The Integration of Self-Descriptions and Descriptions by Outside References in the Evaluation of Job Applicants

A study was conducted to determine how different types of information are combined to arrive at evaluations of hypothetical job applicants. Sixty subjects were asked to evaluate nine applicants for the position of elementary school principal. The information describing each applicant included a letter of self-description and from one to three letters from outside references. Results can be summarized as follows: (1) evaluative ratings of job applicants were directly related to the value (level of favorability) of the information contained in the outside letters of reference and the value of the information contained in the self-description; (2) the greater the number of favorable outside letters, the higher was the evaluation; (3) the relative weight or importance of a given self-description or outside reference was dependent upon the other pieces of information with which it was combined. A mathematical model which assumes that subjects average the values of the various types of information provided a good description of the applicant evaluation process

Donning a Novel Lower-Limb Restrictive Compression Garment During Training Augments Muscle Power and Strength

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(3): 890-899, 2020. The popularity of graduated compression garments (GCG) in sport and exercise is largely driven by the abundance of anecdotal claims suggesting their efficacy. A new line of compression apparel, restrictive compression garments (RCG), integrate novel resistance technology into lower-limb compression garments designed to provide variable resistance to movement. This study aimed to investigate the effect of donning an RCG during a 4-week training program on selected performance variables. Twelve college-aged males were recruited for four weeks of lower-body strength-power resistance training. Participants were randomized 1:1 and blinded to (i) an intervention group (RCG; n = 6) that donned a lower-body RCG during training or (ii) a control group (SHAM; n = 6) that donned a sham during identical training. Both groups demonstrated significant increases in 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) on a seated leg press after 4 weeks (both p \u3c 0.001), with RCG showing a significantly greater increase compared SHAM (p = 0.005, g = 3.35). Similarly, RCG demonstrated significantly greater increases in jump height, peak power, and average power compared to SHAM (p = 0.032, g = 3.44; p \u3c 0.001, g = 4.40; p \u3c 0.001, g = 4.50, respectively). Donning a RCG while engaging in lower-body strength-power training may augment increases 1-RM on a seated leg press, jump height, peak and average power, compared with same exercise training without an RCG

The ASEAN community-based tourism standards: looking beyond certification

This paper reports findings from an opportunity study on the appropriateness of implementing community-based tourism standards (CBTS) certification through the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) criteria, as a way to improve sustainable tourism provision in the region. Framed by critical reflections on community-based tourism (CBT) literature and existing sustainable tourism standards (STS) practices, qualitative research consisting of interviews with six key industry experts provided core insights into a number of CBTS’ implementation challenges. Findings indicate the main hindering factors for the implementation of CBTS to be the lack of adequate governance, limited funding and insufficient community capacity. The study concluded that although at the moment the full implementation of CBTS as a certification programme would be premature, ASEAN-CBTS’ criteria are a useful benchmarking and strategic planning tool for local communities, which would eventually lead to improved CBT benefits, standards and performance in the region. At the same time, this paper argues that aspects including CBT competitiveness and service delivery need to be tackled first to create fruitful grounding for CBT certification

Resolution Studies on Silicon Strip Sensors with fine Pitch

In June 2008 single-sided silicon strip sensors with 50 $\mu$m readout pitch were tested in a highly energetic pion beam at the SPS at CERN. The purpose of the test was to evaluate characteristic detector properties by varying the strip width and the number of intermediate strips. The experimental setup and first results for the spatial resolution are discussed.Comment: proceeding of the International Linear Collider Workshop 2008 (LCWS08); corrected typos, added reference for section

Lower Limb Graduated Compression Garments Modulate Autonomic Nervous System and Improve Post-Training Recovery Measured via Heart Rate Variability

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(7): 1794-1806, 2020. Prior studies have examined the benefits of graduated compression garments (GCG) with regards to diverse exercise regimens; however, the relationship between GCG and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) has not been fully explored. The aim of this study was to examine Heart Rate Variability (HRV) trends—a proxy for ANS modulation—in response to donning GCG during a progressive overload training regimen designed to induce overtraining. Ten college-aged male novice runners were recruited for the 8-week crossover study. After three weeks of monitored free living, participants were randomized and blinded to an intervention group that donned a lower-body GCG during a two-week exercise regimen or a control group that donned a visually identical but non-compressive sham during identical training. No significant difference in HRV was calculated by the natural logarithm of the root mean square of successive RR-interval differences (lnRMSSD) between the 3-week free-living baseline and GCG intervention periods (P = 0.3040). The mean lnRMSSD was greater during the free-living phase and GCG intervention compared to the sham placebo (P \u3c 0.001 and \u3c0.001 respectively). With regard to the daily fluctuation of lnRMSSD, no significant differences were found between free-living and intervention (P = 1.000). Conversely, the intervention period demonstrated reduced daily fluctuation of lnRMSSD relative to the Sham placebo group (P = 0.010). These novel findings posit that post training use of a commercially available graduated compression garment in novice runners may be effective in counteracting some deleterious effects from overtraining while attenuating its effects on vagally-mediated HRV

