2,017 research outputs found
Cambrian ensialic rift-related magmatism in the Ossa-Morena Zone
The Late Ediacaran (c. 560â550 Ma) SĂ©rie Negra sediments of the ĂvoraâAracena metamorphic belt, Ossa-Morena Zone, SW Iberian Massif,
preserve a record of the erosion of an AvalonianâCadomian magmatic arc and subsequent related turbiditic sedimentation. Detrital zircon from the
SĂ©rie Negra is characterized by predominantly Ediacaran and Cryogenian ages, with few Paleoproterozoic and Archean cores, and a marked lack
of Grenvillian ages. These features, when combined with the metasediments' enrichment in LREE (La/Yb=14), negative Eu-anomalies, low
147Sm/144Nd values (0.121) and negative ΔNd550=â5.5, indicate that the protolith SĂ©rie Negra sediments were derived from a continental
magmatic arc.
A period of Late Cadomian (ca. 560â540 Ma) tectonism was followed by an extended episode of widespread bimodal magmatism related to
Cambrian (ca. 540â500 Ma) rifting. This tectonic inversion is expressed in the geological record by a regional Early Cambrian unconformity.
SHRIMP zircon UâThâPb ages from four felsic orthogneisses from the Ăvora Massif record Cambrian (527±10 Ma, 522±5 Ma, 517±6 Ma
and 505±5 Ma) crystallization ages for their igneous protoliths. This confirms the existence of widespread Lower Paleozoic igneous activity in the
Ossa-Morena Zone: (i) a Lower Cambrian (ca. 535â515 Ma) igneousâfelsic dominatedâsedimentary complex (with calc-alkaline signature and
associated carbonate and siliciclastic deposition), and (ii) a Middle Cambrianâ?Ordovician (ca. 515â490 Ma) igneousâbimodalâsedimentary
complex (with calc-alkaline and tholeiitic signatures and associated dominant siliciclastic deposition, but also carbonate sediments).
The Cambrian felsic magmatism was characterized by negative Eu-anomalies, (La/Lu)N=0.8â11, 147Sm/144Nd=0.1289â0.1447 and ΔNd500
ranging from â1.5 to â0.8. A tendency towards peraluminous compositions suggests late fractionation, low degrees of partial melting, or the
mixing of crustal and mantle-derived material in the magma source region. Some felsic rocks possibly represent the last residual melts of hightemperature,
zircon-undersaturated mafic magmas later affected by crustal contamination, while others indicate partial melting of crustal
metasediments variably contaminated by basaltic liquids.
The transition from early felsic dominated to later more mafic magmatism suggests the gradual opening of the system to tholeiitic NâE-MORB
products (ThN/TaNb1.0). The as yet undated (Cambrianâ?Ordovician) E-MORB amphibolites have 147Sm/144Nd=0.1478â0.1797 and ΔNd500
values ranging from +6.4 to +7.3, while the N-MORB amphibolites have 147Sm/144Nd=0.1818â0.1979 and ΔNd500 values of +5.8 and +7.0,
reaching a maximum of +9.1. In contrast, other amphibolites have a negative Ta-anomaly (1.35bThN/TaNb2.41) reminiscent of lavas from
âorogenicâ settings or alternatively, typical of crustally-contaminated within-plate magmas. These âVAB-likeâ amphibolites have 147Sm/144Nd
values ranging from 0.1639 to 0.1946 and ΔNd500 values of +3.5 to +5.2, suggesting derivation by crustal assimilation processes. The subalkaline
igneous precursors of the amphibolites were most likely generated in a rift setting by asthenospheric upwelling. These results strengthen the proposed geodynamic scenarios for the SW Iberian Massif by which Cadomian accretion gave rise to an ensialic
rift that developed into a proto-oceanic basin and incipient spreading (opening of the Rheic Ocean?). A similar transition from a convergent to a
divergent plate boundary during the Ediacaran to Cambrianâ?Ordovician has also been reported in other segments of the northern Gondwana
margin
Impact of operatoĆs experience on peri-procedural outcomes with Watchman FLX: Insights from the FLX-SPA registry 2
Left atrial appendage; Occlusion; OutcomesApéndice auricular izquierdo; Oclusión; ResultadosApÚndix auricular esquerre; Oclusió; ResultatsBackground
The Watchman FLX is a device upgrade of the Watchman 2.5 that incorporates several design enhancements intended to simplify left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) and improve procedural outcomes. This study compares peri-procedural results of LAAO with Watchman FLX (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, Massachusetts) in centers with varying degrees of experience with the Watchman 2.5 and Watchman FLX.
