double J stent placement were performed. Results: Primary technical success was %50 and %100 for antegrade and retrograde approach respectively. Antegrade approach has failed in 3 patients (%50) and, retrograde approach and treatment were successful in all of these patients. Secondary and tertiary balloon dilatations were done through antegrade approach in 3 patients. Mean duration of double J stent was 114 days. As of today, five patients are followed smoothly. One patient who has UP stenosis underwent secondary open surgery. Conclusion: Balloon dilatation can be used safely in both antegrade and retrograde approaches because of lower profile of balloon catheters, so it could be considered as a first line treatment option after failed surgical treatment of upper urinary tract stenosis in children

Is There a Real Correlation Between Red Cell Distribution Width and Peripheral Arterial Disease?

Background: Few data is available concerning the association between peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and red cell distribution width (RDW). In this study, we analyzed the relationship between RDW and atherosclerosis of the vessels other than coronary arteries in patients who had undergone digital substraction angiography (DSA). Methods: This study included 730 patients who had undergone DSA. Patients were divided into two groups according to their angiographic images. The association between RDW and atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries was analyzed. The relationship between atherosclerosis and smoking, hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM), hs-CRP, hemoglobin, white blood cell (WBC), triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol levels was assessed. Results: Atherosclerosis was observed more common in male and patients with older age, HT, DM and smoking (p<0.001). hs-CRP and WBC levels were both in significantly positive association with atherosclerosis (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the RDW levels, hemoglobin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol levels in the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our results seem to demonstrate that older age, male gender, HT, DM and smoking are powerful risk factors for PAD. In contrast to the previous reports, RDW levels are found not to be associated with atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries

Association between treatment with coil embolization of renal artery aneurysm and resistant hypertension

Hypertension is the number one risk factor in preventable causes of death in the world. Resistant hypertension is defined as blood pressure that remains uncontrolled despite at least three antihypertensive medications including a diuretic. Treatment of hypertension includes many modalities from lifestyle changing to multiple drug using, angioplasty. In this case report, we aim to emphasize the effects of renal artery aneurysm treatment on resistant hypertension