Influence of metabolic syndrome on left atrial size among sample of patients attending Al Karama teaching hospital in Iraq

Background: Left atrial (LA) enlargement has been linked to obesity and insulin-resistance in adults. The aim of this study was to determine the association between LA area and: a) different components of the metabolic syndrome including obesity (OB) measures of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)), insulin resistance (IR, proinsulin), and blood pressure (BP) b) left ventricular mass and diastolic function measured by echo doppler.Methods: 90 subjects, (42 OB (BMI >30, 30, overweight (BMI >25)), 18 non-OB (BMI <25. BMI, WC, BP, tanner stage, and mode M, 2-dimensional and doppler transmitral echocardiography were assessed. A standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was done, measuring glucose, insulin, and proinsulin concentrations.Results: Hypertension was only present in OB (30%). LA enlargement (>2 SD) adjusted for height was more frequent in OB and overweight. Significant univariate association (P<0.001) was found between LA area and height (r = 0.52), age (r = 0.45), tanner stage(r = 0.45), BMI (r = 0.66), WC (r = 0.70), systolic BP (r = 0.52), diastolic BP (r =0.53), proinsulin (r = 0.36) and HOMA-IR (r = 0.36). In the multivariate regression analysis, independent variables were entered in a stepwise fashion: initially, gender (P = 0.006), and tanner stage (P = 0.011) were still significant independent correlates of LA area after adjusting for age, gender, and Tanner stage. Subsequently incorporation of WC showed that WC (P = 0.018) was a significant independent correlate of LA area. A regression model constructed to test the significance of adjustment factors, including WC, BP, left ventricular mass, and HOMA-IR showed that WC (P<0.001) was the only significant independent variable.Conclusions: Waist circumference is the main factor affecting left atrial size among patient with metabolic syndrome

Prevalence of end stage renal disease and associated conditions in hemodialysis Iraqi patients

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is the third most common non-communicable disease throughout the world. Most of the patients with chronic kidney disease suffer from hypertension, diabetes and with glomerulonephritis. Many of these CKD patients ultimately terminate to End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) when life is not sustainable unless hemodialysis is initiated. This study was to identify systemic and renal disease leading to ESRD requiring hemodialysis and associated co-morbidities.Methods: Data was collected from three selected three hemodialysis centers in three hospitals during one-year study in Iraq. Patients were selected purposively who were available at the time of interview. Data was collected on working days at three shifts. these data collected from patients and their relatives in these centers after taking informed consent from patients the pre-tested questionnaire was filled up by taking general history, family history, socioeconomic condition, drug history and available records were reviewed for collecting previous biochemical parameters. All entered data were analyzed by using SPSS program.Results: Among total 400 subjects, male was 260 (65%) and female 140 (35%). Majority of patients were middle aged. Glomerulonephritis were found to be the leading cause of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) (50.4%), followed by diabetes in 31.1%, Poly Cystic Kidney Disease (PKD) 5.3%, Renal Stone in 3.7% and rest other. Among the study population hypertension was the most common co morbidity disease (63%) followed by ischemic heart disease and Cerebrovascular accidents.Conclusions: The leading cause of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) was the glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy was the second common cause. Hypertension was the most common associated co morbid disease

Evaluation the Role of Interleukin-8 and Interleukin-10 in Myocardial Infarction Patients in Al- Najaf City

