Prevalencia de ejercicio compulsivo y su relación con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en una población de 20 a 34 años que acuden a gimnasios de Cuenca, 2021

El ejercicio compulsivo se considera una conducta repetitiva y rígida sostenida que representa un patrón comportamental mórbido. En efecto, se ha relacionado con trastornos de conducta alimentaria que pueden desencadenar en patologías como anorexia nerviosa, bulimia nerviosa y otros trastornos de la conducta alimentaria no especificados. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia del ejercicio compulsivo y su asociación con conductas de riesgo de trastornos alimentarios en una población de 20 a 34 años en gimnasios de Cuenca, 2021. Metodología: estudio observacional, cuantitativo de prevalencia de corte transversal, en 425 usuarios de gimnasios de Cuenca, mediante dos Cuestionarios: Prueba del Ejercicio Compulsivo (CET) y Examen de Trastornos Alimentarios (EDE-Q). El procesamiento de datos se realizó en el programa SPSS versión 23 y Epidat 3.1 se elaboró un análisis de frecuencias y de porcentajes con RP e IC 95%. Resultados: el 78.1 % tienen una edad entre 20 a 27 años. Predominó el género femenino 56 %, residencia urbana 62,2 %, estado civil soltero 77 % y el grado académico tercer nivel con el 64 %. Se observó una prevalencia de ejercicio compulsivo del 16 % y de conductas de trastornos alimentarios del 10.8%. Se evidenció significancia estadística entre las conductas de riesgo de trastornos alimentarios y la variable de ejercicio compulsivo con un valor p < 0.05. Conclusión: Las/los usuarios que acudieron a los gimnasios de la ciudad de Cuenca se evidencio una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el ejercicio compulsivo y los trastornos de conducta alimentaria.Compulsive exercise is considered a sustained rigid repetitive behavior that represents a morbid behavioral pattern. Indeed, it has been associated with eating disorders that can trigger pathologies such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and other unspecified eating disorders. Objective: To determine the prevalence of compulsive exercise and its association with risk behaviors for eating disorders in a population aged 20 to 34 years in gyms de Cuenca, 2021. Methodology: Observational, quantitative, cross-sectional prevalence study in 425 users of gyms in Cuenca, using two questionnaires: Compulsive Exercise Test (CET) and Eating Disorders Examination (EDE-Q). Data processing was carried out with SPSS version 23 and Epidat 3.1 and an analysis of frequencies and percentages with PR and 95% CI was elaborated. Results: 78.1% were aged between 20 and 27 years. Female gender 56 %, urban residence 62.2 %, single marital status 77 % and third level academic degree with 64 % predominated. A prevalence of compulsive exercise of 16 % and of eating disorder behaviors of 10.8 % was observed. Statistical significance was evidenced between eating disorder risk behaviors and the variable of compulsive exercise with a p-value < 0.05. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant relationship between compulsive exercise and eating disorders among the users who attended gyms in the city of Cuenca.Magíster en Nutrición y DietéticaCuenc

Coneixement del Suport vital bàsic i DEA en Clubs esportius a Terrassa

Màster en Infermeria Cardiovascular, Universitat de Barcelona, Escola Universitària d'Infermeria, any: 2011-2012, Director: Joan Maria Estrada Masllorens. Tutora: Eulàlia Juvé Udin

Involvement of PPARy in the antitumoral action of cannabinoids on hepatocellular carcinoma

Cannabinoids exert antiproliferative effects in a wide range of tumoral cells, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In\ud this study, we examined whether the PPARc-activated pathway contributed to the antitumor effect of two cannabinoids,\ud D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and JWH-015, against HepG2 and HUH-7 HCC cells. Both cannabinoids increased the activity\ud and intracellular level of PPARc mRNA and protein, which was abolished by the PPARc inhibitor GW9662. Moreover, genetic\ud ablation with small interfering RNA (siRNA), as well as pharmacological inhibition of PPARc decreased the cannabinoid-induced\ud cell death and apoptosis. Likewise, GW9662 totally blocked the antitumoral action of cannabinoids in xenograft-induced HCC\ud tumors in mice. In addition, PPARc knockdown with siRNA caused accumulation of the autophagy markers LC3-II and p62,\ud suggesting that PPARc is necessary for the autophagy flux promoted by cannabinoids. Interestingly, downregulation of the\ud endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) markedly reduced PPARc expression and induced p62\ud accumulation, which was counteracted by overexpression of PPARc in TRIB3-knocked down cells. Taken together, we\ud demonstrate for the first time that the antiproliferative action of the cannabinoids THC and JWH-015 on HCC, in vitro and in vivo,\ud are modulated by upregulation of PPARc-dependent pathways

Involvement of PPARy in the antitumoral action of cannabinoids on hepatocellular carcinoma

