Seasonal variation characteristics of fungi aerosol tracers in the northern Zhejiang Province

One year-long PM2.5 field sampling was conducted at four representative sites in the Northern Zhejiang Province (NZP) from December 2014 to November 2015. Fungi aerosol tracers such as arabitol and mannitol have been measured by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) -triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Seasonal variation characteristics and sources of fungal aerosol tracers in NZP area were studied. The annual averaged concentrations of arabitol and mannitol in NZP were (5.6 ± 0.7) and (5.7 ± 1.3) ng·m-3, respectively. The elevated fungal aerosol tracers in summer could be attributed to the intensive local biomass burning and effect of wet and warm weather conditions favorable for the release of fungal spores. The contributions of fungal spores to the organic carbon (OC), estimated using mannitol-based conversion factor, were below 1 % at all sampling sites. The results from principle component analysis (PCA) also showed that fungal spore tracers (arabitol, mannitol) and biomass burning tracers (levoglucosan, mannosan, galactosan, nss-K+) were mostly grouped within the same component contributing to PM2.5 mass during the whole sampling campaign, indicating a continuous influence from biomass burning to the airborne fungal spores in NZP

Seasonal variation characteristics of fungi aerosol tracers in the northern Zhejiang Province

One year-long PM2.5 field sampling was conducted at four representative sites in the Northern Zhejiang Province (NZP) from December 2014 to November 2015. Fungi aerosol tracers such as arabitol and mannitol have been measured by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) -triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Seasonal variation characteristics and sources of fungal aerosol tracers in NZP area were studied. The annual averaged concentrations of arabitol and mannitol in NZP were (5.6 ± 0.7) and (5.7 ± 1.3) ng·m-3, respectively. The elevated fungal aerosol tracers in summer could be attributed to the intensive local biomass burning and effect of wet and warm weather conditions favorable for the release of fungal spores. The contributions of fungal spores to the organic carbon (OC), estimated using mannitol-based conversion factor, were below 1 % at all sampling sites. The results from principle component analysis (PCA) also showed that fungal spore tracers (arabitol, mannitol) and biomass burning tracers (levoglucosan, mannosan, galactosan, nss-K+) were mostly grouped within the same component contributing to PM2.5 mass during the whole sampling campaign, indicating a continuous influence from biomass burning to the airborne fungal spores in NZP

How to Obtain the Correct Rabi Splitting in a Subwavelength Interacting System

We unambiguously extract the individual decay channels of a coupled plasmon-exciton system by using correlated single-particle absorption and scattering measurements. A remarkable difference in the two channels is presentclear Rabi splitting in the plasmon channel but no Rabi splitting in the exciton channel. Discordance in the absorption and scattering spectra are mainly originated from the distinct contributions of plasmon and exciton channels in the absorption and scattering process. Our findings provide insights into plasmon-exciton interaction in an open cavity and can impact the design of plexcitonic devices for ultrafast nonlinear nanophotonics