Methods
Prospective, multicenter, âreal-worldâ registry including consecutive patients undergoing LAAO with the Watchman FLX at 26 Spanish sites (FLX-SPA registry). Implanting centers were classified according to the centerâs prior experience with the Watchman 2.5. A further division of centers according to whether or not they had performed †10 or > 10Watchman FLX implants was prespecified at the beginning of the study. Procedural outcomes of institutions stratified according to their experience with the Watchman 2.5 and FLX devices were compared.
Results
359 patients [mean age 75.5 (SD8.1), CHA2DS2-VASc 4.4 (SD1.4), HAS-BLED 3.8(SD0.9)] were included. Global success rate was 98.6%, successful LAAO with the first selected device size was achieved in 95.5% patients and the device was implanted at first attempt in 78.6% cases. There were only 9(2.5%) major peri-procedural complications. No differences in efficacy or safety results according to the centeĆs previous experience with Watchman 2.5 and procedural volume with Watchman FLX existed.
Conclusions
The Watchman FLX attains high procedural success rates with complete LAA sealing in unselected, real-world patients, along with a low incidence of peri-procedural complications, regardless of operatoĆs experience with its previous device iteration or the number of Watchman FLX devices implanted
Phenological Study of 53 Spanish Minority Grape Varieties to Search for Adaptation of Vitiviniculture to Climate Change Conditions
The main phenological stages (budburst, flowering, veraison, and ripeness) of 53 Spanish minority varieties were studied to determine their potential to help winegrowers adapt to climate change conditions. In total, 43 varieties were studied in the same location in Spain (AlcalĂĄ de Henares, in the Madrid region) and 10 varieties in 5 other regions (Galicia, Navarre, Catalonia, Extremadura, and Andalusia). Other traits of agronomic and oenological interest, such as yield and acidity, were also monitored. The results allow for the grouping of the varieties into several clusters according to the time of ripeness (very earlyâonly for red varietiesâand early, intermediate, and late, for both red and white varieties) and yield (high, medium, and low). The total acidity in the grape juice ranged from 3 to 11 g of tartaric acid/L. The average temperatures were higher (up to 3â4 °C during summer) compared to historical averages during the 1957â2021 time period. Advanced phenology phases and reduced acidity are regarded as negative effects of climate change for winegrowing practices. Since some minority varieties showed late or intermediate ripening, high acidity, and high (1 Kg/shoot) or medium (0.5 Kg/shoot) yield, our findings suggest that they may be cultivated in the coming years by winegrowers as an approach to mitigate climate change effects.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
THE ESTROFA-MI REGISTRY: COMPARISON OF PACLITAXEL-ELUTING STENT AND EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING STENT IN ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. RESULTS AT 2 YEARS FOLLOW-UP
Assessment of platelet REACtivity after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
OBJECTIVES:
The REAC-TAVI (Assessment of platelet REACtivity after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) trial enrolled patients with aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) pre-treated with aspirin + clopidogrel, aimed to compare the efficacy of clopidogrel and ticagrelor in suppressing high platelet reactivity (HPR) after TAVI.
BACKGROUND:
Current recommendations support short-term use of aspirin + clopidogrel for patients with severe AS undergoing TAVR despite the lack of compelling evidence.