Cannabinoids exert antiproliferative effects in a wide range of tumoral cells, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In this study, we examined whether the PPARc-activated pathway contributed to the antitumor effect of two cannabinoids, D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and JWH-015, against HepG2 and HUH-7 HCC cells. Both cannabinoids increased the activity and intracellular level of PPARc mRNA and protein, which was abolished by the PPARc inhibitor GW9662. Moreover, genetic ablation with small interfering RNA (siRNA), as well as pharmacological inhibition of PPARc decreased the cannabinoid-induced cell death and apoptosis. Likewise, GW9662 totally blocked the antitumoral action of cannabinoids in xenograft-induced HCC tumors in mice. In addition, PPARc knockdown with siRNA caused accumulation of the autophagy markers LC3-II and p62, suggesting that PPARc is necessary for the autophagy flux promoted by cannabinoids. Interestingly, downregulation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) markedly reduced PPARc expression and induced p62 accumulation, which was counteracted by overexpression of PPARc in TRIB3-knocked down cells. Taken together, we demonstrate for the first time that the antiproliferative action of the cannabinoids THC and JWH-015 on HCC, in vitro and in vivo, are modulated by upregulation of PPARc-dependent pathways

Efficacy of atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge for inactivating airborne pathogens

Atmospheric pressure plasmas have gained attention in recent years for several environmental applications. This technology could potentially be used to deactivate airborne microorganisms, surface-bound microorganisms, and biofilms. In this work, the authors explore the efficacy of the atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) to inactivate airborne Staphylococcus epidermidis and Aspergillus niger that are opportunistic pathogens associated with nosocomial infections. This technology uses air as the source of gas and does not require any process gas such as helium, argon, nitrogen, or hydrogen. The effect of DBD was studied on aerosolized S. epidermidis and aerosolized A. niger spores via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The morphology observed on the SEM micrographs showed deformations in the cellular structure of both microor- ganisms. Cell structure damage upon interaction with the DBD suggests leakage of vital cellular materials, which is a key mechanism for microbial inactivation. The chemical structure of the cell surface of S. epidermidis was also analyzed by near edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectros- copy before and after DBD exposure. Results from surface analysis revealed that reactive oxygen species from the DBD discharge contributed to alterations on the chemistry of the cell membrane/ cell wall of S. epidermidis

Argumentative fallacies and rhetorical resources in political discourse: the case of TikTok in the 2022 Colombian presidential campaign

En este artículo se analizaron los recursos retóricos que conformaron las falacias argumentativas de cuatro aspirantes a la Presidencia 2022 en Colombia, quienes emplearon la plataforma TikTok, para publicitar sus campañas electorales. Esto se logró por medio de un análisis de contenido de 200 videos de TikTok, que consistió en la creación de una matriz propia para identificar y categorizar las falacias argumentativas y su soporte en figuras literarias y recursos lingüísticos. Asimismo, el análisis dio cuenta de las temáticas que los candidatos utilizaron para conformar su línea narrativa. Los resultados indican una tendencia en el uso de falacias que apelan a lo emocional y al ataque a los opositores; y a recursos que se emplean en el plano semántico y fonológico. En cuanto a las temáticas, estas mostraron similitudes entre los candidatos, que responden a problemáticas y preocupaciones comunes de la población colombiana.In this article the rhetorical resources that compose the argumentative fallacies by the four candidates to the colombian presidency in 2022 on the Tiktok platform were analyzed. This was performed by carrying out a content analysis, which consisted in creating a data matrix to identify and categorize argumentative fallacies and their support on linguistic resources and literary figures, on 200 videos on Tiktok. In the same manner, the analysis gave an account of the main topics used in order to shape their narrative. The results indicate a tendency in the use of fallacies that appeal to emotions and to attack opponents; and to resources that are used on the semantic and phonological planes. Regarding the topics, these showed similarities among them, as they respond to problematics and worries common in the colombian populatio

Targeting AMP-activated kinase impacts hepatocellular cancer stem cells induced by long-term treatment with sorafenib

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. HCC treatment is hindered by the frequent emergence of chemoresistance to the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib, which has been related to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that self‐renew and often escape therapy. The key metabolic sensor AMP‐activated kinase (AMPK) has recently been recognized as a tumour growth regulator. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of AMPK in the development of a stem cell phenotype in HCC cells. To this end, we enriched the CSC population in HCC cell lines that showed increased expression of drug resistance (ALDH1A1, ABCB1A) and stem cell (CD133, Nanog, Oct4, alpha fetoprotein) markers and demonstrated their stemness phenotype. These cells were refractory to sorafenib‐induced cell death. We report that sorafenib‐resistant cells had lower levels of total and phosphorylated AMPK as well as its downstream substrate, ACC, compared with the parental cells. Interestingly, AMPK knockdown with siRNA or inhibition with dorsomorphin increased the expression of stem cell markers in parental cells and blocked sorafenib‐induced cell death. Conversely, the upregulation of AMPK, either by transfection or by pharmacological activation with A‐769662, decreased the expression of ALDH1A1, ABCB1A, CD133, Nanog, Oct4, and alpha fetoprotein, and restored sensitivity to sorafenib. Analysis of the underlying mechanism points to hypoxia‐inducible factor HIF‐1α as a regulator of stemness. In vivo studies in a xenograft mouse model demonstrated that stem‐like cells have greater tumourigenic capacity. AMPK activation reduced xenograft tumour growth and decreased the expression of stem cell markers. Taken together, these results indicate that AMPK may serve as a novel target to overcome chemoresistance in HCC

