5,690 research outputs found
Complex Obtuse Random Walks and their Continuous-Time Limits
We study a particular class of complex-valued random variables and their
associated random walks: the complex obtuse random variables. They are the
generalization to the complex case of the real-valued obtuse random variables
which were introduced in \cite{A-E} in order to understand the structure of
normal martingales in \RR^n.The extension to the complex case is mainly
motivated by considerations from Quantum Statistical Mechanics, in particular
for the seek of a characterization of those quantum baths acting as classical
noises. The extension of obtuse random variables to the complex case is far
from obvious and hides very interesting algebraical structures. We show that
complex obtuse random variables are characterized by a 3-tensor which admits
certain symmetries which we show to be the exact 3-tensor analogue of the
normal character for 2-tensors (i.e. matrices), that is, a necessary and
sufficient condition for being diagonalizable in some orthonormal basis. We
discuss the passage to the continuous-time limit for these random walks and
show that they converge in distribution to normal martingales in \CC^N. We
show that the 3-tensor associated to these normal martingales encodes their
behavior, in particular the diagonalization directions of the 3-tensor indicate
the directions of the space where the martingale behaves like a diffusion and
those where it behaves like a Poisson process. We finally prove the
convergence, in the continuous-time limit, of the corresponding multiplication
operators on the canonical Fock space, with an explicit expression in terms of
the associated 3-tensor again
Entanglement of Bipartite Quantum Systems driven by Repeated Interactions
We consider a non-interacting bipartite quantum system undergoing repeated quantum interactions with an
environment modeled by a chain of independant quantum systems interacting one
after the other with the bipartite system. The interactions are made so that
the pieces of environment interact first with and then with
. Even though the bipartite systems are not interacting, the
interactions with the environment create an entanglement. We show that, in the
limit of short interaction times, the environment creates an effective
interaction Hamiltonian between the two systems. This interaction Hamiltonian
is explicitly computed and we show that it keeps track of the order of the
successive interactions with and . Particular
physical models are studied, where the evolution of the entanglement can be
explicitly computed. We also show the property of return of equilibrium and
thermalization for a family of examples
Reprise d'entreprise : risque et accompagnement
Cet article s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une recherche ingéniérique dont l'objectif est d'améliorer un dispositif d'accompagnement à la reprise d'entreprise par une personne physique, actuellement en test.Reprise d'entreprise ; risque ; entrepreneuriat ; dirigeant
Predictions of selected flavour observables within the Standard Model
This letter gathers a selection of Standard Model predictions issued from the
metrology of the CKM parameters performed by the CKMfitter group. The selection
includes purely leptonic decays of neutral and charged B, D and K mesons. In
the light of the expected measurements from the LHCb experiment, a special
attention is given to the radiative decay modes of B mesons as well as to the
B-meson mixing observables, in particular the semileptonic charge asymmetries
a^d,s_SL which have been recently investigated by the D0 experiment at
Tevatron. Constraints arising from rare kaon decays are addressed, in light of
both current results and expected performances of future rare kaon experiments.
All results have been obtained with the CKMfitter analysis package, featuring
the frequentist statistical approach and using Rfit to handle theoretical
uncertainties.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables. Typos corrected and discussion of
agreement between SM and data update
Dynamic of a lacustrine sedimentary system during late rifting at the Cretaceous‐Palaeocene transition: Example of the Yacoraite Formation, Salta Basin, Argentina
The architecture of lacustrine systems is the result of the complex interaction between tectonics, climate and environmental parameters, and constitute the main forcing parameters on the lake dynamics. Field analogue studies have been performed to better assess such interactions, and their impact on the facies distribution and the stratigraphic architecture of lacustrine systems. The Yacoraite Formation (Late Cretaceous/Early Palaeocene), deposited during the sag phase of the Salta rift basin in Argentina, is exposed in world-class outcrops that allowed the dynamics of this lacustrine system to be studied through facies analysis and stratigraphic evolution. On the scale of the Alemania-Met\ue1n-El Rey Basin, the Yacoraite Formation is organized with a siliciclastic-dominated margin to the west, and a carbonate-dominated margin to the east. The Yacoraite can be subdivided into four main \u2018mid-term\u2019 sequences and further subdivided into \u2018short-term\u2019 sequences recording high frequency climate fluctuations. Furthermore, the depositional profiles and identified system tracts have been grouped into two end-members at basin scale: (a) a balanced \u2018perennial\u2019 depositional system for the lower part of the Yacoraite Formation and (b) a highly alternating \u2018ephemeral\u2019 depositional system for the upper part of the Yacoraite Formation. The transition from a perennial system to an ephemeral system indicates a change in the sedimentary dynamics of the basin, which was probably linked with the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary that induced a temporary shutdown of carbonate production and an increase in siliciclastic supply
