Bases expert statement on the use of music for movement among people with Parkinson's

First published in The Sport and Exercise Scientist, February 2020, Issue 63. Published by the British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences – www.bases.org.uk.Music is an artistic auditory stimulus that unfolds over time. It can prime specific actions and prompt engagement in physical activity as well as heighten motivation during motor tasks (Karageorghis, 2020). Contrastingly, it can be used to downregulate arousal to facilitate the transition from an active to a sedentary state or to ameliorate anxiety. In therapeutic applications, musical features such as rhythm, melody and harmony have been shown to elicit psychological and physiological changes (Thaut & Hoemberg, 2014). Parkinson’s is a degenerative neurological condition in which the loss of dopamine neurons results in impaired initiation and control of movement, with common symptoms including tremor, postural instability and gait disturbance. There are also non-motor effects that include apathy, anxiety and depression. Medication does not alleviate all manifestations of the condition and there is presently no known cure (Obeso et al., 2017). It is notable that people with Parkinson’s are estimated to be 30% less active than agematched peers (Ramaswamy et al., 2018). Nonetheless, evidence is emerging that a range of exercise-based and social activities that involve musical engagement can serve to address the common symptoms and enhance quality of life (Thaut & Hoemberg, 2014). This statement brings together an international interdisciplinary team to outline what is known about music-related applications for people with Parkinson’s, and to provide recommendations for exercise and health practitioners.Peer reviewe

Implementing the capability approach in health promotion projects: Recommendations for implementation based on empirical evidence.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper was to develop a framework for the use of the capability approach in health promotion projects, which could guide future projects as well as improve the comparability of the projects' effectiveness. METHOD The study involved a three-stage process comprising a total of six steps. We first developed a theoretical model and then analyzed data from four empirical studies that had implemented projects using the capability approach between 2015 and 2018 in the settings of kindergartens, schools, vocational training, and communities to promote an active lifestyle. Finally, we developed a framework for the use of the capability approach in health promotion projects based on the analysis of the data. RESULTS We developed a theoretical model of the "capability cycle," which was used for further analysis. There were divergent understandings of the capability approach due to existing theoretical constructs that are commonly used by the scientific teams of the projects. Further, the conceptualization, implementation, and evaluation of the capability approach within the four settings showed discrepancies, which inhibited a comparison of their effectiveness. The developed framework comprises recommendations regarding the planning of a project, its implementation, and especially its evaluation in future comparisons of project effectiveness. CONCLUSION This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of four projects for which we developed a framework using a participatory approach. The findings can help research teams in the conceptualization, implementation, and evaluation of future projects that focus on improving capabilities in the field of health promotion. Further, the established framework will help facilitate comparisons of capability-oriented health promotion projects in terms of their effectiveness

Exercise as a countermeasure to human ageing

In less than 200 years, life expectancy in the United Kingdom has doubled from ~40 to ~80 years, a trend mirrored in most developed and now developing countries. The healthogenic effects of staying active across the lifespan are widely promoted, yet only 36% of men and 18% of women >75 years of age in England achieve the physical activity guidelines of 150 min/wk. Reduced functional ability as we age is caused by a natural weakening of physiological systems, exacerbated by physical inactivity. This talk will discuss benefits of, and barriers to, physical activity and exercise in older cohorts, with a focus on resistance training

Physical activity practitioners: Reducing infection with coronavirus

Physical activity is carrying out a conscious voluntary physical effort, as the body gains health and protection from diseases. There are many different types of physical activities. It is possible to do walking, running, jumping, climbing, etc. These matters are important in a person’s life, so if the individual does not like a type Among them, there are many options, and there are many games that are practiced as a kind of entertaining sport such as football, basketball, and small games. Therefore, everyone must set hours per day to exercise, especially during the home ban that results in lack of movement, excessive eating, and more sleep with The possibility of weight gain and thus the high risk of developing serious and chronic diseases such as: diabetes, high blood pressure and arthritis, in addition to mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety, fatigue and stress, which in turn leads to psycho-motor disorders. The researchers used a questionnaire that was distributed to 80 persons from the Algerian community, whose ages ranged from 45-55 years, during which a set of questions was asked and the answers were closed in the selection of them chosen by the researchers, and the most important findings of the researchers in their study is that physical activity and exercise within the limits The house contributes effectively to feeling healthy and safe from diseases, improving the recreational side and avoiding psychological pressure

