O aumento de provisões matemáticas em face da ocorrência de eventos de invalidez que geram a concessão de benefícios não esperados em Regimes Próprios de Previdência Social (RPPS) de pequeno porte

Trabalho de conclusão de curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade, Departamento de Ciências Contábeis e Atuariais, Bacharelado em Ciências Contábeis, 2013.O sistema previdenciário nacional é composto por três regimes, sendo o Regime Próprio de Previdência Social concebido para atender os servidores públicos da União, Estados, Distrito Federal e Municípios. Importante tópico na administração deste regime é a preservação do equilíbrio financeiro e atuarial para garantir todos os benefícios exigíveis no futuro. Neste cenário, este trabalho analisou a influência do emprego de tábua mínima proposta pelo Ministério da Previdência Social (MPS) na aferição de sinistros por invalidez e os consequentes efeitos sobre as provisões matemáticas destinadas a este fim. Foram observados os Demonstrativos de Resultado de Avaliação Atuarial (DRAA) entregues em 2012 ao MPS e, sobre uma massa teórica de 400 segurados foram realizadas simulações de maneira randômica com a utilização de três tábuas de entrada em invalidez para estimar o impacto na provisão matemática inicialmente calculada. Os resultados das simulações evidenciaram que a avaliação atuarial inicial realizada com a tábua mínima redundou em provisão matemática insuficiente para suportar os riscos por invalidez contrariando a preservação do equilíbrio financeiro e atuarial em relação a este benefício. Foram analisados DRAA com até 1000 segurados e levantou-se que pelo menos 74% desses demonstrativos constavam o emprego da tábua mínima Álvaro Vindas na avaliação atuarial do benefício de invalidez. Como conclusão recomenda-se para esses casos a adoção de tábuas que melhor reflitam a realidade, bem como o acompanhamento de estatísticas referentes a este tipo de sinistro.The national pension system consists of three regimes, and the Regime Próprio de Previdência Social was designed to meet the public servants of the Union, States, Federal District and Municipalities. Important topic in the administration of this scheme is to preserve the financial and actuarial balance to ensure all benefits payable in the future. In this scenario, this study examined the influence of job minimum table proposed by the Ministry of Social Security in the assessment of claims for disability and the resulting effects on the mathematical provisions designed to this end. Were observed the Report Statements of Actuarial Valuation (DRAA) delivered in 2012 to the Ministry and on a theoretical mass of 400 insureds were random simulations using three tables for disability to estimate the impact on mathematical provision initially calculated. The simulation results showed that the initial actuarial valuation performed with minimal table resulted in mathematical provision insufficient to bear the risks for disability contrary to the preservation of financial and actuarial balance regarding this benefit. Were analyzed DRAA insured with up to 1000 and rose to at least 74% of these statements contained employment of minimum tablet Álvaro Vindas in the actuarial valuation of the disability benefit. In conclusion it is recommended for these cases the adoption of tables that better reflect reality, as well as monitoring statistics for this type of accident

Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Antidepressant Effects in a Marine Photosynthetic Organism: The Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum as a Case Study

The increased use of antidepressants, along with their increased occurrence in aquatic environments, is of concern for marine organisms. Although these pharmaceutical compounds have been shown to negatively affect marine diatoms, their mode of action in these non-target, single-cell phototrophic organisms is yet unknown. Using a Fourier-transform ion cyclotron-resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR-MS) we evaluated the effects of fluoxetine in the metabolomics of the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, as well as the potential use of the identified metabolites as exposure biomarkers. Diatom growth was severely impaired after fluoxetine exposure, particularly in the highest dose tested, along with a down-regulation of photosynthetic and carbohydrate metabolisms. Notably, several mechanisms that are normally down-regulated by fluoxetine in mammal organisms were also down-regulated in diatoms (e.g., glycerolipid metabolism, phosphatidylinositol signalling pathway, vitamin metabolism, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis and serotonin remobilization metabolism). Additionally, the present work also identified a set of potential biomarkers of fluoxetine exposure that were up-regulated with increasing fluoxetine exposure concentration and are of high metabolic significance following the disclosed mode of action, reinforcing the use of metabolomics approaches in ecotoxicology.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

