12 research outputs found
Da Baco a Farfalla: storia di una metamorfosi
Nel corso degli anni, di necessitĂ in necessitĂ , nella biblioteca dellâIstituto Zooprofilattico
Sperimentale dellâAbruzzo e del Molise âG.Caporaleâ(IZSAM) sono
state create e gestite attivitĂ per soddisfare bisogni conoscitivi e formativi impellenti
legati allâevoluzione del contesto (societĂ digitale e della conoscenza) e dei
compiti istituzionali.
Dalla conservazione fisica di libri e riviste a quella virtuale, dalla catalogazione
home made allâesperienza SBN e ACNP, dallâindicizzazione e spoglio dei periodici
allâindicizzazione delle risorse; dalle cartoline postali per le richieste di articoli
scientifici allâuniverso NILDE: una manciata di anni per copernicane rivoluzioni
della galassia Biblioteca.
Allo stesso tempo lâaumento e la differenziazione degli utenti, conseguenza
della pervasivitĂ e diffusione della rete hanno determinato la comparsa di nuovi
scenari e candidato la Biblioteca a protagonista di molteplici variegati fronti:
formazione,
produzione di ricerca scientifica,
valutazione della ricerca scientifica,
creazione di repository istituzionale,
informazione normativa e giornalistica. La Biblioteca dellâIZSAM ha fatto scelte coraggiose, come lâaccesso aperto:la rivista
open access Veterinaria Italiana, corredata di impact factor; il repository istituzionale
- vetrina e archivio (a breve auto implementato); la fornitura degli articoli
direttamente ai ricercatori.
I risultati conseguiti riguardano due aspetti essenziali:
ââ il rafforzamento del valore sociale in termini di diffusione della conoscenza,
di formazione e informazione degli utenti, di raccolta e conservazione
della documentazione scientifica, di interlocutore privilegiato aperto al
territorio locale soprattutto per le tematiche sanitarie;
ââ lâincremento del valore economico, vale a dire lâutile realizzato sugli investimenti
di funzionamento (abbonamenti alle banche dati, gold road, personale),
in termini di produzione e pubblicazione di risultati della ricerca scientifica,
valutazione della produzione scientifica, realizzazione di risparmi
attraverso la partecipazione a consorzi, contributo dato alla presentazione o
rendicontazione di progetti di ricerca, twinning, opportunitĂ di incontro tra
ricercatori, ritorno dâimmagine e âfiduciaâ per lâintera organizzazione.During the past years, so to address the different needs of our users, the library
of the dellâIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dellâAbruzzo e del Molise
âG.Caporaleâ(IZSAM) has fostered several activities to support the pressing
scientific and educational necessities arising from both the emergence of the socalled
information society â data-driven societies, which are dependant of the
use of information and communication technologies, and the evolution of the
institutional role of the library itself.
The past decade has been characterised by radical changes in the library science
and management. We went from the physical to the digital archiving of books
and journals, from an artisanal archiving procedure to the with SBN and ACNP,
from the use of indexing paper-based publications to online indexing and search
engines, from postcards sent to request scientific articles to the NILDE universe
At the same time, our users grew in number and became a heterogeneous
group, assigning to the library a leading role in a all new set of scenarios prompted
by the information-revolution:
education;
scientific research production;
scientific research evaluation;
creation of an institutional repository;
circulation of news, both media-oriented and governance-related.
