Effects of intake of heated mixtures of glucose-lysine and glucose-methionine on bone calcium

During food thermal treatment Maillard's reaction may occur, which implicates mainly the carbonyl groups of reductory sugars and amino protein groups. Maillard's reaction products (MRP) may interfere with mineral bioavailability because of modifications of their physical-chemical moiety in the food or the lumen, disrupting the absorption process or its normal metabolism. In this study, we sought to investigate MRP influence on issues related to Ca bioavailability in vitro and in vivo. Equimolar mixtures of glucose-lysine (GL) and glucose-methionine (GM) (40% moisture) were heated at 150º C for 90 minutes (samples GL90 and GM90, respectively). In vitro solubility was measured by additioning each samples to a 3.75 mM Ca solution at intestinal pH and ionic strength; after shaking and centrifugation, soluble and insoluble calcium was determined. Three percent of GL90 and GM90 were individually added to the AIN93-G diet to obtain D-GL90 and D-GM90 diets. Three Wistar rats groups were fed for 21 days with both diets and with AIN93-G as control, carrying out calcium balance during last week and extirpating various organs after sacrifice. GM90 did not affect calcium solubility; GL90 reduced it slightly, remaining in both cases more than 94% soluble. D-GL90 and D-GM90 did not modify calcium bioavailability, with as effective usage as with the control diet (57.6 ± 1.3%, 57.8 ± 2.3% and 63.9 ± 2.6% in control diet, D-GL90 and D-GM90, respectively). MRP intake produced, however, metabolic changes that decreased bone calcium, accumulating compensatorily in other organs.Peer reviewe

Rapid Profiling of Marine Notches Using a Handheld Laser Distance Meter

A rapid, single-user profiling method for rocky shores is described. The Leica Disto D8 handheld laser distance meter measures distance up to 100 m and inclination in 360 degrees. It automatically calculates horizontal distance and vertical elevation. Memory storage accommodates data for 30 measurement points, allowing easy plotting of shore profiles. This technique allows even inaccessible, dangerous, and overhanging cliff faces to be evaluated faithfully and within minutes. It is a major improvement over standard methods that often involve risky coasteering and climbing. Examples are given from marine notches in Thailand

Cochonilhas-algodão associadas ao cafeeiro em estufas

Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaThe main objective of Centro de Investigação das Ferrugens do Cafeeiro, Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical (CIFC/IICT) is to contribute for the development of coffee varieties resistant to coffee leaf rust, Hemileia vastatrix. Mealybugs are a major phytossanitary problem of coffee varieties maintained by CIFC/IICT, due to their interference with the production of young coffee leafs necessary for the inoculation of fungi. The aims of the present work were: a) to identify the mealybug species associated with commercial varieties of coffee, such as Catimor and Sarchimor, in the greenhouses of CIFC/IICT; b) to study the dynamics of infestation of Planococcus citri in the varieties Catimor and Sarchimor, under greenhouse conditions; c) to compare the colonization rate and development of P. citri in two coffee genotypes, one resistant to coffee leaf rust (Catimor CIFC 45) and one susceptible (Caturra vermelho CIFC 19/1). Two species of mealybugs were identified, Phenacoccus madeirensis and P. citri. The variety Catimor was the most susceptible to P. citri. No significant differences were observed in the development time of P, citri among the studied varieties. Nevertheless, the rate of colonization by mealybugs was higher in Caturra CIFC 19/

Deporte y transformación social : sistematización de la experiencia del Club de Baloncesto Courgas.

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad mostrar a través de las experiencias vividas de los jóvenes practicantes del baloncesto pertenecientes al Club Courgas de la ciudad de Cali, los elementos que el deporte aporta como formador en el proceso de socialización al ser agente de cambio. La sistematización consistió en comprender y analizar el contexto en el surge el club, teniendo en cuenta los actores sociales y actividades que se desarrollan en el parque Cien Palos, identificando las fortalezas y oportunidades de mejora para contribuir a la formación que se transmite a través de la práctica deportiva. Desde el marco legal del deporte nacional con respecto al fomento del deporte y la recreación, los hábitos de vida saludable, formación integral y los conceptos teóricos de las ciencias del deporte, se consolidan como elementos de análisis básicos: Deporte como objeto de estudio, deporte como medio de transformación social, el deporte como herramienta en la formación de valores éticos. El análisis de las observaciones y las respuestas de las entrevistas del entrenador, padres de familia y deportistas a diferentes cuestiones planteadas, evidenciará cómo la formación deportiva, es fundamental para la formación de ciudadanos íntegros.PregradoLICENCIADO(A) EN EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA Y DEPORTE

