216 research outputs found

    Study of the optimal harvesting control and the optimality system for an elliptic problem

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    An optimal harvesting problem with concave non-quadratic cost functional and a diffusive degenerate elliptic logistic state equation type is investigated. Under certain assumptions, we prove the existence and uniqueness of an optimal control. A characterization of the optimal control via the optimality system is also derived, which leads to approximate the optimal control.Ministerio de Ciencia y TecnologíaJunta de AndalucíaDirección General de Enseñanza Superior e Investigación Científic

    Optimal control for the degenerate elliptic logistic equation

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    We consider the optimal control of the harvesting of the diffusive degenerate elliptic logistic equation. Under certain assumptions, we prove the existence and uniqueness of an optimal control. Moreover, the optimality system and a characterization of the optimal control are also derived. Sub-supersolution method, singular eigenvalue problem and differentiability with respect to the positive cone are the techniques used to get our results.Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y TecnologíaJunta de AndalucíaDirección General de Enseñanza Superior e Investigación Científic

    LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA FILOSOFÍA DEL DERECHO COMO JUSTIFICACIÓN DEL ORDENAMIENTO JURÍDICO

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    This paper addressed the philosophical foundations on which legal science is based, these philosophical foundations constitute the justification for the very existence of legal science itself. At first, a conceptual delimitation was made about the concept of philosophy and Law. Within this conceptual study, special emphasis was placed on the special characteristics emanating from the concept of law and its high impact on the life of societies. In the same way, the importance of the concept of justice was analyzed, due to its legal and philosophical implications. The main research method used was the historical hermeneutic type. Among the conditions to which the article arrives, it is observed that it is the philosophy of Law, which presents the justification for the existence, study and application of legal science in societies. This leads to the conclusion that for the student of law and for legal science in general, the study of the philosophy of law is essential.El presente artículo abordó los fundamentos filosóficos sobre los que se asienta el Derecho, estos fundamentos filosóficos constituyen la justificación a la propia existencia en si de la ciencia jurídica.  En un primer momento se realizó una delimitación conceptual acerca del concepto de filosofía y de Derecho. Dentro de ese estudio conceptual, se puso énfasis en las características especiales emanadas del concepto de Derecho y del alto impacto de la misma en la vida de las sociedades.  De igual forma se analizó la importancia del concepto de justicia, por sus implicaciones tanto jurídicas como filosóficas. El principal método de investigación utilizado fue el histórico de tipo hermenéutico.  Entre las condiciones a las que llega el artículo se observa que es la filosofía del Derecho, la que presenta la justificación a la existencia, estudio y aplicación de la ciencia jurídica en las sociedades. Esto lleva a la conclusión de que para el estudioso del Derecho y para la ciencia jurídica en general, resulta fundamental el estudio de la filosofía del Derecho

    Systemic Minoxidil Accidental Exposure in a Paediatric Population: A Case Series Study of Cutaneous and Systemic Side Effects

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    This article will be part of the doctoral thesis of the author Manuel Sánchez-Díaz.Oral minoxidil is an approved treatment for high blood pressure which is also used as an off-label drug for alopecia. Knowledge about the effects of systemic minoxidil in the paediatric population is limited. A retrospective case series study of paediatric patients with history of systemic minoxidil intake due to contaminated sets of omeprazole was performed to describe side effects of high dose oral minoxidil intake in children. Twenty patients aged between 2 months and 13 years joined the study. They had received high doses of oral minoxidil (mean dose 0.90 mg/kg/day) during a mean time of 38.3 days. Hypertrichosis appeared in 65%, with a mean latency time of 24.31 days. Treatment time was associated with the appearance of hypertrichosis (p < 0.05). Most common initial zone of hypertrichosis was the face. Systemic effects developed in 15%, with no cases of severe disorders. The present study shows a novel insight into the side effects of high doses of oral minoxidil in children

