Sistema de registro de antecedentes penales, para el área de archivo de la Policía Nacional delegación RAAS teniente Félix González, Bluefields, Nicaragua

El presente documento contiene información sobre el diseño del Sistema de Registro de Antecedentes Penales de Archivo, (SIRAPA), para el área de Archivo de la Policía Nacional de la cuidad de Bluefields, delegación teniente Félix González, R.A.A.S, Nicaragua. Para la creación del SIRAPA se inició observando las necesidades que había en el área antes mencionada, y se procedió a recopilar la información pertinente a través del uso de entrevistas aplicadas a la Sub-Inspectora Digna Leyva, responsable del área de Archivo, al personal que está bajo su cargo y al recurso humano que labora en la unidad de Servicios Policiales. También se aplicó la observación directa y la toma de fotografías para la ubicación del sitio en estudio. Es una investigación exploratoria de corte transversal y con enfoque cualitativo. De allí entonces nace la idea de diseñar el Sistema de Registro de Antecedentes Penales de Archivo, utilizando como gestor de bases de datos Microsoft Office Access y el lenguaje de programación Visual Basic 6.0, con la finalidad de agilizar los procesos de registro, búsqueda y almacenamiento de las informaciones concernientes a los actos delictivos que se dan en la región, ya que éstos se hacían manualmente, era poco efectivo, lento y las informaciones no se entregaban en tiempo y forma, lo que generaba inconformidad en los ciudadanos que hacían solicitudes de certificados de conducta. A través de su utilización fortalecer el desarrollo institucional de la entidad policial. Para el uso adecuado del sistema, se elaboró el manual de usuario para su debida manipulación. Con el desarrollo del SIRAPA, los beneficiarios directos son los oficiales que conforman el área de Archivo, ya que, son quienes se encargan de efectuar el registro, búsqueda y almacenamiento de las informaciones referentes a los antecedentes penales

MÉTODOS ACTIVOS DE ENSEÑANZA ASOCIADOS A LA ANALÍTICA DEL APRENDIZAJE

En el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje el componente, método, es fundamental para que los alumnos puedan apropiarse de los saberes y de ellos, los activos, propician una participación protagónica de los estudiantes. El objetivo de esta investigación es caracterizar las actividades de la plataforma interactiva en la asignatura Herramientas informáticas para, desde los métodos activos de enseñanza, garantizar un crecimiento en los estudiantes. La metodología utilizada fue la cuantitativa y los métodos teóricos fueron el inductivo deductivo y analítico sintético. Desde la práctica predominaron los métodos estadísticos matemáticos, tanto descriptivos como inferenciales. Los resultados fundamentales estuvieron en la wiki los puntajes fueron altos, debido al trabajo cooperativo que realizaron los alumnos en esta actividad, los foros tuvieron puntuaciones homogéneas y la valoración de los docentes es que el trabajo colaborativo logrado en el componente autónomo provoca un crecimiento, consiente y duradero de los saberes en los alumnos, el taller, la calidad de la nota es más baja que en las dos actividades anteriores y a criterio de los docentes esta actividad colaborativa y cooperativa está considerada con alta dificultad por la cantidad de veces que los alumnos tiene que reunirse para la toma de decisiones y críticas a sus colegas. En sentido general se puede concluir que se ha caracterizado las actividades de la plataforma interactiva en la asignatura Herramientas informáticas la cual, a través de los métodos activos de enseñanza, utilizados denotaron un crecimiento en los estudiantes

Financial considerations in the conduct of multi-centre randomised controlled trials: evidence from a qualitative study.

National Coordinating Centre for Research Methodology; Medical Research Council, UK Department of Health; Chief Scientist OfficeNot peer reviewedPublisher PD

Genome of the Avirulent Human-Infective Trypanosome—Trypanosoma rangeli

Background: Trypanosoma rangeli is a hemoflagellate protozoan parasite infecting humans and other wild and domestic mammals across Central and South America. It does not cause human disease, but it can be mistaken for the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi. We have sequenced the T. rangeli genome to provide new tools for elucidating the distinct and intriguing biology of this species and the key pathways related to interaction with its arthropod and mammalian hosts.  Methodology/Principal Findings: The T. rangeli haploid genome is ,24 Mb in length, and is the smallest and least repetitive trypanosomatid genome sequenced thus far. This parasite genome has shorter subtelomeric sequences compared to those of T. cruzi and T. brucei; displays intraspecific karyotype variability and lacks minichromosomes. Of the predicted 7,613 protein coding sequences, functional annotations could be determined for 2,415, while 5,043 are hypothetical proteins, some with evidence of protein expression. 7,101 genes (93%) are shared with other trypanosomatids that infect humans. An ortholog of the dcl2 gene involved in the T. brucei RNAi pathway was found in T. rangeli, but the RNAi machinery is non-functional since the other genes in this pathway are pseudogenized. T. rangeli is highly susceptible to oxidative stress, a phenotype that may be explained by a smaller number of anti-oxidant defense enzymes and heatshock proteins.  Conclusions/Significance: Phylogenetic comparison of nuclear and mitochondrial genes indicates that T. rangeli and T. cruzi are equidistant from T. brucei. In addition to revealing new aspects of trypanosome co-evolution within the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, comparative genomic analysis with pathogenic trypanosomatids provides valuable new information that can be further explored with the aim of developing better diagnostic tools and/or therapeutic targets