Psychometric Testing of GPAQ among the Thai Population

บทคัดย่อ วัตถุประสงค์: การศึกษาวิจัยเชิงพรรณนานี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อทดสอบความตรงและความเชื่อมั่นแบบทดสอบซ้ำของแบบสอบถามกิจกรรมการเคลื่อนไหวออกแรงและการออกกำลังกาย GPAQ ฉบับแปลในคนไทย วิธีการศึกษา: ทดสอบคุณสมบัติทางจิตวิทยาของแบบสอบถามในคนไทยจำนวน 160 คนอายุ 15 – 65 ปี ร่วมกับการประเมินเชิงภววิสัยที่ใช้เครื่องวัดกิจกรรมการเคลื่อนไหวในการทดสอบความตรงและความเชื่อมั่นแบบทดสอบซ้ำของ GPAQ ที่ผ่านการแปลย้อนกลับแล้ว ผลการศึกษา: พบว่า GPAQ มีค่าความสอดคล้องและค่าดัชนีความตรงของเครื่องมือที่แปลเท่ากับ 0.88 และ 0.99 ตามลำดับ พบว่า GPAQ มีความตรงตามสภาพระหว่างเมื่อเทียบกับ IPAQ ฉบับยาวในระดับยอมรับได้ (r = 0.75) ความตรงตามเกณฑ์ที่ค่อนข้างต่ำ (r = 0.33) และความเชื่อมั่นแบบทดสอบซ้ำที่ยอมรับได้ (r = 0.77) สรุป: เครื่องมือแบบสอบถามกิจกรรมการเคลื่อนไหวออกแรงและการออกกำลังกาย GPAQ มีความตรงและความเชื่อมั่นแบบทดสอบซ้ำที่ยอมรับได้ แต่ไม่สูงมากนัก ควรพัฒนาต่อไป คำสำคัญ: แบบสอบถามกิจกรรมการเคลื่อนไหวออกแรงและการออกกำลังกาย, ความตรง, ความเชื่อมั่น, การแปลกลับ   Abstract Objective: This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to assess the validity and test-retest reliability of the back-translated version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaires (GPAQ). Methods: GPAQ was completed by 160 Thai persons aged 15 to 65 years old coupled with objective measurement of physical activity (PA) using motion sensor to determine the validity and test-retest reliability of the back-translated questionnaire. Results: The inter-rater agreement and item-level for content validity index (I-CVIs) of the GPAQ were 0.88 and 0.99, respectively. Concurrent validity between the GPAQ and the long form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (LF IPAQ) was acceptable (r = 0.75). Criterion validity was relatively low (r = 0.33). Test-retest reliability was acceptable (r = 0.77). Conclusion: Validity and test-retest reliability of the GPAQ were in an acceptable level, if not too high. Further improvement is needed. Keywords: physical activity questionnaire, validity, reliability, back translatio

Feasibility and Comparative Effectiveness for the Delivery of the National Diabetes Prevention Program through Cooperative Extension in Rural Communities

The U.S. Cooperative Extension Service (CE) has potential to deliver the National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) to rural residents with prediabetes. However, the CE remains underutilized for the delivery of NDPP. We compared the feasibility/effectiveness of the NDPP (0–6 mos.) delivered by CE personnel to rural residents with prediabetes using Zoom® (CE-Zoom®) or by our research staff using Facebook® (FB). Adults (n = 31, age ~55 years) were enrolled (CE-Zoom® n = 16, FB n = 15). Attendance did not differ significantly between groups (CE Zoom® = 69%, FB = 83%, p = 0.15). Participant retention was similar in the CE Zoom® (88%) and FB groups (87%). CE-Zoom® and FB® groups provided weekly, self-monitoring data for 83% and 84% of the 24 potential weeks, respectively. Six-month weight loss was not different between groups (CE-Zoom® = −5.99 ± 8.0 kg, −5.4%, FB = −1.68 ± 3.3 kg, −1.6% p = 0.13). Participants achieving ≥5% weight loss was greater in the CE-Zoom® (44%) compared with the FB group (7%, p = 0.04). Participants achieving the NDPP program goal for physical activity (≥150 min/week) did not differ (CE-Zoom® = 75%, FB = 67%, p = 0.91). This pilot trial demonstrated the potential feasibility and effectiveness of the NDPP delivered by CE personnel in a group remote format (Zoom®) to adults with prediabetes living in rural areas