    O Eixo Atlántico: un territorio educador, unha comunidade educativa

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    Eixo Atlântico do Noroeste PeninsularEixo Atlântico do Noroeste Peninsularinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Assessment of the Evolution of a Landslide Using Digital Photogrammetry and LiDAR Techniques in the Alpujarras Region (Granada, Southeastern Spain)

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    In this work a detailed analysis of the temporal evolution of the Almegíjar landslide is presented. It is a rock slide located in the Alpujarras region (Granada, Spain) that has developed over the last 30 years. Six datasets and photogrammetric flights corresponding to the years 1956, 1984, 1992, 2001, 2008, and 2010 were surveyed. The more recent flight of 2010 combined an aerial digital camera and a LiDAR sensor and was oriented by means of in-flight data and tie points. This 2010 flight allowed for the generation of a reliable and high-precision Digital Terrain Model (DTM). The other flights were oriented using second-order ground control points transferred from the 2010 flight, and the corresponding DTMs were prepared by automatic matching and subsequent editing from the stereoscopic models. After comparing the DTMs of different dates, it has been observed that the landslide was triggered after 1984 and since then has evolved in an irregular pattern with periods of variable activity. On average, the ground surface dropped more than 8 m in depleted zones and rose nearly 4 m in the accumulation zones, with a velocity catalogued as very slow (about 15–30 cm/year) over a time span corresponding to a degree VIII of diachroneity. The total volume of the mobilized mass of this large contemporary slide was about 300 × 103 m3.This research was funded by the projects P06-RNM-02125 and RNM-06862 (ISTEGEO) funded by the Andalusian Research Plan, projects CGL2008-04854 and TIN2009-09939 funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain and Research Groups TEP-213, and RNM 221 of the Andalusian Research Plan

    Mural Endocarditis: The GAMES Registry Series and Review of the Literature

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    Introduction Mural infective endocarditis (MIE) is a rare type of endovascular infection. We present a comprehensive series of patients with mural endocarditis. Method sPatients with infectious endocarditis (IE) from 35 Spanish hospitals were prospectively included in the GAMES registry between 2008 and 2017. MIEs were compared to non-MIEs. We also performed a literature search for cases of MIE published between 1979 and 2019 and compared them to the GAMEs series. Results Twenty-seven MIEs out of 3676 IEs were included. When compared to valvular IE (VIE) or device-associated IE (DIE), patients with MIE were younger (median age 59 years, p < 0.01). Transplantation (18.5% versus 1.6% VIE and 2% DIE, p < 0.01), hemodialysis (18.5% versus 4.3% VIE and 4.4% DIE, p = 0.006), catheter source (59.3% versus 9.7% VIE and 8.8% DIE, p < 0.01) and Candida etiology (22.2% versus 2% DIE and 1.2% VIE, p < 0.01) were more common in MIE, whereas the Charlson Index was lower (4 versus 5 in non-MIE, p = 0.006). Mortality was similar.MIE from the literature shared many characteristics with MIE from GAMES, although patients were younger (45 years vs. 56 years, p < 0.001), the Charlson Index was lower (1.3 vs. 4.3, p = 0.0001), catheter source was less common (13.9% vs. 59.3%) and there were more IVDUs (25% vs. 3.7%). S. aureus was the most frequent microorganism (50%, p = 0.035). Systemic complications were more common but mortality was similar. Conclusion MIE is a rare entity. It is often a complication of catheter use, particularly in immunocompromised and hemodialysis patients. Fungal etiology is common. Mortality is similar to other IEs