DA CAPITAL FEDERAL AO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO: EDUCAÇÃO PATRIMONIAL EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: From the Federal Capital to Brazil’s Northeast: Heritage Education in pandemic times

O presente artigo relata a ação conjunta de Educação Patrimonial entre as atividades de Extensão pertencentes a duas instituições de ensino com contextos distintos: o “Pé na Estrada”, da Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidadede Brasília e o Núcleo de Extensão de Prática em Projetos de Edificações (NUPPE), do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (RN), campus São Gonçalo do Amarante. As duas realidades aproximam-se de maneira colaborativa através do desenvolvimento de atividades on-line e materiais para famílias em isolamento social, na Semana PÉ+NUPPE. Como resultado, tor nou-se possível, portanto, uma viagem virtual em que o “Pé na Estrada” e o NUPPE exploram um pouco da produção arquitetônica potiguar, através dos “jogos sérios”, como meio de fortalecer a identidade cultural local e reforçar o papel social das duas instituições de ensino no momento de distanciamento social

Subtractive phage display selection from canine visceral leishmaniasis identifies novel epitopes that mimic leishmania infantum antigens with potential serodiagnosis applications

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease that is endemic to Brazil, where dogs are the main domestic parasite reservoirs, and the percentages of infected dogs living in regions where canine VL (CVL) is endemic have ranged from 10% to 62%. Despite technological advances, some problems have been reported with CVL serodiagnosis. The present study describes a sequential subtractive selection through phage display technology from polyclonal antibodies of negative and positive sera that resulted in the identification of potential bacteriophage-fused peptides that were highly sensitive and specific to antibodies of CVL. A negative selection was performed in which phage clones were adhered to purified IgGs from healthy and Trypanosoma cruzi-infected dogs to eliminate cross-reactive phages. The remaining supernatant nonadhered phages were submitted to positive selection against IgG from the blood serum of dogs that were infected with Leishmania infantum. Phage clones that adhered to purified IgGs from the CVL-infected serum samples were selected. Eighteen clones were identified and their reactivities tested by a phage enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (phage-ELISA) against the serum samples from infected dogs (n 31) compared to those from vaccinated dogs (n 21), experimentally infected dogs with cross-reactive parasites (n 23), and healthy controls (n 17). Eight clones presented sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 100%, and they showed no crossreactivity with T. cruzi- or Ehrlichia canis-infected dogs or with dogs vaccinated with two different commercial CVL vaccines in Brazil. Our study identified eight mimotopes of L. infantum antigens with 100% accuracy for CVL serodiagnosis. The use of these mimotopes by phage-ELISA proved to be an excellent assay that was reproducible, simple, fast, and inexpensive, and it can be applied in CVL-monitoring programsThis work was supported by grants from the Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa of UFMG (supported 03/2013), the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Nano-Biofarmacêutica (INCT Nano-Biofar), Rede Nanobiotec/Brasil-UFU (CAPES), PRONEX-FAPEMIG (APQ-01019- 09), FAPEMIG (APQ-00496-11 and APQ-00819-12), and CNPq (APQ- 472090/2011-9 and APQ-482976/2012-8). E.A.F.C. and L.R.G. are recipients of grants from CNPq. M.A.C.-F. is the recipient of a grant from FAPEMIG/CAPE

Mobilidade e propagação do sars-cov-2 em Portugal continental: modelo explicativo territorializado em contexto anterior à vacinação