The IZASAM library made brave decisions, like fostering an open access policy
with respect to the scientific, peer-reviewed journal Veterinaria Italiana, which is
indexed in some of the major scientific repositories and has an impact factor; as
well as with the creation of an institutional repository â an (auto-implemented)
archive, and the supporting of the IZASAM research staff by providing them
directly with the research articles and books that they may need.The obtained results concerns two pivotal aspects:
the strengthening of the social value of the library; re: the sharing of
information and knowledge, the fostering usersâ education, the collection
and archiving of scientific publications, and the crucial role that the
library acquired in its territory for the sharing of scientific information
concerning health-related topics;
the growing of the economic value; i.e. the profit made on the investments
made to improve the libraryâs activities (subscription to repositories, gold
road, and staff), along with the production and publication of scientific
research, evaluation of the scientific output, the participation in consortia,
the collaboration in research projects, i.e. focusing on the budgeting and
circulation of news relevant to the considered research projects, twinning,
as well as organisation of networking opportunities for the IZASAM
researchers; and eventually the support to the reputation of the whole
IZASAM and of the public trust in it
Su alcuni punti nodali della questione ucraina (XIX-XXI secolo)
The chapter analyses the \u201cUkrainian Question\u201d, through examples of old and new analyses on Ukrainian identity, starting from an essay written by the British historian A.J. Toynbee in 1916, when the result of the WW1 and the future of Ukraine was still uncertain. Toynbee\u2019s assumptions are compared with interpretations given by various authors from 19th up to 21st centuries, showing that the crux of the matter is still debated by conteporary analysts. In conclusion, it is expressed the hope that the new presidency could take significant steps in order to consolidate the Ukrainian sovereignity in a peaceful perspective of democratic development
Ecosistemi per la ricerca Atti Convegno ACNP/NILDE Trieste, 22-23 maggio 2014
Il secondo convegno congiunto ACNP / NILDE: ecosistemi per la ricerca Ăš stato
ospitato dal 22 al 23 maggio 2014 dallâUniversitĂ di Trieste.
Sotto gli auspici della stessa UniversitĂ di Trieste e degli altri enti di ricerca
del Friuli Venezia Giulia1 sono stati affrontati in unâottica internazionale i temi
del rapporto tra cataloghi collettivi e servizi interbibliotecari, e il piĂč generale
ambito dei servizi bibliografici per la ricerca scientifica.
ACNP e NILDE possono essere considerati un vero e proprio ecosistema. Le
biblioteche e i bibliotecari collaborano tra di loro in maniera reciproca e secondo
modalitĂ interconnesse, offrendo agli utenti servizi sempre piĂč evoluti e dinamici.
Questo ecosistema, essendo aperto, mette i propri servizi a disposizione della
ricerca scientifica in senso generale. Il convegno di Trieste ha offerto lâoccasione
di investigare e proporre soluzioni innovative, interconnessioni e relazioni nuove
e piĂč proficue.
Il convegno ha presentato alcune rilevanti esperienze internazionali in tema
di servizi interbibliotecari e cataloghi collettivi e la prosecuzione di attivitĂ che erano state proposte come spunti di ispirazione nel convegno precedente2 inoltre
si sono condotte delle riflessioni sulle nuove esigenze dellâutenza.
Una ultima parte Ăš dedicata alla illustrazione degli sviluppi tecnici e le prospettive
future di ACNP e di NILDE.
Hanno partecipato allâevento oltre 200 colleghi italiani e stranieri ed i relatori
dei 18 contributi provenivano da Italia, Germania, Austria, Grecia, Slovenia e
Stati Uniti. Il carattere di confronto e di condivisione delle esperienze tipico della
realtĂ partecipativa di ACNP e NILDE, Ăš emerso anche in questa occasione nella
tavola rotonda - di cui viene riportato un resoconto dettagliato - che ha affrontato
il tema della valutazione della ricerca dal punto di vista delle biblioteche. Inoltre,
la molto partecipata sessione poster ha ospitato 13 lavori- anchâessi riportati nel
volume - incentrati oltre che su ACNP e NILDE anche sul tema ricerca e sistema
biblioteca, dando ottimi spunti di partecipazione, dialogo e confronto sulle diverse
realtĂ in cui operiamo
A machine-learning based bio-psycho-social model for the prediction of non-obstructive and obstructive coronary artery disease
Background: Mechanisms of myocardial ischemia in obstructive and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), and the interplay between clinical, functional, biological and psycho-social features, are still far to be fully elucidated. Objectives: To develop a machine-learning (ML) model for the supervised prediction of obstructive versus non-obstructive CAD. Methods: From the EVA study, we analysed adults hospitalized for IHD undergoing conventional coronary angiography (CCA). Non-obstructive CAD was defined by a stenosisâ<â50% in one or more vessels. Baseline clinical and psycho-socio-cultural characteristics were used for computing a Rockwood and Mitnitski frailty index, and a gender score according to GENESIS-PRAXY methodology. Serum concentration of inflammatory cytokines was measured with a multiplex flow cytometry assay. Through an XGBoost classifier combined with an explainable artificial intelligence tool (SHAP), we identified the most influential features in discriminating obstructive versus non-obstructive CAD. Results: Among the overall EVA cohort (nâ=â509), 311 individuals (mean age 67â±â11 years, 38% females; 67% obstructive CAD) with complete data were analysed. The ML-based model (83% accuracy and 87% precision) showed that while obstructive CAD was associated with higher frailty index, older age and a cytokine signature characterized by IL-1ÎČ, IL-12p70 and IL-33, non-obstructive CAD was associated with a higher gender score (i.e., social characteristics traditionally ascribed to women) and with a cytokine signature characterized by IL-18, IL-8, IL-23. Conclusions: Integrating clinical, biological, and psycho-social features, we have optimized a sex- and gender-unbiased model that discriminates obstructive and non-obstructive CAD. Further mechanistic studies will shed light on the biological plausibility of these associations. Clinical trial registration: NCT02737982
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin receptor blocker initiation on organ support-free days in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
IMPORTANCE Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may contribute to poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.
