Матеріали інформаційно-методичного забезпечення дисципліни «Правоохоронне право (Суд)»

Одержані знання дозволять студентам сформувати фаховий світогляд, пізнати органічні зв’язки даної навчальної дисципліни з іншими академічними курсами. Вибіркова дисципліна «Правоохоронне право (Суд)» межує з такими правовими дисциплінами, як ”Судові та правоохоронні органи України”, «Цивільне право», «Кримінальне право», «Цивільний процес», «Кримінальний процес», «Адміністративне судочинство», «Господарське право», «Господарський процес» та інші.Вибіркова дисципліна «Правоохоронне право (Суд)» займає особливе місце в навчальному плані і є невід’ємним фактором правової системи й основним недержавним інститутом захисту особистості, її прав і свобод. Зміст цієї навчальної дисципліни складається із знань, що регулюють діяльність суду – захисника у сфері судочинства, судового захисту прав та інтересів людей

Effectiveness of a national quality improvement programme to improve survival after emergency abdominal surgery (EPOCH): a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial

Background: Emergency abdominal surgery is associated with poor patient outcomes. We studied the effectiveness of a national quality improvement (QI) programme to implement a care pathway to improve survival for these patients. Methods: We did a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial of patients aged 40 years or older undergoing emergency open major abdominal surgery. Eligible UK National Health Service (NHS) hospitals (those that had an emergency general surgical service, a substantial volume of emergency abdominal surgery cases, and contributed data to the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit) were organised into 15 geographical clusters and commenced the QI programme in a random order, based on a computer-generated random sequence, over an 85-week period with one geographical cluster commencing the intervention every 5 weeks from the second to the 16th time period. Patients were masked to the study group, but it was not possible to mask hospital staff or investigators. The primary outcome measure was mortality within 90 days of surgery. Analyses were done on an intention-to-treat basis. This study is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN80682973. Findings: Treatment took place between March 3, 2014, and Oct 19, 2015. 22 754 patients were assessed for elegibility. Of 15 873 eligible patients from 93 NHS hospitals, primary outcome data were analysed for 8482 patients in the usual care group and 7374 in the QI group. Eight patients in the usual care group and nine patients in the QI group were not included in the analysis because of missing primary outcome data. The primary outcome of 90-day mortality occurred in 1210 (16%) patients in the QI group compared with 1393 (16%) patients in the usual care group (HR 1·11, 0·96–1·28). Interpretation: No survival benefit was observed from this QI programme to implement a care pathway for patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. Future QI programmes should ensure that teams have both the time and resources needed to improve patient care. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research Programme

Effectiveness of a national quality improvement programme to improve survival after emergency abdominal surgery (EPOCH): a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial

BACKGROUND: Emergency abdominal surgery is associated with poor patient outcomes. We studied the effectiveness of a national quality improvement (QI) programme to implement a care pathway to improve survival for these patients. METHODS: We did a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial of patients aged 40 years or older undergoing emergency open major abdominal surgery. Eligible UK National Health Service (NHS) hospitals (those that had an emergency general surgical service, a substantial volume of emergency abdominal surgery cases, and contributed data to the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit) were organised into 15 geographical clusters and commenced the QI programme in a random order, based on a computer-generated random sequence, over an 85-week period with one geographical cluster commencing the intervention every 5 weeks from the second to the 16th time period. Patients were masked to the study group, but it was not possible to mask hospital staff or investigators. The primary outcome measure was mortality within 90 days of surgery. Analyses were done on an intention-to-treat basis. This study is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN80682973. FINDINGS: Treatment took place between March 3, 2014, and Oct 19, 2015. 22 754 patients were assessed for elegibility. Of 15 873 eligible patients from 93 NHS hospitals, primary outcome data were analysed for 8482 patients in the usual care group and 7374 in the QI group. Eight patients in the usual care group and nine patients in the QI group were not included in the analysis because of missing primary outcome data. The primary outcome of 90-day mortality occurred in 1210 (16%) patients in the QI group compared with 1393 (16%) patients in the usual care group (HR 1·11, 0·96-1·28). INTERPRETATION: No survival benefit was observed from this QI programme to implement a care pathway for patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. Future QI programmes should ensure that teams have both the time and resources needed to improve patient care. FUNDING: National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research Programme

