Variação na estrutura do habitat afetando a composição de abelhas e vespas solitárias em remanescentes florestais urbanos de Mata Atlântica no Nordeste do Brasil

Habitat disruption affects pollinator populations by reducing the suitable habitat. Determining habitat characteristics which explain variation of the pollinator composition is important in understanding how habitat alteration can affect their population dynamics. We related compositional patterns of solitary bees and wasps to environmental factors in urban fragments of forest in Salvador, Bahia (13º01’ S and 38º31’ W), Brazil. The study was conducted from November 2001 to January 2003. Bees and wasps were sampled in 14 selected points distributed along the two fragments. The habitat variables were measured in each point. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was performed to determine the factors affecting the composition of bees and wasps. Colonization of trap nests by bees and wasps was significantly influenced by the microhabitat characteristics, such as forest canopy, density of understory and sunlight exposition. However, the composition of Euglossina did not vary significantly along the habitat quality gradient. Results of this study show a tendency of richness and abundance decrease in highly disturbed points. More experiments in habitat requirements are needed to predict the effect of habitat alteration over pollinators’ population.Determinar as características do habitat que explicam a variação da composição dos polinizadores é importante para compreender como a alteração do habitat pode afetar a dinâmica de suas populações. Neste estudo, os padrões da composição de abelhas e vespas solitárias foram relacionados aos fatores ambientais em fragmentos urbanos em Salvador, Bahia (13º01’ S e 38º31’ W), Brasil. O estudo foi realizado de novembro de 2001 a janeiro de 2003. As abelhas e vespas foram amostradas em 14 pontos selecionados e distribuídos ao longo de dois fragmentos. Variáveis ambientais referentes à estrutura do habitat foram mensuradas em cada ponto. A análise Canônica de Correspondência (CCA) foi realizada para determinar quais fatores estariam afetando a composição de abelhas e vespas. A colonização dos ninhos armadilha por abelhas e vespas foi significativamente influenciada pelas características do microhabitat, como cobertura do dossel da floresta, densidade do sub-bosque e exposição ao sol. Entretanto, a composição de Euglossina não variou significativamente ao longo do gradiente de qualidade do habitat. Os resultados mostraram uma tendência de redução da riqueza e abundância em pontos amostrais altamente perturbados. Sugere-se a necessidade de experimentos sobre os requerimentos de habitat para prever os efeitos da alteração do habitat sobre as populações de polinizadores

Negative impacts of dominance on bee communities: Does the influence of invasive honey bees differ from native bees?

Invasive species can reach high abundances and dominate native environments. One of the most impressive examples of ecological invasions is the spread of the African subspecies of the honey bee throughout the Americas, starting from its introduction in a single locality in Brazil. The invasive honey bee is expected to more negatively impact bee community abundance and diversity than native dominant species, but this has not been tested previously. We developed a comprehensive and systematic bee sampling scheme, using a protocol deploying 11,520 pan traps across regions and crops for three years in Brazil. We found that invasive honey bees are now the single most dominant bee species. Such dominance has not only negative consequences for abundance and species richness of native bees but also for overall bee abundance (i.e., strong “numerical” effects of honey bees). Contrary to expectations, honey bees did not have stronger negative impacts than other native bees achieving similar levels of dominance (i.e., lack of negative “identity” effects of honey bees). These effects were markedly consistent across crop species, seasons and years, and were independent from land-use effects. Dominance could be a proxy of bee community degradation and more generally of the severity of ecological invasions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mesotelioma peritoneal maligno

Mesothelioma is a rare tumor which is often related to asbestos exposure. It represents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its rarity and aggressiveness. The authors present a case report of malignant peritoneal emphasizing relevant aspects of current literature about the topic.O mesotelioma é tumor raro, freqüentemente relacionado à exposição ao asbesto. Representa um desafio diagnóstico e terapêutico devido à sua raridade e agressividade. Os autores apresentam relato de caso de mesotelioma maligno peritoneal, enfocando aspectos relevantes da literatura atual sobre o tema

Cytotoxic and toxicological effects of phthalimide derivatives on tumor and normal murine cells

