Search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1 in the second Advanced LIGO observing run with an improved hidden Markov model

We present results from a semicoherent search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass x-ray binary Scorpius X-1, using a hidden Markov model (HMM) to track spin wandering. This search improves on previous HMM-based searches of LIGO data by using an improved frequency domain matched filter, the J-statistic, and by analyzing data from Advanced LIGO's second observing run. In the frequency range searched, from 60 to 650 Hz, we find no evidence of gravitational radiation. At 194.6 Hz, the most sensitive search frequency, we report an upper limit on gravitational wave strain (at 95% confidence) of h095%=3.47×10-25 when marginalizing over source inclination angle. This is the most sensitive search for Scorpius X-1, to date, that is specifically designed to be robust in the presence of spin wandering. © 2019 American Physical Society

Search for Gravitational Waves Associated with Gamma-Ray Bursts Detected by Fermi and Swift during the LIGO-Virgo Run O3b

We search for gravitational-wave signals associated with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by the Fermi and Swift satellites during the second half of the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo (2019 November 1 15:00 UTC-2020 March 27 17:00 UTC). We conduct two independent searches: A generic gravitational-wave transients search to analyze 86 GRBs and an analysis to target binary mergers with at least one neutron star as short GRB progenitors for 17 events. We find no significant evidence for gravitational-wave signals associated with any of these GRBs. A weighted binomial test of the combined results finds no evidence for subthreshold gravitational-wave signals associated with this GRB ensemble either. We use several source types and signal morphologies during the searches, resulting in lower bounds on the estimated distance to each GRB. Finally, we constrain the population of low-luminosity short GRBs using results from the first to the third observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. The resulting population is in accordance with the local binary neutron star merger rate. © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society

Search for gravitational-wave transients associated with magnetar bursts in advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo data from the third observing run

Gravitational waves are expected to be produced from neutron star oscillations associated with magnetar giant f lares and short bursts. We present the results of a search for short-duration (milliseconds to seconds) and longduration (∼100 s) transient gravitational waves from 13 magnetar short bursts observed during Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo, and KAGRA’s third observation run. These 13 bursts come from two magnetars, SGR1935 +2154 and SwiftJ1818.0−1607. We also include three other electromagnetic burst events detected by FermiGBM which were identified as likely coming from one or more magnetars, but they have no association with a known magnetar. No magnetar giant flares were detected during the analysis period. We find no evidence of gravitational waves associated with any of these 16 bursts. We place upper limits on the rms of the integrated incident gravitational-wave strain that reach 3.6 × 10−²³ Hz at 100 Hz for the short-duration search and 1.1 ×10−²² Hz at 450 Hz for the long-duration search. For a ringdown signal at 1590 Hz targeted by the short-duration search the limit is set to 2.3 × 10−²² Hz. Using the estimated distance to each magnetar, we derive upper limits upper limits on the emitted gravitational-wave energy of 1.5 × 1044 erg (1.0 × 1044 erg) for SGR 1935+2154 and 9.4 × 10^43 erg (1.3 × 1044 erg) for Swift J1818.0−1607, for the short-duration (long-duration) search. Assuming isotropic emission of electromagnetic radiation of the burst fluences, we constrain the ratio of gravitational-wave energy to electromagnetic energy for bursts from SGR 1935+2154 with the available fluence information. The lowest of these ratios is 4.5 × 103

A joint Fermi-GBM and Swift-BAT analysis of gravitational-wave candidates from the third gravitational-wave observing run

We present Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (Fermi-GBM) and Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT) searches for gamma-ray/X-ray counterparts to gravitational-wave (GW) candidate events identified during the third observing run of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. Using Fermi-GBM onboard triggers and subthreshold gamma-ray burst (GRB) candidates found in the Fermi-GBM ground analyses, the Targeted Search and the Untargeted Search, we investigate whether there are any coincident GRBs associated with the GWs. We also search the Swift-BAT rate data around the GW times to determine whether a GRB counterpart is present. No counterparts are found. Using both the Fermi-GBM Targeted Search and the Swift-BAT search, we calculate flux upper limits and present joint upper limits on the gamma-ray luminosity of each GW. Given these limits, we constrain theoretical models for the emission of gamma rays from binary black hole mergers

Relación músculo-hueso en ratones de una población segregante discriminados por sus patrones de crecimiento en peso corporal y longitud caudal