Objective To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) initiation improves outcomes in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an ongoing, adaptive platform randomized clinical trial, 721 critically ill and 58 nonâcritically ill hospitalized adults were randomized to receive an RAS inhibitor or control between March 16, 2021, and February 25, 2022, at 69 sites in 7 countries (final follow-up on June 1, 2022).
INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized to receive open-label initiation of an ACE inhibitor (nâ=â257), ARB (nâ=â248), ARB in combination with DMX-200 (a chemokine receptor-2 inhibitor; nâ=â10), or no RAS inhibitor (control; nâ=â264) for up to 10 days.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was organ supportâfree days, a composite of hospital survival and days alive without cardiovascular or respiratory organ support through 21 days. The primary analysis was a bayesian cumulative logistic model. Odds ratios (ORs) greater than 1 represent improved outcomes.
RESULTS On February 25, 2022, enrollment was discontinued due to safety concerns. Among 679 critically ill patients with available primary outcome data, the median age was 56 years and 239 participants (35.2%) were women. Median (IQR) organ supportâfree days among critically ill patients was 10 (â1 to 16) in the ACE inhibitor group (nâ=â231), 8 (â1 to 17) in the ARB group (nâ=â217), and 12 (0 to 17) in the control group (nâ=â231) (median adjusted odds ratios of 0.77 [95% bayesian credible interval, 0.58-1.06] for improvement for ACE inhibitor and 0.76 [95% credible interval, 0.56-1.05] for ARB compared with control). The posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitors and ARBs worsened organ supportâfree days compared with control were 94.9% and 95.4%, respectively. Hospital survival occurred in 166 of 231 critically ill participants (71.9%) in the ACE inhibitor group, 152 of 217 (70.0%) in the ARB group, and 182 of 231 (78.8%) in the control group (posterior probabilities that ACE inhibitor and ARB worsened hospital survival compared with control were 95.3% and 98.1%, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this trial, among critically ill adults with COVID-19, initiation of an ACE inhibitor or ARB did not improve, and likely worsened, clinical outcomes.
TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0273570
Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in Eastern Europe and Russia
The HIV epidemic in Eastern Europe and Russia is large and not well-controlled. To describe the more recent molecular epidemiology of HIV-1, transmitted drug resistance, and the relationship between the epidemics in this region, we sequenced the protease and reverse transcriptase genes of HIV-1 from 812 people living with HIV from Ukraine (n = 191), Georgia (n = 201), and Russia (n = 420) before the initiation of antiretroviral therapy. In 190 Ukrainian patients, the integrase gene sequence was also determined. The most reported route of transmission was heterosexual contact, followed by intravenous drug use, and men having sex with men (MSM). Several pre-existing drug resistance mutations were found against non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) (n = 103), protease inhibitors (n = 11), and nucleoside analogue RTIs (n = 12), mostly polymorphic mutations or revertants. In the integrase gene, four strains with accessory integrase strand transfer inhibitor mutations were identified. Sub-subtype A6 caused most of the infections (713/812; 87.8%) in all three countries, including in MSM. In contrast to earlier studies, no clear clusters related to the route of transmission were identified, indicating that, within the region, the exchange of viruses among the different risk groups may occur more often than earlier reported
Ecosistemi per la ricerca Atti Convegno ACNP/NILDE Trieste, 22-23 maggio 2014
Il secondo convegno congiunto ACNP / NILDE: ecosistemi per la ricerca Ăš stato
ospitato dal 22 al 23 maggio 2014 dallâUniversitĂ di Trieste.