Association between 24-h movement guidelines and cardiometabolic health in Chilean adults

© The Author(s) 2022. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.This study aimed to examine the association between meeting 24-h movement guidelines and cardiometabolic health in Chilean adults. We used cross-sectional data of 2618 adults from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-2017. Meeting the 24-h movement guidelines was defined as ≥ 600 MET-min/week of physical activity; ≤ 8 h/day of sitting time; and 7 to 9 h/day of sleep duration. Cardiometabolic health indicators were body mass index, waist circumference, high triglycerides, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and risk of cardiovascular disease in a 10-year period. Meeting none out of three 24-h movement guidelines (vs all three) was associated with higher odds of overweight/obesity (OR 1.67; 95%CI 1.45 to 1.89), high waist circumference (1.65; 1.40 to 1.90), hypertension (2.88; 2.23 to 3.53), type 2 diabetes (1.60; 1.26 to 1.94), metabolic syndrome (1.97; 1.54 to 2.40) and risk of cardiovascular disease (1.50; 1.20, 1.80). Meeting one guideline (vs three) was associated with higher odds of five of out seven cardiometabolic indicators. Our study found that the composition of movement behaviors within a 24-h period may have important implications for cardiometabolic health.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Analysis of national physical activity and sedentary behaviour policies in China

Purpose The aims of this study were to advance knowledge on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) policies in China and to highlight related gaps and opportunities in the Chinese policy landscape. Methods Literature and web-based searches were performed to identify national PA and SB policies in China. We assessed which of the 17 elements of the Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Audit Tool (HEPA PAT, version 2) are included in each of the policy documents and whether and how they address the ‘cornerstones’ of PA and SB policy: PA and SB guidelines, targets, surveillance and monitoring, and public education programmes. Results We found 60 national PA and SB policies, of which 54 focused on PA only and 6 focused on both PA and SB. There was a rapid increase in the number of policies issued between 2002 and 2021. In totality, the policies include all 17 key elements for a successful national policy approach to PA promotion according to the HEPA PAT. The policies reflect engagement from a range of sectors and encompass PA targets, recommendations for PA and SB, mandates and recommendations for school-related PA, plans for public education on PA, and plans for surveillance and monitoring of PA and SB. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that there has been increasing focus on PA and SB policies in China, which reflects efforts by policymakers to address the health burden of insufficient PA and excessive SB. More emphasis may be placed on SB in Chinese policy, particularly in terms of setting specific targets for population SB. Policymakers and other relevant public health stakeholders in China could also consider developing or adopting the 24-hour movement guidelines, in accordance with recent trends in several other countries. Collaboration and involvement of different sectors in the development and implementation of Chinese PA and SB policies should continue to be facilitated as part of a whole-of-system approach to health promotion

Targeting exercise interventions to patients with cancer in need:An individual patient data meta-analysis

Background: Exercise effects in cancer patients often appear modest, possibly because interventions rarely target patients most in need. This study investigated the moderator effects of baseline values on the exercise outcomes of fatigue, aerobic fitness, muscle strength, quality of life (QoL), and self-reported physical function (PF) in cancer patients during and post-treatment. Methods: Individual patient data from 34 randomized exercise trials (n = 4519) were pooled. Linear mixed-effect models were used to study moderator effects of baseline values on exercise intervention outcomes and to determine whether these moderator effects differed by intervention timing (during vs post-treatment). All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Moderator effects of baseline fatigue and PF were consistent across intervention timing, with greater effects in patients with worse fatigue (Pinteraction = .05) and worse PF (Pinteraction = .003). Moderator effects of baseline aerobic fitness, muscle strength, and QoL differed by intervention timing. During treatment, effects on aerobic fitness were greater for patients with better baseline aerobic fitness (Pinteraction = .002). Post-treatment, effects on upper (Pinteraction < .001) and lower (Pinteraction = .01) body muscle strength and QoL (Pinteraction < .001) were greater in patients with worse baseline values. Conclusion: Although exercise should be encouraged for most cancer patients during and post-treatments, targeting specific subgroups may be especially beneficial and cost effective. For fatigue and PF, interventions during and post-treatment should target patients with high fatigue and low PF. During treatment, patients experience benefit for muscle strength and QoL regardless of baseline values; however, only patients with low baseline values benefit post-treatment. For aerobic fitness, patients with low baseline values do not appear to benefit from exercise during treatment