According to Hooper´s hypothesis the growth plate acts as a pacemaker to set the pace of skeletal and muscle growth in a sequence that affects the longitudinal growth of bone, muscle mass and the weight of the bone. Its adequacy for characterizing the muscle-bone relationship in the mouse was studied in male (n=326) and female (n=332) mice belonging to a segregating population derived from a cross between two lines selected for body conformation with significant differences in total biomass supported but not in the length of their femurs. Mice were discriminated by their dynamic patterns of skeletal (tail length) growth and biomass (body weight) deposition characterized by the asymptotic size and maturation rate values estimated by the Gompertz function. The behavior of five indicators of muscle-bone relationship: femur and tibia weight, femur and tibia length and triceps surae muscle weight was studied. Regarding both, body weight and skeletal length growth patterns, the results corroborate the role of pacemaker on muscle and skeletal growth proposed forthe epiphyseal plate by Hooper´s hypothesis.Fil: Pippa, C. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Genética Experimental. Santa Fe, ArgentinaFil: Di Masso, R.J. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Genética. Santa Fe, ArgentinaLa hipótesis de Hooper plantea que la placa epifisaria de los huesos largos actúa como un marcapasos estableciendo el ritmo del crecimiento muscular-esquelético y afectando en forma secuencial el crecimiento longitudinal del hueso, la masa de los músculos que en él se insertan y el peso del hueso. La adecuación de la misma a la caracterización de la relación músculo-hueso en el ratón se estudió en machos (n=326) y hembras (n=332) de una población segregante (F2) derivada del cruzamiento entre dos líneas seleccionadas por conformación corporal con diferencias significativas en la biomasa total sustentada pero no en la longitud de sus fémures. Los animales se discriminaron por los patrones dinámicos de crecimiento en peso corporal y longitud caudal caracterizados por los valores de los estimadores de tamaño asintótico y tasa de maduración derivados de la función de Gompertz. La variable relación músculo-hueso se evaluó a partir del comportamiento de cinco indicadores: peso del fémur, peso de la tibia, longitud del fémur, longitud de la tibia y peso del músculo tríceps sural. Tomando en consideración ambos patrones dinámicos de crecimiento los resultados corroboran la función de marcapaso de la placa epifisaria para el crecimiento muscular-esquelético postulada por Hooper

Relationship between the time elapsed from estrus detection to artifi cial insemination and pregnancy in dairy cows

The aim of this work was to study the relationship between the duration of the period of time between heat detection and insemination and pregnancy rate in dairy cows and whether, if any, this relationship is affected by the season of the year or the bull. A retrospective observational study on 755 periods of time elapsed from estrus detection to artifi cial insemination of Holstein dairy cows was performed. Based on the duration of the aforementioned period cows were categorized into the three following groups: <6 hours, 6 to 12 hours and 12 to 18 hours. Independently of the low pregnancy rates observed during the four seasons all comparisons were statistically not signifi cant either among periods within season or between seasons within period or between bulls within period. It is concluded that the effectiveness of artifi cial insemination would not be affected by the time elapsed since heat detection and that this homogeneous behavior described for pregnancy rates is not affected by the season of the year or the source of the semen (bull) used.\nFil: Marini, P.R. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Producción de Bovinos de Leche. Santa Fe, ArgentinaFil: Galassi, I. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Producción de Bovinos de Leche. Santa Fe, ArgentinaFil: Di Masso, R.J. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Servicio de Asesoramiento Metodológico. Santa Fe, ArgentinaEl objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la relación entre la duración del período transcurrido desde la detección del celo hasta la inseminación y la tasa de preñez en vacas lecheras y si, de existir, dicha relación se ve afectada por la identidad del toro donante del semen y/o por la época del año en que se lleva a cabo la inseminación. En un estudio de carácter retrospectivo se evaluó información disponible sobre 755 períodos celos-servicios correspondientes a 755 vacas lecheras Holando Argentino. En función de esta información las vacas se categorizaron de acuerdo al lapso en horas transcurrido, entre la detección del celo y su inseminación en tres grupos: < 6 horas, 6 a 12 horas y 12 a 18 horas. Las asociaciones entre los efectos período y toro y período y estación del año sobre la proporción de vacas vacías y preñadas resultaron no significativas. Se concluye que, dentro de los límites de los lapsos estudiados, la efectividad de la inseminación no se vería afectada por el tiempo transcurrido desde la detección del celo y que el comportamiento homogéneo de los índices de preñez tampoco se modifi ca como consecuencia de la estación del año ni muestra asociación significativa con la identidad de los toros donantes de semen