    West Nile virus emergence in humans in Extremadura, Spain 2020

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    In Spain, the largest human West Nile virus (WNV) outbreak among humans was reported in 2020, constituting the second most important outbreak in Europe that season. Extremadura (southwestern Spain) was one of the affected areas, reporting six human cases. The first autochthonous human case in Spain was reported in Extremadura in 2004, and no other human cases were reported until 2020. In this work, we describe the first WNV human outbreak registered in Extremadura, focusing on the most important clinical aspects, diagnostic results, and control actions which followed. In 2020, from September to October, human WNV infections were diagnosed using a combination of molecular and serological methods (an in-house specific qRT-PCR and a commercial ELISA for anti-WNV IgM and IgG antibodies) and by analysing serum, urine, and/or cerebrospinal fluid samples. Serological positive serum samples were further tested using commercial kits against related flaviviruses Usutu and Tick-borne encephalitis in order to analyse serological reactivity and to confirm the results by neutralisation assays. In total, six cases of WNV infection (five with neuroinvasive disease and one with fever) were identified. Clinical presentation and laboratory findings are described. No viral RNA was detected in any of the analysed samples, but serological cross-reactivity was detected against the other tested flaviviruses. Molecular and serological methods for WNV detection in various samples as well as differential diagnosis are recommended. The largest number of human cases of WNV infection ever registered in Extremadura, Spain, occurred in 2020 in areas where circulation of WNV and other flaviviruses has been previously reported in humans and animals. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance surveillance not only for the early detection and implementation of response measures for WNV but also for other emerging flaviviruses that could be endemic in this area.This research was partially funded by the project PI19CIII/00014 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III.S

    Analysis of two SMC HII Regions Considering Thermal Inhomogeneities: Implications for the Determinations of Extragalactic Chemical Abundances

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    We present long slit spectrophotometry considering the presence of thermal inhomogeneities (t^2) of two HII regions in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC): NGC 456 and NGC 460. Physical conditions and chemical abundances were determined for three positions in NGC 456 and one position in NGC 460, first under the assumption of uniform temperature and then allowing for the possibility of thermal inhomogeneities. We determined t^2 values based on three different methods: i) by comparing the temperature derived using oxygen forbidden lines with the temperature derived using helium recombination lines, ii) by comparing the abundances derived from oxygen forbidden lines with those derived from oxygen recombination lines, and iii) by comparing the abundances derived from ultraviolet carbon forbidden lines with those derived from optical carbon recombination lines. The first two methods averaged t^2=0.067+-0.013 for NGC 456 and t^2=0.036+-0.027 for NGC 460. These values of t^2 imply that when gaseous abundances are determined with collisionally excited lines they are underestimated by a factor of nearly 2. From these objects and others in the literature, we find that in order to account for thermal inhomogeneities and dust depletion, the O/H ratio in low metallicity HII regions should be corrected by 0.25-0.45 dex depending on the thermal structure of the nebula, or by 0.35 dex if such information is not available.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. 41 pages in pre-print format. 3 figure

    In vivo murine model of acquired resistance in myeloma reveals differential mechanisms for lenalidomide and pomalidomide in combination with dexamethasone

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    The development of resistance to therapy is unavoidable in the history of multiple myeloma patients. Therefore, the study of its characteristics and mechanisms is critical in the search for novel therapeutic approaches to overcome it. This effort is hampered by the absence of appropriate preclinical models, especially those mimicking acquired resistance. Here we present an in vivo model of acquired resistance based on the continuous treatment of mice bearing subcutaneous MM1S plasmacytomas. Xenografts acquired resistance to two generations of immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs; lenalidomide and pomalidomide) in combination with dexamethasone, that was reversible after a wash-out period. Furthermore, lenalidomide-dexamethasone (LD) or pomalidomide-dexamethasone (PD) did not display cross-resistance, which could be due to the differential requirements of the key target Cereblon and its substrates Aiolos and Ikaros observed in cells resistant to each combination. Differential gene expression profiles of LD and PD could also explain the absence of cross-resistance. Onset of resistance to both combinations was accompanied by upregulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinaseextracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)ERK pathway and addition of selumetinib, a small-molecule MEK inhibitor, could resensitize resistant cells. Our results provide insights into the mechanisms of acquired resistance to LD and PD combinations and offer possible therapeutic approaches to addressing IMiD resistance in the clinic.Peer Reviewe
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