A difusão do novo coronavírus tem importantes associações com a mobilidade da população. Recorrendo a modelos de regressão linear múltipla, com informação epidemiológica da Direção-Geral da Saúde (DGS) e dados de mobilidade disponibilizados pela Google, captura-se a relação causal existente entre alterações na mobilidade e a tendência de incidência de COVID-19 para várias escalas em Portugal, demonstrando-se que maior mobilidade está associada a maior número de novos casos. Com base nesta premissa e recorrendo aos padrões de mobilidade da população é possível desenvolver um modelo de previsão do número de infeções futuras, com pelo menos 14 dias de antecedência.The diffusion of the new coronavirus has important associations with population mobility. Using multiple linear regression models, with epidemiological information and mobility data from Google, a causal relationship between changes in mobility and the trend of COVID 19 incidence for several scales in Portugal has been identified, showing that greater mobility is associated with a higher number of new cases. Based on this premise and using information on mobility patterns of the population, it is possible to develop a model to predict the number of future infections, at least 14 days in advance.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sensitive and specific serodiagnosis of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs by using peptides selected from hypothetical proteins identified by an immunoproteomic approach

In Brazil, the percentage of infected dogs living in areas where canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is endemic ranges from 10 to 62%; however, the prevalence of infection in dogs is probably higher than figures reported from serological studies. In addition, problems with the occurrence of false-positive or false-negative results in the serodiagnosis of CVL have been reported. The present work analyzed the potential of synthetic peptides mapped from hypothetical proteins for improvement of the serodiagnosis of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs. From 26 identified leishmanial proteins, eight were selected, considering that no homologies between these proteins and others from trypanosomatide sequence databases were encountered. The sequences of these proteins were mapped to identify linear B-cell epitopes, and 17 peptides were synthesized and tested in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the serodiagnosis of L. infantum infection in dogs. Of these, three exhibited sensitivity and specificity values higher than 75% and 90%, respectively, to differentiate L. infantum-infected animals from Trypanosoma cruziinfected animals and healthy animals. Soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA) showed poor sensitivity (4%) and specificity (36%) to differentiate L. infantum-infected dogs from healthy and T. cruzi-infected dogs. Lastly, the three selected peptides were combined in different mixtures and higher sensitivity and specificity values were obtained, even when sera from T. cruzi-infected dogs were used. The study’s findings suggest that these three peptides can constitute a potential tool for more sensitive and specific serodiagnosis of L. infantum infection in dogsThis work was supported by grants from the Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa from UFMG (Edital 07/2012), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Nano-biofarmacêutica (INCT-NANOBIOFAR, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) (CBB-APQ-02364-08, CBB-APQ-00356-10, CBB-APQ-00496-11, and CBB-APQ-00819-12), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) (APQ-472090/2011-9), and the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Vacinas (INCT-V). E.A.F.C. and A.P.F. are CNPq grant recipients. M.A.C.-F. is a FAPEMIG/CAPES grant recipient. This study was supported in Spain, in part, by grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (FIS/PI1100095)

Comparative complete scheme and booster effectiveness of COVID‐19 vaccines in preventing SARS‐CoV‐2 infections with SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron (BA.1) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants: A case–case study based on electronic health records

Background: Information on vaccine effectiveness in a context of novel variants of concern (VOC) emergence is of key importance to inform public health policies. This study aimed to estimate a measure of comparative vaccine effectiveness between Omicron (BA.1) and Delta (B.1.617.2 and sub-lineages) VOC according to vaccination exposure (primary or booster). Methods: We developed a case–case study using data on RT-PCR SARS-CoV2-positive cases notified in Portugal during Weeks 49–51, 2021. To obtain measure of comparative vaccine effectiveness, we compared the odds of vaccination in Omicron cases versus Delta using logistic regression adjusted for age group, sex, region, week of diagnosis, and laboratory of origin. Results: Higher odds of vaccination were observed in cases infected by Omicron VOC compared with Delta VOC cases for both complete primary vaccination (odds ratio [OR] = 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8 to 2.4) and booster dose (OR = 5.2; 95% CI: 3.1 to 8.8), equivalent to reduction of vaccine effectiveness from 44.7% and 92.8%, observed against infection with Delta, to 6.0% (95% CI: 29.2% to 12.7%) and 62.7% (95% CI: 35.7% to 77.9%), observed against infection with Omicron, for complete primary vaccination and booster dose, respectively. Conclusion: Consistent reduction in vaccine-induced protection against infection with Omicron was observed. Complete primary vaccination may not be protective against SARS-CoV-2 infection in regions where Omicron variant is dominant.Grant no. 2021/PHF/23776; POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022184; Project ALG-D2-2021-06info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com lesões de pele atendidos em uma instituição de saúde da região do Campo das Vertentes, Minas Gerais / Epidemiological profile of patients with skin lesions treated at a health institution in the Campo das Vertentes region, Minas Gerais