Altura a la cadera e indicadores productivos y reproductivos en vacas lecheras en pastoreo

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracteri- zar las relaciones entre la altura a la cadera como indicador de tamaño corporal, con diferentes indicadores productivos y reproductivos en va- cas lecheras mantenidas sobre pasturas en un intento por identificar biotipos con diferente apti- tud en este tipo de sistemas. Se compararon vacas Holstein de tercera lactancia, de distinto tamaño corporal, que conviven en sistemas a pastoreo. Se analizaron variables productivas y reproductivas para los distintos tamaños. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente signifi- cativas (p>0,05) entre las vacas de mayor tamaño y las de menor tamaño en las variables reproductivas y en los indicadores productivos estudiados. Los resultados indican que la altura no incide en los niveles productivos ni en los reproductivos. Se identificaron cuatro biotipos y se constata que para el sistema de producción de leche en la región de la pampa húmeda de la República Argentina, el más eficiente es el de vacas con menor altura y producción de leche media.The aim of this study was to characterize the relationships between hip height as an indicator of body size, with different productive and reproduc- tive indicators in dairy cows kept on pasture; in an attempt to identify biotypes with different aptitu- des in this type of system. A comparison of productive and reproductive variables was made among Holstein cows of the third lactation, of different body sizes, which coexist in grazing systems. There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) among larger and smaller cows neither in reproductive traits nor in their productive performance. Four biotypes were identified. For the typical pampa dairy production grazing system the most efficient biotype is that of lower height and average milk production

Egg length, width and shape dynamics in three populations of free-range hens

The shape of the eggs laid by three genotypes of hens suitable for semi-intensive systems: Campero Casilda, Negra INTA and Rhode Island Red was evaluated with the aim of studying, with a dynamic criterion, its modification throughout the cycle given its relationship with the resistance to breakage and its aptitude as incubating eggs. Random samples of 50 eggs from each group were collected monthly from 25 to 69 weeks of age. Egg length and width were measured and the shape index (IF= (width / length) x 100) was calculated. Eggs were classified as elongated IF 76. Egg length-age and width-age data were fitted with the Brody function. Shape index-age data were fitted by linear regression. The positive association between shape index and shell strength and the negative association with hatchability determines that rounded eggs have higher strength but less aptitude as hatching eggs and vice versa. As a comparative advantage, Campero Casilda eggs present during a greater proportion of the production cycle a rounded shape associated with a better behavior against breakage, but with the disadvantage of being less suitable for incubation purposes.Fil: Romera, B.M. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Genética. Santa Fé, ArgentinaFil: Advínculo, S.A. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Genética. Santa Fé, ArgentinaFil: Canet, Z.E. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Genética. Santa Fé, ArgentinaFil: Canet, Z.E. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria "Ing. Agr. Walter Kugler" (EEA) Pergamino. Buenos Aires, ArgentinaFil: Dottavio, A.M. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Genética. Santa Fé, ArgentinaFil: Di Masso, R.J. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Cátedra de Genética. Santa Fé, ArgentinaSe evaluó la forma de los huevos puestos por tres genotipos de gallinas destinadas a sistemas semiintensivos: Campero Casilda, Negra INTA y Rhode Island Red, con el objetivo de estudiar, con un criteriodinámico, su modificación a lo largo del ciclo de postura dada su relación con la resistencia a la rotura y su aptitud para la incubación. Entre las 25 y 69 semanas de edad se recolectaron mensualmente muestras aleatorias de 50 huevos de cada grupo, se midió su longitud y ancho, se calculó el índice de forma (IF= (ancho / largo) x 100) y se los clasificó en alargados IF 76. Los datos longitud y ancho del huevo se ajustaron en función de la edad con el modelo de Brody y los del índice de forma por regresión lineal. La asociación positiva entre el índice de forma y la resistencia de la cáscara y negativa con la incubabilidad determina que los huevos redondeados presenten mayor resistencia pero menor aptitud como huevos incubables y viceversa. Los huevos Campero Casilda presentan como ventaja comparativa durante una mayor proporción del ciclo una forma redondeada asociada a un mejor comportamiento frente a las roturas y como desventaja su menor adecuación como huevos incubables.\