Influencia de la cultura en la experiencia del cáncer

Optimal cancer care should integrate cultural variables that influence psychosocial adjustment to the disease and its treatments. This article describes some of the most important cultural variables that may affect an individual’s response to the disease: causal attributions to cancer; family members´ role in patient care; truth-telling practices; attitudes towards pain; and attitudes towards death and dying. The article is based on others previously published. Its main purpose is to increase medical staff’s awareness of the need to understand the culturally different cancer patient in societies in which increasing immigration rates oblige some individuals to treat and confront their illness in cultural environments that are unknown to them

Group psychotherapy for breast cancer patients: a clinica approach

Este artículo describe las diferentes modalidades grupales de psicoterapia que se emplean con mujeres que padecen cáncer de mama. Además de documentar su eficacia en cuanto a mejoras en la calidad de vida, reducciones en síntomas físicos, y mejora en la adaptación psicológica global, el artículo tiene un enfoque clínico centrado en describir los pasos para llevar a cabo eficazmente un grupo para esta población de pacientes oncológicos. Se describen con detalle grupos de sesión única con el fin de facilitar una herramienta clínicamente útil para el lector, dada la eficacia de estos grupos y la facilidad para llevarlos a cabo. Igualmente se describen los grupos de larga duración y aquellos de duración limitada. Se ofrecen pautas para facilitar la organización de un grupo e intentar vencer las barreras que surgen en el proceso. Finalmente, se describen estudios que han evaluado los efectos de la participación en terapia grupal sobre la supervivencia de mujeres con cáncer de mama.This article describes the different modalities of group psychotherapies that are most frequently used with breast cancer patients. In addition to documenting the efficacy of group psychotherapy in improving patients´ quality of life, physical symptoms and global psychological adaptation, emphasis is placed on clinical aspects of this treatment modality. Guidelines to develop effective groups are described. Only-session groups are described in detail in order to provide the health professionals with instruments that are clinically useful. Long duration and time-limited groups are equally described. Guidelines are offered to facilitate group development and help overcome the barriers that arise during this process. Finally, studies evaluating the effects of group participation on survival of breast cancer patients are included

Influencia de la cultura en la experiencia del cáncer

Optimal cancer care should integrate cultural variables that influence psychosocial adjustment to the disease and its treatments. This article describes some of the most important cultural variables that may affect an individual’s response to the disease: causal attributions to cancer; family members´ role in patient care; truth-telling practices; attitudes towards pain; and attitudes towards death and dying. The article is based on others previously published. Its main purpose is to increase medical staff’s awareness of the need to understand the culturally different cancer patient in societies in which increasing immigration rates oblige some individuals to treat and confront their illness in cultural environments that are unknown to them

Tratamiento psicológico grupal para mujeres con cáncer de mama: una aproximación clínica

Este artículo describe las diferentes modalidades grupales de psicoterapia que se emplean con mujeres que padecen cáncer de mama. Además de documentar su eficacia en cuanto a mejoras en la calidad de vida, reducciones en síntomas físicos, y mejora en la adaptación psicológica global, el artículo tiene un enfoque clínico centrado en describir los pasos para llevar a cabo eficazmente un grupo para esta población de pacientes oncológicos. Se describen con detalle grupos de sesión única con el fin de facilitar una herramienta clínicamente útil para el lector, dada la eficacia de estos grupos y la facilidad para llevarlos a cabo. Igualmente se describen los grupos de larga duración y aquellos de duración limitada. Se ofrecen pautas para facilitar la organización de un grupo e intentar vencer las barreras que surgen en el proceso. Finalmente, se describen estudios que han evaluado los efectos de la participación en terapia grupal sobre la supervivencia de mujeres con cáncer de mama

Aspectos psicológicos específicos del cáncer en las mujeres

The differences in the psychosocial aspects of different types of cancer in men and women are mainly based on gender variables. However, the specific way in which gender influences adaptation to cancer is not completely defined and it has also been very poorly studied. Gender differences are not only evident in the physical impact of cancer, but also in quality of life, in the psychosocial differences, in the confronting styles and in the adaptation of the patient’s partners to the process of the disease. It is necessary to identify women’s specific psychosocial needs in more detail in order to be able to develop specific programs which keep in mind the gender differences in the way oncologic disease is confronted, as well as in the process of making clinical decisions and in the variables required to optimise their quality of life.Las diferencias en los aspectos psicosociales de diferentes tipos de cáncer en hombres y mujeres están basadas fundamentalmente en variables de género. Sin embargo, la forma concreta en la que influye el género en la adaptación al cáncer no está del todo definida, y desde luego, muy poco estudiada. Las diferencias de género no solo son evidentes en el impacto físico del cáncer sino también en la calidad de vida, en las diferencias psicosociales, en los estilos de afrontamiento y en la adaptación de las parejas de los pacientes al proceso de enfermedad. Es necesario identificar con más detalle las necesidades psicosociales específicas de la mujer con el fin de poder desarrollar programas concretos que tengan en cuenta las diferencias de género en el afrontamiento de la enfermedad oncológica, en el proceso de toma de decisiones médicas, y en las variables necesarias para la optimización de su calidad de vida

Jimmie Holland

Sin resume

ECCO essential requirements for quality cancer care : Melanoma

Background ECCO essential requirements for quality cancer care (ERQCC) are explanations and descriptions of challenges, organisation and actions that are necessary to give high-quality care to patients who have a specific type of cancer. They are written by European experts representing all disciplines involved in cancer care. ERQCC papers give oncology teams, patients, policymakers and managers an overview of the elements needed in any healthcare system to provide high quality of care throughout the patient journey. References are made to clinical guidelines and other resources where appropriate, and the focus is on care in Europe. Melanoma: essential requirements for quality care: Melanoma, the most-deadly skin cancer, is rising in incidence among fair-skinned people in Europe. Increasing complexity of care for advanced disease in clinical areas such as staging and new therapies requires attention to a number of challenges and inequalities in a diverse patient group. Care for advanced melanoma must only be carried out in, or in collaboration with, specialist melanoma centres which have both a core multidisciplinary team and an extended team of allied professionals, and which are subject to quality and audit procedures. Access to such units is far from universal in all European countries. It is essential that, to meet European aspirations for high-quality comprehensive cancer control, healthcare organisations implement the requirements in this paper, paying particular attention to multidisciplinarity and patient-centred pathways from diagnosis to treatment and follow-up, to improve survival and quality of life for patients. Conclusion: Taken together, the information presented in this paper provides a comprehensive description of the essential requirements for establishing a high-quality service for melanoma. The ERQCC expert group is aware that it is not possible to propose a 'one size fits all' system for all countries, but urges that access to multidisciplinary teams and specialised treatments is guaranteed to all patients with melanoma.Peer reviewe

The requirements of a specialist breast centre

Abstract This article is an update of the requirements of a specialist breast centre, produced by EUSOMA and endorsed by ECCO as part of Essential Requirements for Quality Cancer Care (ERQCC) programme, and ESMO. To meet aspirations for comprehensive cancer control, healthcare organisations must consider the requirements in this article, paying particular attention to multidisciplinarity and patient-centred pathways from diagnosis, to treatment, to survivorship.Peer reviewe