414 research outputs found
Toward 'socially constructive' social constructions of leadership
In their introductory editorial essay for this special issue, David Grant and Gail Fairhurst have done us a great service by valiantly producing a "Sailing Guide" to the Social Construction of Leadership (Fairhurst & Grant, 2010). As with rounding the Capes, this is not a task for the faint of heart. A sailing guide is designed to provide vital knowledge about a particular sea or coast, providing us with charts, warnings about potential hazards and an indication where we might find safe havens in a storm. Their sailing guide does this to great effect as it skilfully "boxes the compass" by revealing all of the potential directions that one might set oneâs sail by if one was sufficiently foolhardy to embark on a cruise of the social construction of leadership
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Evaluation of the Conflict Prevention Pools: UK Government response.
yesThe UK Government welcomes the findings and recommendations
of the Evaluation of the Conflict Prevention Pools recently completed by Bradford University at the Government's request. A thorough evaluation of the Pools' unique approach was essential in order to ensure that, two years after their inception, the Pools not only functioned effectively, but actively added value to DepartmentsÂż individual contributions. In this context, the finding that the progress achieved through the Pools justifies their continuation is particularly important. This document responds to the Evaluation's other key findings and recommendations
National Security Risks? Uncertainty, Austerity and Other Logics of Risk in the UK governmentâs National Security Strategy
Risk scholars within Security studies have argued that the concept of security has gone through a fundamental transformation away from a threat-based conceptualisation of defence, urgency and exceptionality to one of preparedness, precautions and prevention of future risks, some of which are calculable, others of which are not. This article explores whether and how the concept of security is changing due to this ârise of riskâ, through a hermeneutically grounded conceptual and discourse analysis of the United Kingdom governmentâs national security strategy (NSS) from 1998 to 2011. We ask how risk-security language is employed in the NSS; what factors motivate such discursive shifts; and what, if any, consequences of these shifts can be discerned in UK national security practices. Our aim is twofold: to better understand shifts in the security understandings and policies of UK authorities; and to contribute to the conceptual debate on the significance of the rise of risk as a component of the concept of security
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The underlying causes of military outsourcing in the USA and UK: bridging the persistent gap between ends, ways and means since the beginning of the Cold War
This article reappraises the two most-studied country cases of military outsourcing: the USA and the UK. It argues that the contemporary wave of military contracting stretches back to the beginning of the cold war and not only to the demobilisation of armies in the 1990s or the neoliberal reforms introduced since the 1980s. It traces the political, technological and ideational developments that laid the groundwork for these reforms and practices since the early cold war and account for its endurance today. Importantly, it argues that a persistent gap between strategic objectives and resources, i.e. the challenge to reconcile ends and means, is an underlying driver of military contracting in both countries. Contemporary contracting is thus most closely tied to military support functions in support of wider foreign and defence political objectives. Security services in either state may not have been outsourced so swiftly, if at all, without decades of experience in outsourcing military logistics functions and the resultant vehicles, processes and familiarities with public-private partnerships. The article thus provides a wider and deeper understanding of the drivers of contractualisation, thereby improving our understanding of both its historical trajectory and the determinants of its present and potential futures
Angle of Incidence Effects on Far-Field Positive and Negative Phase Blast Parameters
The blast overpressure acting on a rigid target is known to vary between the normally reflected overpressure and the incident overpressure as a function of the angle between the target and the direction of travel of the blast wave. Literature guidance for determining the exact effects of angle of incidence are unclear, particularly when considering the negative phase. This paper presents the results from a series of well controlled experiments where pressure transducers are used to record the pressure-time history acting on the face of a large, rigid target at various angles of incidence for varying sizes of hemispherical PE4 charge and stand-off distances. The test data demonstrated remarkable repeatability, and excellent agreement with semi-empirical predictions for normally reflected overpressures. The oblique results show that peak overpressure, impulse and duration are highly dependent on angle of incidence for the positive phase, and are invariant of angle of incidence for the negative phase
The Technological culture of war
The article proceeds from the argument that war is a social institution and not a historical inevitability of human interaction,
that is, war can be âunlearned.â This process involves deconstructing/dismantling war as an institution in
society. An important step in this process is to understand the philosophical and cultural bases on which technology
is employed as âtoolsâ of war. The article focuses on such questions as, Is technology just viewed as instruments in
the hand of its human masters in war? Does technology take on an autonomous role in war? How should we assess
the impact of context (political, economic, and cultural) of technology when employed in war? By exploring these
points, the article hopes to provide input into the discussion on the control of war technologies and ultimately the dismantling
of war as an institution in society
The validity of military screening for mental health problems: diagnostic accuracy of the PCL, K10 and AUDIT scales in an entire military population
Abstract not availableAmelia K. Searle, Miranda Van Hooff, Alexander C. Mcfarlane, Christopher E. Davies, A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt, Stephanie E. Hodson, Helen Benassi, Nicole Steel
The role of space in the security and defence policy of Turkey. A change in outlook: Security in space versus security from space
Space and security domains are strongly related with each other. Nowadays, space is an indispensable part of security and defence policy, and it is increasingly becoming a critical infrastructure for strategic Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) systems. However, space is vulnerable itself to the new space threats. This study reviews the current and near future space role in Turkey's security and defence policy and aims to address the threats against space based capabilities. To provide security from space, space based systems shall themselves need to be secure in space to warrant the security. The concept of security from space starts with space security, in other words the security in space. This paper also highlights the emerging technological opportunities for these space threats to be secure in space in order to provide the security from space. According to the relevant taxonomy, a categorized opportunity proposal for more robust and resilient space/satellite projects' architecture is proposed for Turkey
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