Schillers Räuber oder das Spiel mit der Performativität

The following paper examines Schiller’s play Die Räuber/The Robbers as well as the productions of the play by Nicolas Stemann (2008) and Antú Romero Nunes (2013) with regard to the performative construction of identity and stage reality. Both contemporary directors draw on the monologicity and the performative construction of identity the play displays; their productions can be perceived as rereadings of the play in the light of current theories of performativity

Formen des Miteinanders im frankophonen afrikanischen Theater

Im Theater wie in theoretischen Schriften setzen sich frankophone afrikanische Autor*innen mit neuen Formen des Zusammenlebens auseinander. Sie betreffen das Miteinander lokaler Bevölkerungen, aber auch die Kommunikation zwischen globalem  Norden und globalem Süden. Was in den theoretischen Schriften als Neubestimmung Afrikas erscheint und als Befreiung vom Entwicklungsparadigma des globalen Nordens, findet sich im Theatertext als Hinterfragung der Bedingungen von Kommunikation  und Veränderung wieder.  Anhand der Schriften von u.a. Achille Mbembe und Felwine Sarr wird ein Diskurs skizziert, der sich in zeitgenössischen Theatertexten fortsetzt, die Ausbeutung und Missachtung  anklagen, gleichzeitig aber Visionen anderer Formen des Miteinanders inszenieren.  Theater wird, mit Dieudonné Niangouna, als Ort des Widerstands sichtbar, der dazu aufruft, das „inter“ der Kommunikation neu zu denken.In theatre texts and theoretical writings, francophone African authors discuss new forms of living together in respect of local cohabitation but also in respect of forms of communication between the global North and the global South. While theoretical writings focus on new definitions of Africa and question the developmental paradigm of the global North, theatre plays question the conditions of communication and change. Drawing on writings by Achille Mbembe and Felwine Sarr, to name but a few, I will outline a discourse which interacts with contemporary theatre. There, exploitation and disregard are being highlighted next to visions of different forms of living together. Theatre, with Dieudonné Niangouna, can be regarded as a space of resistance which asks us to think the "inter" of communication differently

Formen des Miteinanders im frankophonen afrikanischen Theater

Im Theater wie in theoretischen Schriften setzen sich frankophone afrikanische Autor*innen mit neuen Formen des Zusammenlebens auseinander. Sie betreffen das Miteinander lokaler Bevölkerungen, aber auch die Kommunikation zwischen globalem  Norden und globalem Süden. Was in den theoretischen Schriften als Neubestimmung Afrikas erscheint und als Befreiung vom Entwicklungsparadigma des globalen Nordens, findet sich im Theatertext als Hinterfragung der Bedingungen von Kommunikation  und Veränderung wieder.  Anhand der Schriften von u.a. Achille Mbembe und Felwine Sarr wird ein Diskurs skizziert, der sich in zeitgenössischen Theatertexten fortsetzt, die Ausbeutung und Missachtung  anklagen, gleichzeitig aber Visionen anderer Formen des Miteinanders inszenieren.  Theater wird, mit Dieudonné Niangouna, als Ort des Widerstands sichtbar, der dazu aufruft, das „inter“ der Kommunikation neu zu denken

Verlusterfahrungen in den Romanen von Melinda Nadj Abonji und Saša Stanišić

Les romans Tauben fliegen auf de Abonji (2010) et Wie der Soldat das Grammofon repariert (2006) par Stanišić traitent, selon des modalités différentes, de la guerre en Yougoslavie et de ses conséquences. Le présent article s’attache aux changements subis par les principaux personnages du fait de la perte de leur patrie, montrant comment ils réussissent finalement à transformer la mélancolie en deuil. Dans les deux romans, des scènes de téléphone synthétisent l’échec de la communication et la rupture de la continuité. La narration répétitive par les narrateurs autodiégetiques atteste que cette séparation est conçue comme un processus visant à la reconstruction du sujet.The novels Tauben fliegen auf by Abonji (2010) and Wie der Soldat das Grammofon repariert (2006) by Stanišić deal in different ways with the war in former Yugoslavia and its consequences. This paper analyses the changes the main characters undergo as a result of the loss of their homeland. It shows how they can eventually transform melancholia into mourning. Especially important are scenes, in which former continuities fail and communication falters. It is most striking in the poignant recurrent telephone scenes in both novels. The repetition of narratives by both autodiegetic narrators confirms the processuality of separation. Its aim is the reconstruction of the subject.Die Romane Tauben fliegen auf von Abonji (2010) und Wie der Soldat das Grammofon repariert (2006) von Stanišić befassen sich auf unterschiedliche Weise mit dem Jugoslawienkrieg und seinen Folgen. Der Beitrag analysiert die Romane mit Blick auf die Veränderungen, die die Hauptfiguren als Reaktion auf den Verlust ihrer Heimat durchmachen, bis sie diesen Verlust von Melancholie in Trauer überführen können. Eine besondere Rolle spielt hierfür die Erfahrung gescheiterter Kontinuitäten und Kommunikationen. Sie verdichtet sich in den Telefonszenen der Romane. Das repetitive Erzählen der autodiegetischen Erzähler belegt die Prozessualität dieser Ablösung im Dienste der Rekonstruktion des Subjekts

Venomous secretions from marine snails of the Terebridae family target acetylcholine receptors

