Evaluation of the physical properties of banana pseudostem for textile application

Residues from banana cultivation generates residues lack proper management. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physical properties of banana pseudostem for textile application. Specifically, et species: Musa paradisiaca, Musa sapientum and Musa acuminata. A completely randomized design was applied with three treatments, corresponding with the species under study, carrying out five repetitions for each treatment. The fiber extraction was artisan and followed the next steps: cutting, cleaning and transport (pseudostem), extraction, combing, drying and storage (fibre). The results of the statistical analysis showed that Musa sapientum fiber has the most length (123.34 cm), greater elongation (7.93%), and the highest: resistance (30.52 MPa), linear density (0.070 dtex), when compared with the results of the species M. paradisiaca, and M. acuminata. All the species under analysis had a circular cross section. M. acuminata presented the greatest uniformity in the arrangement of filaments. In addition, the three evaluated species are similar to abaca, ramie and sisal in length and thickness. Finally, it was found that the cost of production of the artisanal extraction of banana fiber requires an approximate investment of $3.60. In conclusion, the fiber obtained from the three of the species studied has appropriate physical properties for textile application

EVALUACIÓN DE UN HUMEDAL ARTIFICIAL AIREADO EN EFLUENTE DE UNA PLANTA DE TRATAMIENTO DE AGUAS RESIDUALES DE LA INDUSTRIA ATUNERA, MANTA, MANABÍ, ECUADOR

Los humedales artificiales se han implementado como medida alternativa a los procesos convencionales de tratamiento de aguas residuales, principalmente por sus bajos costos de construcción y mantenimiento; sin embargo, hay pocas investigaciones en efluentes líquidos de la industria atunera y no existen investigaciones evaluando el tratamiento de estas aguas con microorganismos aislados. Se evaluó el comportamiento de un humedal artificial aireado utilizando Chrysopogon zizanioides, Saccharomyces cerevisiae y Trichoderma harzianum, en efluente de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la industria atunera. La investigación estuvo sujeta a un diseño completamente al azar (DCA), donde se aplicó un control (P0) y 4 tratamientos (P1, P1M1, P1M2, P1M1M2) con tres réplicas cada uno, proporcionando un total de 15 unidades experimentales. Los tratamientos, P1 (Chrysopogon zizanioides), P1M1 (C. zizanioides + 1.5 ml/l de S. cerevisiae con 4.3x108 ufc/ml), P1M2 (C. zizanioides + 1.5 ml/l de T. harzianum con 1.95x108 esporas/ml) y P1M1M2 (C. zizanioides + 1.5 ml/l mezcla de S. cerevisiae con 4.3x108 ufc/ml y T. harzianum con 1.95x108 esporas/ml). En los tratamientos (P1, P1M1, P1M2, P1M1M2) se obtuvo una remoción de DBO promedio de 99.68%, el PT incrementó desde 3 mg/l hasta 4.95 mg/l. El pH disminuyó en todos los tratamientos excepto P1M2 respecto su valor inicial 6.3. La remoción más baja de NTK fue P1 con 64.56% y la más alta de 73.81% para P1M1M2. El efecto más apreciable fue la remoción de NTK, posiblemente la acción estimulante de C. zizanioides en la producción de ureasas y proteasas, la producción de aminoácidos de S. cereviciae y la actividad enzimática de T. harzianum, lograron que tratamientos donde estas variables se involucraron, removieran un mayor porcentaje.PALABRAS CLAVE: Chrysopogon zizanioides; humedal artificial aireado; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Trichoderma harzianum.EVALUATION OF AN AERATED ARTIFICIAL WETLAND IN EFFLUENT OF A WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT OF THE TUNA INDUSTRY, MANTA, MANABÍ, ECUADORABSTRACTConstructed Wetlands have been implemented as an alternative option to conventional wastewater treatment processes, mainly due to their low construction and maintenance costs; however, there is little research on liquid effluents from the tuna industry and there is no research evaluating the treatment with isolated microorganisms. To evaluate the behavior of aerated constructed wetland using Chrysopogon zizanioides, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Trichoderma harzianum, in effluent from a wastewater treatment plant of the tuna industry. It was subject to a Completely Random Design (CRD), where a control (P0) and 4 treatments were applied (P1, P1M1, P1M2, P1M1M2) with three replicates each, providing a total of 15 experimental units. The treatments specifically were P1 (C. zizanioides), P1M1 (C. zizanioides + 1.5 ml/l of S. cerevisiae with 4.3x108 cfu/ml), P1M2 (C. zizanioides + 1.5 ml/l of T. harzianum with 1.95x108 spores/ml) and P1M1M2 (C. zizanioides + 1.5 ml/l mixture of S. cerevisiae with 4.3x108 cfu/ml and T. harzianum with 1.95x108 spores/ml). Results. After the treatments, an average BOD removal of 99.68% was obtained, TP increased from 3.34 to 4.95 mg/l. The pH decreased in all the treatments except P1M2 with respect to its initial value 6.3. The lowest TKN removal was P1 with 64.56% and the highest of 73.81% for P1M1M2. The most noticeable effect was the removal of TKN, possibly the stimulating action of C. zizanioides in the production of ureases and proteases, the production of amino acids of S. cereviciae and the enzymatic activity of T. harzianum, which allowed treatments where these variables they got involved, removed a higher percentage.KEYWORDS: aerated constructed wetland; Chrysopogon zizanioides; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Trichoderma harzianum.

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Evaluación de la distribución del espacio en la planta incubadora ESPAM-MFl mediante el algoritmo corelap

A The distribution of space causes a high impact on the performance of any industry or process chain. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the plant distribution of the incubator at Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López using the CORELAP algorithm. The methodology used is based on the SPL method (Systematic Layout Planning). Products were identified to determine the order of material movements through various stages of the process. A plan was prepared based on the current layout of the incubator using AutoCAD 2018 software. As a result, nine processes carried out in the incubator were detailed. It was determined that the distribution in the hatchery is of processes and by means of a relational diagram it was found ouy that several of the relationships between the operations are not important to each other. The application of the CORELAP algorithm showed that the current incubator distribution is adequate. The approach presented in this study can be used to improve hatchery production levels.La distribución del espacio causa un alto impacto en el rendimiento de cualquier industria o cadena de procesos. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la distribución en planta de la incubadora de la Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López mediante el algoritmo CORELAP. La metodología empleada, se basa en el método SPL (Systematic Layout Planning). Se identificaron los productos para determinar el orden que llevan los movimientos de los materiales a lo largo de diversas etapas del proceso. Se elaboró un plano con base en la actual distribución de la planta Incubadora mediante el software AutoCAD 2018. Como resultado, se detallan los nueve procesos que se realizan en la incubadora. Se determinó que la distribución en la planta incubadora es de procesos y mediante un diagrama relacional se constató que varias de las relaciones entre las operaciones no tienen importancia entre sí.   La aplicación del algoritmo CORELAP demostró que, la actual distribución de la incubadora es adecuada. El enfoque presentado en este estudio es susceptible de usarse en la mejora de los niveles de producción de plantas incubadoras

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study (Intensive Care Medicine, (2021), 47, 2, (160-169), 10.1007/s00134-020-06234-9)

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The members of the ESICM Trials Group Collaborators were not shown in the article but only in the ESM. The full list of collaborators is shown below. The original article has been corrected