Moreira, Diogo Rodrigo de Magalhães “Documento produzido em parceria ou por autor vinculado à Fiocruz, mas não consta à informação no documento”.Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2017-07-31T18:21:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferreira PMP Cytotoxic and toxicological....pdf: 4094868 bytes, checksum: d5e028316d2b5ededa8fc20b950342e6 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2017-07-31T18:37:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferreira PMP Cytotoxic and toxicological....pdf: 4094868 bytes, checksum: d5e028316d2b5ededa8fc20b950342e6 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-31T18:37:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferreira PMP Cytotoxic and toxicological....pdf: 4094868 bytes, checksum: d5e028316d2b5ededa8fc20b950342e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (FUNCAP) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Piauí (FAPEPI)Universidade Federal do Piauí. Departamento de Biofísica e Fisiologia. Teresina, PI, Brasil / Universidade Federal do Piauí. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Teresina, PI, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará. Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará. Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará. Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Piauí. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Teresina, PI, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Piauí. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas. Teresina, PI, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Pernambuco. Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas. Recife, PE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Pernambuco. Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas. Recife, PE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará. Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Pernambuco. Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas. Recife, PE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará. Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia. Fortaleza, CE, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilOnze derivados da ftalimida foram avaliados quanto a sua atividade antiproliferativa em células tumorais e normais e possíveis efeitos tóxicos. Avaliou-se a citotoxicidade contra tumores murinos (células de Sarcoma 180 e B-16/F-10) e células mononucleares do sangue perférico (CMSP) usando os ensaios de MTT e Alamar Blue. Em seguida, a investigação de citotoxicidade foi executada por citometria de fluxo e potencial antitumoral e toxicológico por meio de métodos in vivo. As moléculas 3b, 3c, 4 e 5 revelaram citotoxicidade in vitro contra Sarcoma 180, B-16/F-10 e PBMC. Uma vez que o composto 4 foi o derivado mais efetivo, ele foi escolhido para detalhar o mecanismo de ação após 24, 48 e 72h de exposição (22.5 e 45 μM). Células de Sarcoma 180 tratadas com o composto 4 mostraram desintegração de membrana, fragmentação de DNA e despolarização mitocondrial de maneira tempo e concentracão dependente. Os compostos 3c, 4 e 5 (50 mg/kg/dia) não inibiu o crescimento tumoral in vivo. Os animals tratados com o composto 4 exibiram aumento do total de leucócitos, linfócitos e no peso relativo do baço, diminuição de neutrófilos e hiperplasia da polpa branca esplênica. Os animais tratados apresentaram alterações histológicas reversíveis. A molécula 4 tem ação antiproliferativa in vitro provavelmente por ativação de apoptose, efeitos tóxicos reversíveis e exibiu propriedades imunoestimulantes que podem ser exploradas para atacar células neoplásicas.Eleven phthalimide derivatives were evaluated with regards to their antiproliferative activity on tumor and normal cells and possible toxic effects. Cytotoxic analyses were performed against murine tumors (Sarcoma 180 and B-16/F-10 cells) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using MTT and Alamar Blue assays. Following, the investigation of cytotoxicity was executed by flow cytometry analysis and antitumoral and toxicological potential by in vivo techniques. The molecules 3b, 3c, 4 and 5 revealed in vitro cytotoxicity against Sarcoma 180, B-16/F-10 and PBMC. Since compound 4 was the most effective derivative, it was chosen to detail the mechanism of action after 24, 48 and 72 h exposure (22.5 and 45 µM). Sarcoma 180 cells treated with compound 4 showed membrane disruption, DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial depolarization in a time- and dose-dependent way. Compounds 3c, 4 and 5 (50 mg/kg/day) did not inhibit in vivo tumor growth. Compound 4-treated animals exhibited an increase in total leukocytes, lymphocytes and spleen relative weight, a decreasing in neutrophils and hyperplasia of spleen white pulp. Treated animals presented reversible histological changes. Molecule 4 had in vitro antiproliferative action possibly triggered by apoptosis, reversible toxic effects on kidneys, spleen and livers and exhibited immunostimulant properties that can be explored to attack neoplasic cells

Negative impacts of dominance on bee communities: Does the influence of invasive honey bees differ from native bees?

Invasive species can reach high abundances and dominate native environments. One of the most impressive examples of ecological invasions is the spread of the African subspecies of the honey bee throughout the Americas, starting from its introduction in a single locality in Brazil. The invasive honey bee is expected to more negatively impact bee community abundance and diversity than native dominant species, but this has not been tested previously. We developed a comprehensive and systematic bee sampling scheme, using a protocol deploying 11,520 pan traps across regions and crops for three years in Brazil. We found that invasive honey bees are now the single most dominant bee species. Such dominance has not only negative consequences for abundance and species richness of native bees but also for overall bee abundance (i.e., strong “numerical” effects of honey bees). Contrary to expectations, honey bees did not have stronger negative impacts than other native bees achieving similar levels of dominance (i.e., lack of negative “identity” effects of honey bees). These effects were markedly consistent across crop species, seasons and years, and were independent from land-use effects. Dominance could be a proxy of bee community degradation and more generally of the severity of ecological invasions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Development and validation of the MMCD score to predict kidney replacement therapy in COVID-19 patients

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequently associated with COVID-19, and the need for kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is considered an indicator of disease severity. This study aimed to develop a prognostic score for predicting the need for KRT in hospitalised COVID-19 patients, and to assess the incidence of AKI and KRT requirement. Methods This study is part of a multicentre cohort, the Brazilian COVID-19 Registry. A total of 5212 adult COVID-19 patients were included between March/2020 and September/2020. Variable selection was performed using generalised additive models (GAM), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used for score derivation. Accuracy was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). Results The median age of the model-derivation cohort was 59 (IQR 47–70) years, 54.5% were men, 34.3% required ICU admission, 20.9% evolved with AKI, 9.3% required KRT, and 15.1% died during hospitalisation. The temporal validation cohort had similar age, sex, ICU admission, AKI, required KRT distribution and in-hospital mortality. The geographic validation cohort had similar age and sex; however, this cohort had higher rates of ICU admission, AKI, need for KRT and in-hospital mortality. Four predictors of the need for KRT were identified using GAM: need for mechanical ventilation, male sex, higher creatinine at hospital presentation and diabetes. The MMCD score had excellent discrimination in derivation (AUROC 0.929, 95% CI 0.918–0.939) and validation (temporal AUROC 0.927, 95% CI 0.911–0.941; geographic AUROC 0.819, 95% CI 0.792–0.845) cohorts and good overall performance (Brier score: 0.057, 0.056 and 0.122, respectively). The score is implemented in a freely available online risk calculator ( https://www.mmcdscore.com/ ). Conclusions The use of the MMCD score to predict the need for KRT may assist healthcare workers in identifying hospitalised COVID-19 patients who may require more intensive monitoring, and can be useful for resource allocation