Food, Health and the Consumer: A European Perspective

This article summarises the findings of a major study carried out under the FAST (Forecasting and Assessment in Science and Technology) programme of the EEC on food, health and the consumer. Further articles on specific parts of the study will be published in future issues of Farm and Food Research. The findings are applicable to most developed countries including Ireland and if implemented could have a significant affect on human health and also on food production and processing methods.Commission of the European Communities (FAST Programme, DG XII)Mr. M. McClowskey of Boyne Valley Food Ltd.Deposited by bulk impor

Food and Health in the Year 2010

Using a previous report for the FAST ALIM 2 programme as a springboard, projections are made of future (to the year 2010) developments in Europe in the understanding of the relationship between food and health. Implicit in these projections is the assumption that no cataclysmic economic event(s) occurs in the interim period but rather that an evolution of current economic and political trends continues without significant medium to long-term disruption. Should this assumption prove false, major changes in national and international priorities may alter the relative importance of the topics highlighted.Deposited by bulk impor

Food and Health - A European Perspective

In Europe at present there is unprecedented interest in food and health. This ranges from the concern of individual consumers in relation to healthy eating ti that of government ministers who are faced with the enormous cost of health care and who are increasingly realising that the answer may be in preventive medicine. In Europe, the prominent position of the common agricultural policy (CAP) has resulted in a major policy input at production agriculture level; however, few, if any, corresponding policies have been applied to the downstream food areas and this represents a major deficiency in development/control of the European food system. The present study is therefore both timely and topical. It had three components (Table 1) and was based on major reviews of the scientific, trade and popular literature. To this foundation was added the distilled views of international experts who were contacted personally or who took part in a project-steering workshop held in Dublin in March 1986. The extensive findings and recommendations of the project have been published and are summarised in the following sections.Deposited by bulk impor

Experimenting with agile – first things first

Faced with challenges in relation to interpretation of requirements, issues with build and deployment and excessive integration defects, this paper examines how a software team propose using a novel combination of Covey’s ‘First Things First’ principle and Cockburn’s Methodology Shaping, as a potential solution to examine their current process and define a new set of working conventions which will address these issues

Study design and subject baseline characteristics in the ADVANCE Study: effects of cinacalcet on vascular calcification in haemodialysis patients

Background The ADVANCE (A Randomized Study to Evaluate the Effects of Cinacalcet plus Low-Dose Vitamin D on Vascular Calcification in Subjects with Chronic Kidney Disease Receiving Haemodialysis) Study objective is to assess the effect of cinacalcet plus low-dose active vitamin D versus flexible dosing of active vitamin D on progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) in haemodialysis patients. We report the ADVANCE Study design and baseline subject characteristics. Methods ADVANCE is a multinational, multicentre, randomized, open-label study. Adult haemodialysis patients with moderate to severe secondary hyperparathyroidism (intact parathyroid hormone [iPTH] >300 pg/mL or bio-intact PTH >160 pg/mL) and baseline CAC score >or=30 were stratified by CAC score (>or=30-399, >or=400-999, >or=1000) and randomized in a 1:1 ratio to cinacalcet (30-180 mg/day) plus low-dose active vitamin D (cinacalcet group) or flexible dosing of active vitamin D alone (control). The study had three phases: screening, 20-week dose titration and 32-week follow-up. CAC scores obtained by cardiac computed tomography were determined at screening and weeks 28 and 52. The primary end point was percentage change in CAC score from baseline to Week 52. Results Subjects (n = 360) were randomized to cinacalcet or control. Mean age was 61.5 years, 43% were women, and median dialysis vintage was 36.7 months (range, 2.7-351.5 months). The baseline geometric mean CAC score by the Agatston method was 548.7 (95% confidence interval, 480.5-626.6). Baseline CAC score was independently associated with age, sex, dialysis vintage, diabetes and iPTH. Subjects also had extensive aortic and valvular calcification at baseline. Conclusions Subjects enrolled in ADVANCE have extensive CAC at baseline. The ADVANCE Study should help determine whether cinacalcet attenuates progression of vascular calcification