Response to Interferon-Beta Treatment in Afro-Caribbeans with Multiple Sclerosis
Background. Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients of African ancestry have a more aggressive disease course than white patients and could be resistant to interferon-beta (INFB). Methods. We studied the impact of INFB in treatment-naive Afro-Caribbean (AC) with clinically definite MS using our European Database for Multiple Sclerosis (EDMUS) (2003â2010). Main outcome measures were annual relapse rate after 2 years of treatment, proportion of exacerbation-free subjects 48 weeks after initiating INFB, and time to first relapse. Results. 76 AC-MS (59F/17M) were identified. Annual relapse rate of 1.29 decreased to 0.83 (â35.6%) after 2 years of treatment. The proportion of relapse-free patients at 48 weeks was 46.2%. Median time to first relapse was 52 weeks. Conclusion. INFB is not strong enough to control AC-MS patients in many cases which is problematic in a population of worse MS prognosis
Implications of CP violating 2HDM in B physics
The charged fermion mass matrices are invariant under symmetry
linked to the fermion number transformation. Under the condition that the
definition of this symmetry in arbitrary weak basis does not depend upon Higgs
parameters such as ratio of vacuum expectation values, a class of two Higgs
doublet models (2HDM) can be identified in which tree level flavor changing
neutral currents normally present in 2HDM are absent. However unlike the type I
or type II Higgs doublet models, the charged Higgs couplings in these models
contain additional flavor dependent CP violating phases. These phases can
account for the recent hints of the beyond standard model CP violation in the
and mixing. In particular, there is a range of parameters in which
new phases do not contribute to the meson CP violation but give identical
new physics phases in the and meson mixing.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, Talk given by Bhavik P. Kodrani at 16th
International Symposium on Particles, Strings and Cosmology, July 19th -
23rd, 2010, Valencia, Spai
Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 interacts with regulator of chromosome condensation 1 dynamically throughout the cell cycle
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) is a sequence-specific DNA binding protein which plays an essential role in viral episome replication and segregation, by recruiting the cellular complex of DNA replication onto the origin (oriP) and by tethering the viral DNA onto the mitotic chromosomes. Whereas the mechanisms of viral DNA replication are well documented, those involved in tethering EBNA1 to the cellular chromatin are far from being understood. Here, we have identified Regulator of Chromosome Condensation 1 (RCC1) as a novel cellular partner for EBNA1. RCC1 is the major nuclear guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RanGEF) for the small GTPase Ran enzyme. RCC1, associated with chromatin, is involved in the formation of RanGTP gradients critical for nucleo-cytoplasmic transport, mitotic spindle formation, and nuclear envelope reassembly following mitosis. Using several approaches, we have demonstrated a direct interaction between these two proteins and found that the EBNA1 domains responsible for EBNA1 tethering to the mitotic chromosomes are also involved in the interaction with RCC1. The use of an EBNA1 peptide array confirmed the interaction of RCC1 with these regions and also the importance of the N-terminal region of RCC1 in this interaction. Finally, using confocal microscopy and FRET analysis to follow the dynamics of interaction between the two proteins throughout the cell cycle, we have demonstrated that EBNA1 and RCC1 closely associate on the chromosomes during metaphase, suggesting an essential role for the interaction during this phase, perhaps in tethering EBNA1 to mitotic chromosomes
Velocity Amplitudes in Global Convection Simulations: The Role of the Prandtl Number and Near-Surface Driving
Several lines of evidence suggest that the velocity amplitude in global
simulations of solar convection, U, may be systematically over-estimated.
Motivated by these recent results, we explore the factors that determine U and
we consider how these might scale to solar parameter regimes. To this end, we
decrease the thermal diffusivity along two paths in parameter space.
If the kinematic viscosity is decreased proportionally with
(fixing the Prandtl number ), we find that U increases but
asymptotes toward a constant value, as found by Featherstone & Hindman (2016).
However, if is held fixed while decreasing (increasing ),
we find that U systematically decreases. We attribute this to an enhancement of
the thermal content of downflow plumes, which allows them to carry the solar
luminosity with slower flow speeds. We contrast this with the case of
Rayleigh-Benard convection which is not subject to this luminosity constraint.
This dramatic difference in behavior for the two paths in parameter space
(fixed or fixed ) persists whether the heat transport by unresolved,
near-surface convection is modeled as a thermal conduction or as a fixed flux.
The results suggest that if solar convection can operate in a high-
regime, then this might effectively limit the velocity amplitude. Small-scale
magnetism is a possible source of enhanced viscosity that may serve to achieve
this high- regime.Comment: 34 Pages, 8 Figures, submitted to a special issue of "Advances in
Space Research" on "Solar Dynamo Frontiers
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