This study conducted to evaluate the interleukin-8 and interleukin- 10 level in hypertension and myocardial infarction patients in the period from March to December 2018 by using ELISA technique. A total of thirty three (33) patients from which (5 women and 8 men) with MI and (7 women and 4 men) with hypertension and a total of 19 (7 women and 12 men) healthy individuals were considered as control group. Resulting in, the mean of interleukin-8 level of hypertension and myocardial infarction patients (416.6 pg/ml) and (433.2pg/ml) respectively, with significant elevation comparing with non hypertension (292.03 pg/ml), non myocardial patients (378.9 pg/ml) and control (123.1 pg/ml), furthermore, mean of interleukin-10 level of hypertension and myocardial infarction patients (320.5pg/ml) and (102.9 pg/ml) respectively, with significantly different compared with non patients and control, where show significant increase mean of interleukin-10 level of hypertension compared with non hypertension patients (260.5 pg/ml) and control (129.4 pg/ml), also show a significant decline mean of interleukin-10 level for myocardial in comparison with non myocardial patients (146.3 pg/ml) and control (129.4 pg/ml). Concluded that  interleukin-8 (pro and anti- inflammatory) significantly raised in hypertension and myocardial infarction in coronary artery patients, in contrast, this result observed decrease production of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 in myocardial patients

Evaluation the Role of Interleukin-8 and Interleukin-10 in Myocardial Infarction Patients in Al- Najaf City

This study conducted to evaluate the interleukin-8 and interleukin- 10 level in hypertension and myocardial infarction patients in the period from March to December 2018 by using ELISA technique. A total of thirty three (33) patients from which (5 women and 8 men) with MI and (7 women and 4 men) with hypertension and a total of 19 (7 women and 12 men) healthy individuals were considered as control group. Resulting in, the mean of interleukin-8 level of hypertension and myocardial infarction patients (416.6 pg/ml) and (433.2pg/ml) respectively, with significant elevation comparing with non hypertension (292.03 pg/ml), non myocardial patients (378.9 pg/ml) and control (123.1 pg/ml), furthermore, mean of interleukin-10 level of hypertension and myocardial infarction patients (320.5pg/ml) and (102.9 pg/ml) respectively, with significantly different compared with non patients and control, where show significant increase mean of interleukin-10 level of hypertension compared with non hypertension patients (260.5 pg/ml) and control (129.4 pg/ml), also show a significant decline mean of interleukin-10 level for myocardial in comparison with non myocardial patients (146.3 pg/ml) and control (129.4 pg/ml). Concluded that  interleukin-8 (pro and anti- inflammatory) significantly raised in hypertension and myocardial infarction in coronary artery patients, in contrast, this result observed decrease production of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 in myocardial patients

A review of computational methods for electron affinity in determined molecules

Some density function theories ( DFT/ 6 - 311++ G (3 df, 3 pd ) basis set   ) methods  with as  BPV86, B3PV91, B3LYP, LSDA, MPW1PW91, HCTH,  THCTH, PBE1PBE, PBEPBE, and T PSSTPSS  with Hartree– Fock (HF) and Ab initio methods. These calculations were  at  quadratic -  complete basis set (CBS-  Q method ).  Results of these studies  appear that DFT results overestimate  and Hartree– Fock results underestimate of EA’s values as compared  with experimental calculations. Good convergence with experimental studies  of electron affinities  in density functional theory methods. Electron affinities of LiBr, NaBr, F2 and OH diatomic molecules  have been calculated  using   methods above.  The electron affinity values that have been extended using THCTH method are overvalued to OH and F2 compounds and dropped to NaBr and LiBr compounds. Also CBS-Q theory or method provides good calculations for OH, LiBr and NaBr molecules, therefore, the electron affinity result is lower than data in  experiment one, by ( 1 eV) that in cases of  F2  moelcule

Evaluation of regulatory and practices on disclosure for Sukuk in Saudi Arabia

Financial market authorities demand participants in the market to disclose relevant information to the public. So that to prevent the utilization of individuals, less informed, and minority investors by exporting companies, in the ground of Islamic capital markets, particularly in sukuk markets, in order to achieve the bargain by applying the principle of avoiding excessive uncertainty and reducing asymmetry information between different parties in the sukuk contract, where disclosure of specific information is required by Islamic law authorities. Certainly this disclosure is the first layer to protect investor and consumer. Information relating to Sukuk investment is disclosed not only at the time of issue but also thereafter. This is a special trend of the sukuk market. The main objective of this paper is to assess the disclosure regulations within the presentation process and the secondary market activities of sukuk in Saudi Arabia

A comparative study of Praziqantele and flagyle drugs capacity for Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia in The AL-Chibaish District- Fohood Area –/Thi-Qar Province.

