What lurks beneath the event evaluation - Social media!

In August 2013 Northern Ireland hosted the World Police and Fire Games. The official event evaluation found that the games projected Northern Ireland in a positive light; however this survey does not tell the full story. Leading up to this event Northern Ireland experienced four months of civil unrest. Many consumers turned to social media to seek reassurance and guidance. However, the event organisers did not provide such support. In fact, by mismanaging concerns regarding political stability and visitor safety this event in effect reinforced the negative stereotypical images of Northern Ireland and because it happened on-line it was ignored in the official event evaluation. The two key lessons pertinent to event organisers and destination marketers from this case study are do not underestimate the power of social media especially in a time of crisis, and in this digital age an event evaluation must consider comments made on social media

Rogue waves and other solutions of single and coupled Ablowitz–Ladik and nonlinear Schrödinger equations

We provide a simple technique for finding the correspondence between the solutions of Ablowitz–Ladik and nonlinear Schrodinger equations. Even though they belong to different classes, in that one is continuous and one is discrete, there are matching solutions. This fact allows us to discern common features and obtain solutions of the continuous equation from solutions of the discrete equation. We consider several examples. We provide tables, with selected solutions, which allow us to easily match the pairs of solutions. We show that our technique can be extended to the case of coupled Ablowitz–Ladik and nonlinear Schrodinger (i.e. Manakov) equations. We provide some new solutions

Rethinking property in c\a\n\a\d\a

32 pages, 8 imagesIndigenous and settler architects and urbanists reimagine Canadian cities and discuss property division as the hinge between settler colonialism and architecture/urban form. The conversation is informed by the issue 12-13 of the journal Scapegoat: Architecture / Landscape / Political Economy titled c\a\n\a\d\a: delineating nation state capitalism edited by David Fortin and Adrian Blackwell. Rethinking property in c\a\n\a\d\a transcribes a virtual round table conversation co-hosted by the Research Centre in Interdisciplinary Arts and Creative Culture (Centre for Studies in Arts and Culture, Marilyn I. Walker School of Fine and Performing Arts, Brock University) and the Salon für Kunstbuch (Vienna, Austria) on 10 November 2021.This publication draws on research supported and generously funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) and the Office of the Vice-President, Research at Brock University. We further acknowledge the Centre for Studies in Arts and Culture at the Marilyn I. Walker School of Fine and Performing Arts for its support

Functional Coupling of Ryanodine Receptors to KCa Channels in Smooth Muscle Cells from Rat Cerebral Arteries

The relationship between Ca2+ release (“Ca2+ sparks”) through ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ release channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and KCa channels was examined in smooth muscle cells from rat cerebral arteries. Whole cell potassium currents at physiological membrane potentials (−40 mV) and intracellular Ca2+ were measured simultaneously, using the perforated patch clamp technique and a laser two-dimensional (x–y) scanning confocal microscope and the fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, fluo-3. Virtually all (96%) detectable Ca2+ sparks were associated with the activation of a spontaneous transient outward current (STOC) through KCa channels. A small number of sparks (5 of 128) were associated with currents smaller than 6 pA (mean amplitude, 4.7 pA, at −40 mV). Approximately 41% of STOCs occurred without a detectable Ca2+ spark. The amplitudes of the Ca2+ sparks correlated with the amplitudes of the STOCs (regression coefficient 0.8; P < 0.05). The half time of decay of Ca2+ sparks (56 ms) was longer than the associated STOCs (9 ms). The mean amplitude of the STOCs, which were associated with Ca2+ sparks, was 33 pA at −40 mV. The mean amplitude of the “sparkless” STOCs was smaller, 16 pA. The very significant increase in KCa channel open probability (>104-fold) during a Ca2+ spark is consistent with local Ca2+ during a spark being in the order of 1–100 μM. Therefore, the increase in fractional fluorescence (F/Fo) measured during a Ca2+ spark (mean 2.04 F/Fo or ∼310 nM Ca2+) appears to significantly underestimate the local Ca2+ that activates KCa channels. These results indicate that the majority of ryanodine receptors that cause Ca2+ sparks are functionally coupled to KCa channels in the surface membrane, providing direct support for the idea that Ca2+ sparks cause STOCs

Minding the children: a longitudinal study of mental state talk, theory of mind and behavioural adjustment from age 3 to age 10

Mothers’ use of mental state talk (MST) is linked to young children’s performance on false belief tests of theory of mind (ToM) and to their behaviour in social contexts. However, little is known about MST beyond the early years. This investigation is the first to examine continuity in both mother and child MST from preschool (age 3–4 years) to middle childhood (age 10) and examines the role of early maternal MST in children’s later ToM and use of MST. We examine the novel association between MST and children’s behavioural adjustment from pre‐school into late childhood. Participants were mother–child dyads from a 7‐year longitudinal study. Measures of MST, ToM, and language were administered at home when children were 3 and 4 years old and again at the age of 10. Also at 10, behavioural adjustment was measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Mother and child MST were highly stable from preschool to later childhood. Early maternal MST accounted for unique variance in later child MST and behavioural adjustment at 10 years of age; children whose mothers used more MST, specifically references to cognitions, when they were 3 or 4 experienced fewer behavioural difficulties (externalising behaviour) when they were 10 years old