Assessment of genetic variability in captive capuchin monkeys (Primates: Cebidae)

Capuchin monkeys (genera Cebus and Sapajus) show a wide range distribution, from Honduras to Argentina. The aim of this work was to evaluate the genetic and phenotypic variability of captive specimens putatively belonging to S. cay (SCY) and S. nigritus (SNI) at their southernmost distribution limit. Forty-four individuals held in five captive centers from Argentina were analyzed based on external morphology, karyology and DNA sequences of mitochondrial control region (mtDNA-CR). Three morphotypes associated with their probable geographical origin in SCY and a single morphotype in SNI were found. For SCY we could associate each morphotype with the most frequent karyotype. SNI showed a single phenotype and a homogenous karyotype. Heterochromatin showed geographical patterns within species. A 515-bp mtDNA-CR fragment was sequenced, defining fourteen haplotypes at 59 polymorphic sites. A network constructed with our 14 haplotypes and other 77 from S. apella, S. macrocephalus, S. cay and S. nigritus from bibliography revealed some phylogeographic signals. Our SCY and SNI samples rendered four groups that differed in multiple mutational steps, with SCY being more similar to S. apella than to S. macrocephalus. Also, we identified two genetic divergent SCY groups: samples from NOA and from NEA with high mitochondrial diversity. Our results highlight the relevance of using complementary genetic tools throughout the distribution ranges of SCY and SNI for a better assessment of their diversity.Fil: Nieves, Mariela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Grupo de Investigación de Biología Evolutiva; ArgentinaFil: Remis, Maria Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución; ArgentinaFil: Sesarini, Carla Vanina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Grupo de Investigación de Biología Evolutiva; ArgentinaFil: Hassel, Diana Lucrecia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Argüelles, Carina Francisca. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Mudry, Marta Dolores. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Grupo de Investigación de Biología Evolutiva; Argentin

Alternative Winemaking Techniques to Improve the Content of Phenolic and Aromatic Compounds in Wines

In this study, a complete physical–chemical analysis was performed for Fetească neagră wine, aged with oak staves. Red wine samples were taken from grape varieties grown in Northeast Romania and produced during 2013 vintage. At the end of the fermentation process, four oak mini staves (1 cm width × 10 cm length × 1 cm thickness) from heavy toasted French oak were added to 5 L of red wine. Samples were aged using two time periods, respectively at 1.5 and 3 months, in a room at 14–16 °C. Results showed that the initial content of total phenolic decreased during ageing, from 931.1 mg catechin/L at 1.5 months to 775.4 mg catechin/L at 3 months. In contrast, the initial content of total antioxidant activity increased after the same period of ageing to 13.3 mM Trolox as compared to the aged wines for 1.5 months, at 12.8 mM Trolox. The corregram representing the relationship between the total phenols, total antioxidant activity (TAA) and their fractions and CieLab parameters was performed. Thirty-seven minor volatile compounds were quantified by stir bars sorptive extraction and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (SBSE-GC-MS). An increase in odor activity value (OAV) with ageing time was observed, especially for fruity, fatty and woody series. The oak staves used in ageing processes can contribute positively to the aromatic profile of wines and could be considered a good choice for producing short-aged wines

Heating-induced bacteriological and biochemical modifications in human donor milk after Holder pasteurization

[Objectives]: The objectives of the present study were to enumerate and characterize the pathogenic potential of the Bacillus population that may survive holder pasteurisation of human milk and to evaluate the nutritional damage of this treatment using the furosine and lactulose indexes. [Materials and Methods]: Milk samples from 21 donors were heated at 62.58C for 30 minutes. Bacterial counts, lactose, glucose, myoinositol, lactulose, and furosine were determined before and after the heat treatment. Some B cereus isolates that survived after pasteurisation were evaluated for toxigenic potential. [Results]: Nonpasteurised milk samples showed bacterial growth in most of the agar media tested. Bacterial survival after pasteurisation was observed in only 3 samples and, in these cases, the microorganisms isolated belonged to the species B cereus. Furosine could not be detected in any of the samples, whereas changes in lactose, glucose, and myoinositol concentrations after holder pasteurisation were not relevant. Lactulose was below the detection limit of the analytical method in nonpasteurised samples, whereas it was found at low levels in 62% of the samples after holder pasteurisation. The lactation period influenced myoinositol content because its concentration was significantly higher in transition milk than in mature or late lactation milk samples. [Conclusions]: Holder pasteurisation led to the destruction of bacteria present initially in donor milk samples, except for some B cereus that did not display a high virulence potential and did not modify significantly the concentration of the compounds analyzed in the present study.The present study was supported by the 110AC0386 (CYTED), CSD2007-00063 (FUN-C-FOOD, Consolider-Ingenio 2010), and AGL2010-15420 projects from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain), and by projects FIS PS09/00040 (Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Spain) and S2009/AGR-1469 (Comunidad de Madrid, Spain).Peer Reviewe