Abstract:Objective :-The present study aims to compare between Praziqantele and flagyl drug in treatment Entamoeba histolytica  and Giardia lamblia.Methodology:-a treatment study was carried out in health center in Al – Fuhood area, The present study used praziquantel and flagyl drug for treatment of (64) persons attending to health center in Al – Fuhood area and with a medical  supervioser some of them are infected with Entamoeba histolytica and some them infected with Giardia lamblia  ,the average age for them was between (53-1)years and from both six (35male ,29female ). Showed that infection level was between mid and severe cases.Results: A high cure rate was recorded in the out patients treated with Praziquantel (87.5%) and with Metronidazole(flagyl) (81.25%). الخلاصة: الهدف : تهدف الدراسة إلى متابعة نسبة الشفاء باستعمال عقار البرازيكونتيل ومقارنتها مع نسبة الشفاء باستخدام عقار الفلاجيل . المنهجية: دراسة علاجية أجريت في المركز الصحي التابع لناحية الفهود ,قضاء الجبايش في محافظة ذي قار, استعمل عقاري البرازيكونتيل Praziquantel والفلاجيل Flagyl خلال هذه الدراسة لمعالجة (64) شخصاً بعضهم مصاب بطفيلي الزحار الأميبي والبعض الأخر مصاب بطفيلي الجيارديا والمراجعين إلى المركز الصحي في ناحية الفهود وبإشراف طبي تراوحت أعمار المعالجين بين (1-53) سنة ومن كلا الجنسين (35 ذكراً، 29 أنثى) وكانت شدة الإصابة بين المتوسطة و الشديدة. النتائج :- بلغت نسبة الشفاء لعلاج البرازيكونتيل Praziquantel 87.5% وعلاج الميترونيدازول (الفلاجيل) Metronidazole 81.25%. التوصيات : توصي الدراسة الحالية إلى إجراء دراسات مشابهة على مناطق أوسع وبإشراف طبي لتعميم استخدامه.

Parametric investigations to enhance thermal performance of paraffin through a novel geometrical configuration of shell and tube latent thermal storage system

This paper presents a two-dimensional finite element computational model which investigates thermal behaviour of a novel geometrical configuration of shell and tube based latent heat storage (LHS) system. Commercial grade paraffin is used as a phase change material (PCM) with water is employed as a heat transfer fluid (HTF). In this numerical analysis, the parametric investigations are conducted to identify the enhancement in melting rate and thermal storage capacity. The parametric investigations are comprised of number and orientation of tube passes in the shell, longitudinal fins length and thickness, materials for shell, tube and fins, and inlet temperature of HTF. Numerical analysis revealed that the melting rate is significantly enhanced by increasing the number of tube passes from 9 to 21. In 21 passes configuration, conduction heat transfer is the dominant and effective mode of heat transfer. The length of fins has profound impact on melting rate as compared to fins thickness. Also, the reduction in thermal storage capacity due to an increase in fins length is minimal to that of increase in fins thickness. The influence of several materials for shell, tube and fins are examined. Due to higher thermal conductivity, the melting rate for copper and aluminium is significantly higher than steel AISI 4340, cast iron, tin and nickel. Similarly, the thermal storage capacity and melting rate of LHS system is increased by a fraction of 18.06 % and 68.8 % as the inlet temperature of HTF is increased from 323.15 K to 343.15 K, respectively. This study presents an insight into how to augment the thermal behaviour of paraffin based LHS system and ultimately, these findings inform novel design solutions for wide-ranging practical utilisation in both domestic and commercial heat storage applications