Average Household Exposure to Newspaper Coverage about the Harmful Effects of Hormone Therapy and Population-Based Declines in Hormone Therapy Use

BACKGROUND: The news media facilitated the rapid dissemination of the findings from the estrogen plus progestin therapy arm of the Women’s Health Initiative (EPT-WHI). OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between the potential exposure to newspaper coverage and subsequent hormone therapy (HT) use. DESIGN/POPULATION: Population-based cohort of women receiving mammography at 7 sites (327,144 postmenopausal women). MEASUREMENTS: The outcome was the monthly prevalence of self-reported HT use. Circulation data for local, regional, and national newspapers was used to create zip-code level measures of the estimated average household exposure to newspaper coverage that reported the harmful effects of HT in July 2002. RESULTS: Women had an average potential household exposure of 1.4 articles. There was substantial variation in the level of average household exposure to newspaper coverage; women from rural sites received less than women from urban sites. Use of HT declined for all average potential exposure groups after the publication of the EPT-WHI. HT prevalence among women who lived in areas where there was an average household exposure of at least 3 articles declined significantly more (45 to 27%) compared to women who lived in areas with <1 article (43 to 31%) during each of the subsequent 5 months (relative risks 0.86–0.92; p < .006 for all). CONCLUSIONS: Greater average household exposure to newspaper coverage about the harms associated with HT was associated with a large population-based decline in HT use. Further studies should examine whether media coverage directly influences the health behavior of individual women

Shaking table tests and numerical analyses on a scaled dry-joint arch undergoing windowed sine pulses

The damages occurred during recent seismic events have emphasised the vulnerability of vaulted masonry structures, one of the most representative elements of worldwide cultural heritage. Although a certain consensus has been reached regarding the static behaviour of masonry arches, still more efforts are requested to investigate their dynamic behaviour. In this regard, the present paper aims to investigate the performance of a scaled dry-joint arch undergoing windowed sine pulses. A feature tracking based measuring technique was employed to evaluate the displacement of selected points, shading light on the failure mechanisms and gathering data for the calibration of the numerical model. This was built according to a micro-modelling approach of the finite element method, with voussoirs assumed very stiff and friction interface elements. Comparisons with existing literature are also stressed, together with comments about scale effects.This work was partly financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Programme-COMPETE and by national funds through FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology within the scope of the Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007633.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus as a Predominantly Healthcare-Associated Pathogen: A Possible Reversal of Roles?

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains have become common causes of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) among previously healthy people, a role of methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) isolates before the mid-1990s. We hypothesized that, as MRSA infections became more common among S. aureus infections in the community, perhaps MSSA infections had become more important as a cause of healthcare-associated infection.We compared patients, including children and adults, with MRSA and MSSA infections at the University of Chicago Medical Center (UCMC) from all clinical units from July 1, 2004-June 30, 2005; we also compared the genotypes of the MRSA and MSSA infecting bacterial strains.Compared with MRSA patients, MSSA patients were more likely on bivariate analysis to have bacteremia, endocarditis, or sepsis (p = 0.03), to be an adult (p = 0.005), to be in the intensive care unit (21.9% vs. 15.6%) or another inpatient unit (45.6% vs. 40.7%) at the time of culture. MRSA (346/545) and MSSA (76/114) patients did not differ significantly in the proportion classified as HA-S. aureus by the CDC CA-MRSA definition (p = 0.5). The genetic backgrounds of MRSA and MSSA multilocus sequence type (ST) 1, ST5, ST8, ST30, and ST59 comprised in combination 94.5% of MRSA isolates and 50.9% of MSSA isolates. By logistic regression, being cared for in the Emergency Department (OR 4.6, CI 1.5-14.0, p = 0.008) was associated with MRSA infection.Patients with MSSA at UCMC have characteristics consistent with a health-care-associated infection more often than do patients with MRSA; a possible role reversal has occurred for MSSA and MRSA strains. Clinical MSSA and MRSA strains shared genotype backgrounds