The Expansion of Higher Education and Post-Materialistic Attitudes to Work in Europe : Evidence from the European Values Study

The article focuses on the relationship between higher education and post-materialistic attitudes to work, and how it has changed following the recent expansion of systems of higher education in Europe. Using data from the European Values Study on 28 countries with the time frame between 1990 and 2008, the analysis shows that the previously observed link between higher education and post-materialism also applies to work values. Higher-educated Europeans were both more post-materialistic and less materialistic in their work orientations than their lower-educated counterparts. This association was, however, weakened by tertiary expansion. Work-related post-materialism declined with the increasing share of university-educated individuals in the working-age population. Interestingly, so, too, did work-related materialism, yet only until the expansion reached 25%, then it gradually increased. It is suggested that these developments, at least in part, stem from the changing position of higher-educated workers in the labour market

Measurement and analysis of audio-frequency differential disturbances in distribution systems

Práce se zabývá rušivými napětími ve středofrekvenční oblasti šířených v distribučních sítích. V teoretické části je rozebrán vznik a vliv těchto rušení a současné metody jejich měření. V rámci praktické části bylo vyvinuto měřící zařízení založené na frekvenčním filtru schopné měřit středofrekvenční rušení do 250 kHz, bez potlačení středofrekvenčních rušení. Horní frekvence je omezena na výstupu filtrem na 125 kHz nebo 250 kHz.This thesis deals with voltage disturbances in audio-frequency propagated in distribution networks. In the theoretical part, a creation and effect of these interferences are discussed as well as current methods of their measurement. In the practical part of the thesis, a measurement device based on a frequency filter was developed. This measurement device is able to measure audio-frequency disturbances up to 250kHz without suppresion of audio-frequency disturbances. The maximum frequency on the output is limited by either 125kHz or 250 kHz filter.

The reactive power compensation of the industrial consumer

Práce se zabývá kompenzací jalového výkonu v praxi. V teoretické části práce jsou uvedeny základní principy kompenzace jalového výkonu. Dále zpoplatnění za nedodržení účiníku a popis jednotlivých kompenzačních komponentů. Praktická část řeší návrh kompenzátoru na hladině nízkého napětí pro průmyslového odběratele, včetně ekonomického zhodnocení. Kompenzátor je navržen jako centrální kompenzace se stupňovitým spínáním.This thesis is about reactive-power compensation used in real practise. In theoretical part, basic principles of reactive-power compensation are stated. Also, charges for breaching power factor and overview of individual compensation components are dealth with. Practical part is about the design of a low voltage compensator for industrial customer.Compensator uses central compensation with gradual switching.

Age and gender difference in ICT literacy and biometrics knowledge

Accelerated digitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic and the transition from mobile phones to smartphones have increased the need for ICT literacy among the general public, including knowledge of the potential risks and their management. Generally, it is assumed that some population groups are more at risk of being left behind. Original empirical data collected in autumn 2020 as part of the PRECOBI project were used to identify the sociodemographic groups at risk of insufficient knowledge of biometrics and ICT safety. The novelty Biometrics Knowledge and ICT Safety Index (BIKIS index) was constructed to identify these and analyzed in the context of the Czech Republic. The OLS regression shows that the combination of higher age and lower education is associated with the highest risk of digital illiteracy, potentially resulting in digital exclusion. Regarding biometrics and ICT safety knowledge, the age of 50 is the cut-off point, with those with elementary and lower secondary education at a disadvantage compared to those with higher levels of education. The results show that in terms of ICT literacy, old age starts considerably earlier than in other societal contexts, which is important to note when designing ICT and biometrics-related risk mitigation strategies. The role of early life educational attainment should be supported to ensure ICT literacy in later life.Accelerated digitalization during the COVID-19 pandemic and the transition from mobile phones to smartphones have increased the need for ICT literacy among the general public, including knowledge of the potential risks and their management. Generally, it is assumed that some population groups are more at risk of being left behind. Original empirical data collected in autumn 2020 as part of the PRECOBI project were used to identify the sociodemographic groups at risk of insufficient knowledge of biometrics and ICT safety. The novelty Biometrics Knowledge and ICT Safety Index (BIKIS index) was constructed to identify these and analyzed in the context of the Czech Republic. The OLS regression shows that the combination of higher age and lower education is associated with the highest risk of digital illiteracy, potentially resulting in digital exclusion. Regarding biometrics and ICT safety knowledge, the age of 50 is the cut-off point, with those with elementary and lower secondary education at a disadvantage compared to those with higher levels of education. The results show that in terms of ICT literacy, old age starts considerably earlier than in other societal contexts, which is important to note when designing ICT and biometrics-related risk mitigation strategies. The role of early life educational attainment should be supported to ensure ICT literacy in later life

Scaling Down the PGCM Scale to Assess Views on Ageing More Efficiently : Finding a New Alternative

The aim of the study is to present a new and efficient way of measuring the quality of life among older populations, with special attention to morale, positive outlook on life and ageing. The measure is based on the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (PGCM), originally consisting of 22 items. The growing numbers and proportions of older people among European populations has increased the need to obtain more reliable data on their needs, values, life experiences and overall quality of life. Using data from six surveys conducted in the Czech Republic, we have formulated a three-item positive outlook on life and ageing (POLA) scale. Our analyses are divided into three steps: (1) constructing the scale and testing its internal consistency; (2) testing the scale’s external validity using mean comparisons and correlation coefficients; and (3) determining the factors affecting a positive outlook on later life, such as gender and education. We have confirmed that the three-item approach to measuring positive outlook on ageing as a part of morale is highly applicable to surveys, producing compelling results in assessing important quality-of-life sub-concepts, such as subjective health, subjective age, and loneliness

Evoluation of efficiency at the level of anerobic threshold in swimming and running of young triathlets in 2001-2009

Title: Evaluation of efficiency at the level of anaerobic threshold in swimming and runnin of young thriathlonists in phase 2000 - 2009 Aim: To evaluate changes in individual efficiency at the level of anaerobic threshold in swimming and running of junior triathlonists in phase 2001 - 2009 and to compare the average efficiency at the level of anaerobic threshold in running and swimming of junior triathlonists 1994 - 2000 and 2001 - 2009. Methods: Lactate anaerobic threshold has been set for swimming and running in cross- country conditions by the help of evaluation of the lactate curve. Cross-coutry tests 5 x 2km run and 4 x 300m swimming have been used for finding of anaerobic threshold. The results of anaerobic threshold measurement in swimming are processed by Laboratory of sport FTVS at the Charles University in personal computer software Laktat - Test Ver. 6.0 + by ETB - SOFT use. Its author is Mr. Ernst Böck from Austria. The parameters at the level of anaerobic threshold have been statistically processed. Results: Results of the thesis should contribute to the extension of the knowledge about the effeciency changes at the level of anaerobic threshold of thriatlonists in running and swimming. All this during specialized sport preparation. Recognized results and findings will be useful especially for..

Thomas A. DiPrete :Claudia Buchmann : The rise of women : the growing gender gap in education and what it means for American schools

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Progressive technology proposal of portal cover machining

Import 02/08/2007Prezenční346 - Katedra obrábění a montáž