METHODS:
This was a prospective, randomized, multicenter investigation. Platelet reactivity was measured at 6 different time points with the VerifyNow assay (Accriva Diagnostics, San Diego, California). HPR was defined as (P2Y12 reaction units (PRU) â„208. Patients with HPR before TAVR were randomized to either aspirin + ticagrelor or aspirin + clopidogrel for 3 months. Patients without HPR continued with aspirin + clopidogrel (registry cohort). The primary endpoint was non-HPR status (PRU <208) in â„70% of patients treated with ticagrelor at 90 days post-TAVR.
RESULTS:
A total of 68 patients were included. Of these, 48 (71%) had HPR (PRU 273 ± 09) and were randomized to aspirin + ticagrelor (n = 24, PRU 277 ± 08) or continued with aspirin + clopidogrel (n = 24, PRU 269 ± 49). The remaining 20 patients (29%) without HPR (PRU 133 ± 12) were included in the registry. Overall, platelet reactivity across all the study time points after TAVR was lower in patients randomized to ticagrelor compared with those treated with clopidogrel, including those enrolled in the registry (p < 0.001). The primary endpoint was achieved in 100% of patients with ticagrelor compared with 21% with clopidogrel (p < 0.001). Interestingly, 33% of clopidogrel responder patients at baseline developed HPR status during the first month after TAVR.
CONCLUSIONS:
HPR to clopidogrel is present in a considerable number of patients with AS undergoing TAVR. Ticagrelor achieves a better and faster effect, providing sustained suppression of HPR to these patients. (Platelet Reactivity After TAVI: A Multicenter Pilot Study [REAC-TAVI]; NCT02224066)
Assessment of Platelet REACtivity After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: The REAC-TAVI Trial
OBJECTIVES: The REAC-TAVI (Assessment of platelet REACtivity after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) trial enrolled patients with aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) pre-treated with aspirin + clopidogrel, aimed to compare the efficacy of clopidogrel and ticagrelor in suppressing high platelet reactivity (HPR) after TAVI. BACKGROUND: Current recommendations support short-term use of aspirin + clopidogrel for patients with severe AS undergoing TAVR despite the lack of compelling evidence. METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, multicenter investigation. Platelet reactivity was measured at 6 different time points with the VerifyNow assay (Accriva Diagnostics, San Diego, California). HPR was defined as (P2Y12 reaction units (PRU) â„208. Patients with HPR before TAVR were randomized to either aspirin + ticagrelor or aspirin + clopidogrel for 3 months. Patients without HPR continued with aspirin + clopidogrel (registry cohort). The primary endpoint was non-HPR status (PRU <208) in â„70% of patients treated with ticagrelor at 90 days post-TAVR. RESULTS: A total of 68 patients were included. Of these, 48 (71%) had HPR (PRU 273 ± 09) and were randomized to aspirin + ticagrelor (n = 24, PRU 277 ± 08) or continued with aspirin + clopidogrel (n = 24, PRU 269 ± 49). The remaining 20 patients (29%) without HPR (PRU 133 ± 12) were included in the registry. Overall, platelet reactivity across all the study time points after TAVR was lower in patients randomized to ticagrelor compared with those treated with clopidogrel, including those enrolled in the registry (p < 0.001). The primary endpoint was achieved in 100% of patients with ticagrelor compared with 21% with clopidogrel (p < 0.001). Interestingly, 33% of clopidogrel responder patients at baseline developed HPR status during the first month after TAVR. CONCLUSIONS: HPR to clopidogrel is present in a considerable number of patients with AS undergoing TAVR. Ticagrelor achieves a better and faster effect, providing sustained suppression of HPR to these patients. (Platelet Reactivity After TAVI: A Multicenter Pilot Study [REAC-TAVI]; NCT02224066)
INRISCO: INcident monitoRing in Smart COmmunities