Sotto gli auspici della stessa UniversitĂ di Trieste e degli altri enti di ricerca
del Friuli Venezia Giulia1 sono stati affrontati in unâottica internazionale i temi
del rapporto tra cataloghi collettivi e servizi interbibliotecari, e il piĂč generale
ambito dei servizi bibliografici per la ricerca scientifica.
ACNP e NILDE possono essere considerati un vero e proprio ecosistema. Le
biblioteche e i bibliotecari collaborano tra di loro in maniera reciproca e secondo
modalitĂ interconnesse, offrendo agli utenti servizi sempre piĂč evoluti e dinamici.
Questo ecosistema, essendo aperto, mette i propri servizi a disposizione della
ricerca scientifica in senso generale. Il convegno di Trieste ha offerto lâoccasione
di investigare e proporre soluzioni innovative, interconnessioni e relazioni nuove
e piĂč proficue.
Il convegno ha presentato alcune rilevanti esperienze internazionali in tema
di servizi interbibliotecari e cataloghi collettivi e la prosecuzione di attivitĂ che erano state proposte come spunti di ispirazione nel convegno precedente2 inoltre
si sono condotte delle riflessioni sulle nuove esigenze dellâutenza.
Una ultima parte Ăš dedicata alla illustrazione degli sviluppi tecnici e le prospettive
future di ACNP e di NILDE.
Hanno partecipato allâevento oltre 200 colleghi italiani e stranieri ed i relatori
dei 18 contributi provenivano da Italia, Germania, Austria, Grecia, Slovenia e
Stati Uniti. Il carattere di confronto e di condivisione delle esperienze tipico della
realtĂ partecipativa di ACNP e NILDE, Ăš emerso anche in questa occasione nella
tavola rotonda - di cui viene riportato un resoconto dettagliato - che ha affrontato
il tema della valutazione della ricerca dal punto di vista delle biblioteche. Inoltre,
la molto partecipata sessione poster ha ospitato 13 lavori- anchâessi riportati nel
volume - incentrati oltre che su ACNP e NILDE anche sul tema ricerca e sistema
biblioteca, dando ottimi spunti di partecipazione, dialogo e confronto sulle diverse
realtĂ in cui operiamo.Oltre allâUniversitĂ di Trieste come organizzatori locali lâIRCCS materno infantile Burlo Garofalo, la SISSA, lâICGEB, lâINAF di Trieste, lâICTP e lâUniversitĂ di Udine; e con il patrocinio della
Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri, la Regione Autonoma Friuli Venezia Giulia, la Provincia
di Trieste, il comune di Trieste, lâAIB e il CRO di Aviano.PublishedTrieste4IT. Banche datiope
Vaccine effectiveness against severe laboratory-confirmed influenza in children: results of two consecutive seasons in Italy
âąVaccine effectiveness in children visiting an Emergency Department for influenza.âąTest negative case-control study in 11 paediatric centres in two influenza seasons.âąVaccine effectiveness in preventing ED visits: 38% (95% CI -52% to 75%).âąAdd information for recommendation for vaccination in children. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing Emergency Department (ED) visits and hospitalisations for influenza like illness (ILI) in children. Methods: We conducted a test negative case-control study during the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 influenza seasons. Eleven paediatric hospital/wards in seven Italian regions participated in the study. Consecutive children visiting the ED with an ILI, as diagnosed by the doctor according to the European Centre for Disease Control case definition, were eligible for the study. Data were collected from trained pharmacists/physicians by interviewing parents during the ED visit (or hospital admission) of their children. An influenza microbiological test (RT-PCR) was carried out in all children. Results: Seven-hundred and four children, from 6 months to 16 years of age, were enrolled: 262 children tested positive for one of the influenza viruses (cases) and 442 tested negative (controls). Cases were older than controls (median age 46 vs. 29 months), though with a similar prevalence of chronic conditions. Only 25 children (4%) were vaccinated in the study period. The overall age-adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) was 38% (95% confidence interval -52% to 75%). A higher VE was estimated for hospitalised children (53%; 95% confidence interval -45% to 85%). Discussion: This study supports the effectiveness of the seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing visits to the EDs and hospitalisations for ILI in children, although the estimates were not statistically significant and with wide confidence intervals. Future systematic reviews of available data will provide more robust evidence for recommending influenza vaccination in children. © 2014 The Authors