Protein secretion and outer membrane assembly in Alphaproteobacteria

The assembly of β-barrel proteins into membranes is a fundamental process that is essential in Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria and plastids. Our understanding of the mechanism of β-barrel assembly is progressing from studies carried out in Escherichia coli and Neisseria meningitidis. Comparative sequence analysis suggests that while many components mediating β-barrel protein assembly are conserved in all groups of bacteria with outer membranes, some components are notably absent. The Alphaproteobacteria in particular seem prone to gene loss and show the presence or absence of specific components mediating the assembly of β-barrels: some components of the pathway appear to be missing from whole groups of bacteria (e.g. Skp, YfgL and NlpB), other proteins are conserved but are missing characteristic domains (e.g. SurA). This comparative analysis is also revealing important structural signatures that are vague unless multiple members from a protein family are considered as a group (e.g. tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs in YfiO, β-propeller signatures in YfgL). Given that the process of the β-barrel assembly is conserved, analysis of outer membrane biogenesis in Alphaproteobacteria, the bacterial group that gave rise to mitochondria, also promises insight into the assembly of β-barrel proteins in eukaryotes

Energy Expenditure and Muscular Recruitment Patterns of Riding a Novel Electrically Powered Skateboard

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(4): 1783-1793, 2020. Analysis of metabolic gas exchange and muscular output measures have enabled researchers to index activity intensity and energy expenditure for a myriad of exercises. However, there is no current research that investigates the physiological demands of riding electrically powered skateboards. The aim of this study was to measure the energetic cost and muscular trends of riding a novel electrically powered skateboard engineered to emulate snowboarding on dry-land. While riding the skateboard, eight participants (aged 21-37 years, 1 female) donned a portable breath-by-breath gas analyzer to measure energy expenditure (mean = 12.5, SD = 2 kcal/min), maximum heart rate (mean = 158, SD = 27 bpm), and metabolic equivalent (mean = 10.5, SD = 2 kcal/kg/h). By comparison, snowboarding has a metabolic equivalent (MET) of 8.0. Per the Compendium of Physical Activities guidelines, the predicted MET values for riding an electrically powered skateboard qualifies as vigorous-intensity activity. Four participants additionally wore a surface EMG embedded garment to record the percentage of maximum voluntary contraction (%MVC) of lower limb muscle groups. The inner quadriceps had the most pronounced mean peak muscle activation of 145%MVC during frontside and 164%MVC during frontside turns. EMG recordings showed 11.7%MVC higher utilization during backside turns compared to frontside turns while riding the electrically powered skateboard, which is similar to trends observed in alpine snowboarders. Therefore, electrically powered skateboards may be a promising technology for snowboarders and non-snowboarders alike to burn calories and increase physical activity year-round

Temperature measurement and calibration in small punch creep testing machines and equipment

Serious lifetime estimation of machinery working in the power industry is conditioned by knowledge of an actual state of used construction materials. Determination of degradation degree by detection of mechanical properties of materials at machine parts used in operating conditions without the necessity of stopping operation of the apparatus and machine component disintegration in the past has led to the development of miniaturized test specimens associated with the emergence of special test procedures and methods. One of these methods is the small punch test (SPT) performed at room, low or elevated temperatures. Just testing temperature is one of the most important test parameters. The accuracy of measurement of this variable is a basic condition of repeatability, compatibility and comparability of the measured testing results. Very small specimen size, the way how it is stored in the heating system, the prescribed tolerance of measurement accuracy determines the way of measuring and controlling its temperature. One possible way of measuring specimen temperature is using a thermocouple directly touching its surface in the test process. However, this method is influenced by the unequal heat conduction between the specimen and the punch with the push pin in an upper direction and the cartridge sitting in the rod within the lower direction. How to determine the real specimen temperature in control systems of SPUTT500 testing machine is the subject of this paper

Magnetic anisotropy in van-der-Waals ferromagnet VI3

A comprehensive study of magnetocrystalline anisotropy of a layered van-der-Waals ferromagnet VI3 was performed. We measured angular dependences of the torque and magnetization with respect to the direction of the applied magnetic field within the "ac" plane perpendicular to and within the basal ab plane, respectively. A two-fold butterfly-like signal was detected by magnetization in the perpendicular "ac" plane. This signal symmetry remains conserved throughout all magnetic regimes as well as through the known structural transition down to the lowest temperatures. The maximum of the magnetization signal and the resulting magnetization easy axis is significantly tilted from the principal c axis by ~40{\deg}. The close relation of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy to the crystal structure was documented. In contrast, a two-fold-like angular signal was detected in the paramagnetic region within the ab plane in the monoclinic phase, which transforms into a six-fold-like signal below the Curie temperature TC. With further cooling, another six-fold-like signal with an angular shift of ~30{\deg} grows approaching TFM. Below TFM, in the triclinic phase, the original six-fold-like signal vanishes, being replaced by a secondary six-fold-like signal with an angular shift of ~30{\deg}.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figure