Major advances in information and communication technologies (ICTs) make citizens to be considered as sensors in motion. Carrying their mobile devices, moving in their connected vehicles or actively participating in social networks, citizens provide a wealth of information that, after properly processing, can support numerous applications for the benefit of the community. In the context of smart communities, the INRISCO [1] proposal intends for (i) the early detection of abnormal situations in cities (i.e., incidents), (ii) the analysis of whether, according to their impact, those incidents are really adverse for the community; and (iii) the automatic actuation by dissemination of appropriate information to citizens and authorities. Thus, INRISCO will identify and report on incidents in traffic (jam, accident) or public infrastructure (e.g., works, street cut), the occurrence of specific events that affect other citizens' life (e.g., demonstrations, concerts), or environmental problems (e.g., pollution, bad weather). It is of particular interest to this proposal the identification of incidents with a social and economic impact, which affects the quality of life of citizens.This work was supported in part by the Spanish Government through the projects INRISCO under Grant TEC2014-54335-C4-1-R, Grant TEC2014-54335-C4-2-R, Grant TEC2014-54335-C4-3-R, and Grant TEC2014-54335-C4-4-R, in part by the MAGOS under Grant TEC2017-84197-C4-1-R, Grant TEC2017-84197-C4-2-R, and Grant TEC2017-84197-C4-3-R, in part by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and in part by the Galician Regional Government under agreement for funding the Atlantic Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (AtlantTIC)
Memoria del segundo simposium sobre historia, sociedad y cultura de México y América Latina
La presente obra reĂșne 20 ponencias de las 27 que se presentaron en el âSegundo simposium sobre historia, sociedad y cultura de MĂ©xico y AmĂ©rica Latinaâ, realizado el 8 y 9 de noviembre de 2006, en el Centro de InvestigaciĂłn en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades (CICSyH) de la Universidad AutĂłnoma del Estado de MĂ©xico (UAEM), en Toluca, Estado de MĂ©xico
Evolution of CRISPR-associated endonucleases as inferred from resurrected proteins
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated Cas9 is an effector protein that targets invading DNA and plays a major role in the prokaryotic adaptive immune system. Although Streptococcus pyogenes CRISPRâCas9 has been widely studied and repurposed for applications including genome editing, its origin and evolution are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the evolution of Cas9 from resurrected ancient nucleases (anCas) in extinct firmicutes species that last lived 2.6âbillion years before the present. We demonstrate that these ancient forms were much more flexible in their guide RNA and protospacer-adjacent motif requirements compared with modern-day Cas9 enzymes. Furthermore, anCas portrays a gradual palaeoenzymatic adaptation from nickase to double-strand break activity, exhibits high levels of activity with both single-stranded DNA and single-stranded RNA targets and is capable of editing activity in human cells. Prediction and characterization of anCas with a resurrected protein approach uncovers an evolutionary trajectory leading to functionally flexible ancient enzymes.This work has been supported by grant nos. PID2019-109087RB-I00 (to R.P.-J.) and RTI2018-101223-B-I00 and PID2021-127644OB-I00 (to L.M.) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. This project has received funding from the European Unionâs Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 964764 (to R.P.-J.). The content presented in this document represents the views of the authors, and the European Commission has no liability in respect to the content. We acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Foundation for the Promotion of Research of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. A.F. acknowledges Spanish Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERE) intramural funds (no. ER19P5AC756/2021). F.J.M.M. acknowledges research support by Conselleria dâEducaciĂł, InvestigaciĂł, Cultura i Esport from Generalitat Valenciana, research project nos. PROMETEO/2017/129 and PROMETEO/2021/057. M.M. acknowledges funding from CIBERER (grant no. ER19P5AC728/2021). The work has received funding from the Regional Government of Madrid (grant no. B2017/BMD3721 to M.A.M.-P.) and from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, cofounded with the European Regional Development Fund âA way to make Europeâ within the National Plans for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation 2017â2020 and 2021â2024 (nos. PI17/1659, PI20/0429 and IMP/00009; to M.A.M.-P. B.P.K. was supported by an MGH ECOR Howard M. Goodman Award and NIH P01 HL142494
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