Venoms from cone snails (Conidae) have been extensively studied during the last decades, but those from other members of the suborder Toxoglossa, such as of Terebridae and Turridae superfamilies attracted less interest so far. Here, we report the effects of venom and gland extracts from three species of the superfamily Terebridae. By 2-electrode voltage-clamp technique the gland extracts were tested on Xenopus oocytes expressing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) of rat neuronal (α3β2, α3β4, α4β2, α4β4, α7) and muscle subtypes (α1β1γδ), and expressing potassium (Kv1.2 and Kv1.3) and sodium channels (Nav1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.6). The extracts were shown to exhibit remarkably high inhibitory activities on almost all nAChRs tested, in particular on the α7 subtype suggesting the presence of peptides of the A-superfamily from the venom of Conus species. In contrast, no effects on the potassium and sodium channels tested were observed. The venoms of terebrid snails may offer an additional source of novel biologically active peptides

relationships and interdependencies

Behavioral and personality characteristics are factors that may jointly regulate body weight. This study explored the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and self-reported behavioral and personality measures. These measures included eating behavior (based on the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire; Stunkard and Messick, 1985), sensitivity to reward and punishment (based on the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) scales) (Carver and White, 1994) and self-reported impulsivity (based on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11; Patton et al., 1995). We found an inverted U-shaped relationship between restrained eating and BMI. This relationship was moderated by the level of disinhibited eating. Independent of eating behavior, BIS and BAS responsiveness were associated with BMI in a gender-specific manner with negative relationships for men and positive relationships for women. Together, eating behavior and BIS/BAS responsiveness accounted for a substantial proportion of BMI variance (men: ∼25%, women: ∼32%). A direct relationship between self-reported impulsivity and BMI was not observed. In summary, our results demonstrate a system of linear and non-linear relationships between the investigated factors and BMI. Moreover, body weight status was not only associated with eating behavior (cognitive restraint and disinhibition), but also with personality factors not inherently related to an eating context (BIS/BAS). Importantly, these relationships differ between men and women

Salt-dependent regulation of a CNG channel subfamily in Arabidopsis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In <it>Arabidopsis thaliana</it>, the family of cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) is composed of 20 members. Previous studies indicate that plant CNGCs are involved in the control of growth processes and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. According to their proposed function as cation entry pathways these channels contribute to cellular cation homeostasis, including calcium and sodium, as well as to stress-related signal transduction. Here, we studied the expression patterns and regulation of <it>CNGC19 </it>and <it>CNGC20</it>, which constitute one of the five CNGC subfamilies.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>GUS, GFP and luciferase reporter assays were used to study the expression of <it>CNGC19 </it>and <it>CNGC20 </it>genes from <it>Arabidopsis thaliana </it>in response to developmental cues and salt stress. <it>CNGC19 </it>and <it>CNGC20 </it>were differentially expressed in roots and shoots. The <it>CNGC19 </it>gene was predominantly active in roots already at early growth stages. Major expression was observed in the phloem. <it>CNGC20 </it>showed highest promoter activity in mesophyll cells surrounding the veins. Its expression increased during development and was maximal in mature and senescent leaves. Both genes were upregulated in the shoot in response to elevated NaCl but not mannitol concentrations. While in the root, <it>CNGC19 </it>did not respond to changes in the salt concentration, in the shoot it was strongly upregulated in the observed time frame (6-72 hours). Salt-induction of <it>CNGC20 </it>was also observed in the shoot, starting already one hour after stress treatment. It occurred with similar kinetics, irrespective of whether NaCl was applied to roots of intact plants or to the petiole of detached leaves. No differences in K and Na contents of the shoots were measured in homozygous T-DNA insertion lines for <it>CNGC19 </it>and <it>CNGC20</it>, respectively, which developed a growth phenotype in the presence of up to 75 mM NaCl similar to that of the wild type.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Together, the results strongly suggest that both channels are involved in the salinity response of different cell types in the shoot. Upon salinity both genes are upregulated within hours. <it>CNGC19 </it>and <it>CNGC20 </it>could assist the plant to cope with toxic effects caused by salt stress, probably by contributing to a re-allocation of sodium within the plant.</p

Coupled magnetic and structural transitions in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 films on SrTiO3

The magnetic properties of three epitaxial La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 films of thickness 5, 15 and 40 nm grown on SrTiO3 (001) substrates were investigated. The structural transition of the SrTiO3 substrate induces a magnetic transition in the manganite films due to magnetoelastic coupling. Below the temperature of the structural transition additional steps in the magnetization reversal characteristics appear characterized by clearly defined coercive fields. These additional coercive fields depend on the cooling history of the sample and are related to the formation of structural domains in the La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 films induced by the substrate

Patient Perceptions Regarding Multiple Myeloma and Its Treatment:Qualitative Evidence from Interviews with Patients in the United Kingdom, France, and Germany

BACKGROUND: The current standard of care for multiple myeloma requires several regimens of treatment, with patients experiencing high symptom burden and side effects, which negatively impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Thus, it is crucial to understand patient perceptions of multiple myeloma and how patients value different treatment options. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to conduct an exploratory investigation into concepts that could form attributes that influence treatment choices for patients with multiple myeloma and to identify trade-offs that patients are willing to make between treatment attributes. METHODS: In total, 30 patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma from the UK, France, and Germany participated in semistructured interviews talking about their disease experience and symptoms, treatment benefits, treatment burden, perceived side effects, and benefit/risk trade-offs in treatment. The interview audio recordings were transcribed and analyzed using content analysis to identify treatment and disease aspects relevant to patients. RESULTS: Symptoms of fatigue and bone pain and treatment side effects of peripheral neuropathy, diarrhea, and constipation were cited by patients as the most disruptive to their HRQoL. Treatment duration was reported most frequently as a major treatment burden, and patients emphasized the importance of increased life expectancy as a treatment benefit. All patients showed good understanding of benefit/risk trade-offs in treatment, and some patients expressed a preference for more convenient modes of treatment administration. CONCLUSIONS: Qualitative interviews identified key aspects of multiple myeloma treatment that are most important to patients. These findings will inform a wider patient-preferences study, which could improve treatment choice and HRQoL for patients with multiple myeloma. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40271-021-00501-7