Objetivo: Verificar as características clínicas e demográficas dos pacientes cirúrgicos atendidos em uma instituição de saúde da região do Campo das Vertentes em Minas Gerais. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico observacional e transversal, feito com 116 pacientes de operação eletiva, atendidos no período de agosto de 2018 a novembro de 2018. Foram estudadas as variáveis: idade, sexo, comorbidades, diagnóstico definitivo e localização da lesão. O estudo foi aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Predominaram pacientes do sexo feminino (62%), na faixa etária de 18 a 59 anos (62%) e lesões de localização em cabeça e pescoço (51,7%). Conclusão: O perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes cirúrgicos atendidos na instituição de saúde foi: sexo feminino, faixa etária de 18 a 59 anos, com lesões em face. O conhecimento dessas características dos pacientes cirúrgicos é fundamental para o planejamento de cuidados e para adoção de políticas públicas que visam a prevenção do câncer de pele

Avaliação físico-química e microbiológica de águas procedentes de soluções alternativas de abastecimento na Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Water is essential to life but its contamination may endanger public health. This study evaluated the physical-chemical and microbiological quality of alternative water supply solutions located in the Baixada Santista / SP. 67 samples (41 water spouts, 13 springs and 13 wells) were initially collected, and then 22 new collections were made. Total coliforms and Escherichia coli, according to the methodology of APHA (2012) and the contents of chloride, free residual chlorine (in treated waters), apparent color, hardness, iron, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, odor, pH, total dissolved solids, and sulfate turbidity, were counted according to the techniques described by ANVISA (2005). Of the total of the samples, 56 (83,6%) were not in compliance with Decree 2914/2011 of the Ministry of Health, which refers to the potability of water for human consumption. The tests with the highest percentage of unsatisfactory results were E. coli, 39 (58,2%); apparent color 16 (23,9%) and nitrate, 15 (22,4%). A frequent monitoring of the quality of these waters is suggested – carrying out measures for their treatment, such as chlorination-, as well as a clarification to consumers about the quality of these waters by the competent bodies and the media for the benefit of the population’s health.A água é indispensável e essencial à vida, mas sua contaminação pode colocar em risco a saúde pública. Foram avaliadas a qualidade físico-química e a microbiológica da água de soluções alternativas de abastecimento localizadas na Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista/SP. Foram coletadas 67 amostras (41 de água de bicas, 13 de nascentes e 13 de poços) e realizadas 22 novas coletas, quanto à pesquisa e contagem de coliformes totais e Escherichia coli, conforme a metodologia da APHA (2012) e os teores de cloreto, cloro residual livre (nas águas tratadas), cor aparente, dureza, ferro, fluoreto, nitrato, nitrito, odor, pH, sólidos totais dissolvidos, sulfato e turbidez, segundo as técnicas descritas pela Anvisa (2005). Do total, 56 (83,6%) foram reprovadas com base na Portaria no 2.914/2011 do Ministério da Saúde, que dispõe sobre a potabilidade da água para consumo humano. Os ensaios com maior percentual de resultados insatisfatórios foram: E. coli, 39 (58,2%); cor aparente, 16 (23,9%) e nitrato, 15 (22,4%). Sugere-se um monitoramento frequente da qualidade das referidas águas, a realização de medidas para o seu tratamento, como a cloração, e um esclarecimento aos consumidores quanto à qualidade dessas águas por parte dos órgãos competentes e da mídia em benefício da saúde da população