"Artificial Intelligence Model Based on Grey Clustering to Access Quality of Industrial Hygiene: A Case Study in Peru"

"Industrial hygiene is a preventive technique that tries to avoid professional illnesses and damage to health caused by several possible toxic agents. The purpose of this study is to simultaneously analyze different risk factors (body vibration, lighting, heat stress and noise), to obtain an overall risk assessment of these factors and to classify them on a scale of levels of Unacceptable, Not recommended or Acceptable. In this work, an artificial intelligence model based on the grey clustering method was applied to evaluate the quality of industrial hygiene. The grey clustering method was selected, as it enables the integration of objective factors related to hazards present in the workplace with subjective employee evaluations. A case study, in the three warehouses of a beer industry in Peru, was developed. The results obtained showed that the warehouses have an acceptable level of quality. These results could help industries to make decisions about conducting evaluations of the different occupational agents and determine whether the quality of hygiene represents a risk, as well as give certain recommendations with respect to the factors presented.

Iodine quantification in food consumed in Portugal: preliminary results

O iodo é um oligoelemento indispensável para a síntese das hormonas da tiroide. A alimentação é a maior fonte natural de iodo. Assim, o principal objetivo deste trabalho foi a determinação de iodo em alimentos como consumidos e representativos da dieta portuguesa. A metodologia escolhida para a quantificação deste nutriente foi a espectrometria de massa acoplada ao plasma indutivo (ICP-MS). Analisaram-se seis grupos de alimentos: peixes, mariscos e bivalves, leite e derivados, vegetais, fruta e refeições compostas. Os grupos do pescado (peixe, marisco e bivalves) foram os que apresentaram concentrações de iodo mais elevados, com um valor médio de 114 μg/100g. Os laticínios são também uma fonte importante para suprir o aporte diário de iodo (150 μg/dia) apresentado valores médios de 22 μg/100g. Os resultados permitem concluir que em Portugal uma alimentação rica em pescado e lacticínios supre a dose diária recomendada de iodo para um adulto saudável.Iodine is an essential trace element for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Food is the largest natural source of iodine. Therefore, the main objective of this work was the determination of iodine in foods as consumed and representative of the Por tuguese diet. The methodology selected for the quantification of this nutrient was inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Six groups of food were analyzed: fish, seafood and shellfish, dairy products, vegetables, fruit and meals. Seafood groups (fish, shellfish and bivalves) showed the highest concentrations of iodine, with an average of 114 μg/100g. Dairy products are also a major source to supply the daily intake of iodine (150 μg/day) presented average values of 22 μg/100g. The results show that in Portugal a diet rich in fish and dairy products supplies the recommended daily intake of iodine for a healthy adult

Imagens digitais aplicadas para determinação de áreas agrícolas através do classificador Bayes.

Através da classificação das imagens digitais é possível construir painéis amostrais por área, particularmente na estratificação de grandes áreas, e, dependendo da resolução espacial, até mesmo na identificação e delineamento dos seus limites físicos. Este trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver um algoritmo para um classificador de áreas agrícolas para região que compreende parte da região Leste de Goiás. Através dos resultados obtidos no presente trabalho concluiu-se que a técnica utilizada demonstrou ser eficaz na determinação de áreas agrícolas (pivôs centrais). Também foi possível classificar e estimar as áreas agrícolas sobre a refletância dos alvos na cena de estudo

Rosmarinus officinalis reduces the ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus westerdijkiae in a dry-cured fermented sausage-based medium

Aspergillus westerdijkiae is an ochratoxin A (OTA) producer mould in dry-cured meat products. To prevent the presence of ochratoxigenic moulds in dry-cured fermented sausages, natural strategies based on the use of herbs and their derivatives are in the spotlight. The aim of this study was to test the potential antiochratoxigenic effects of rosemary leaves (R) and rosemary essential oil (REO) as biocontrol agents (BCAs) in a dry-cured fermented sausage-based medium. The mechanisms involved in their effects were also analysed by Proteomics. A control without BCAs and three treatments (R, REO and the combination of R + REO) were carried out. No significant differences were detected when BCAs were individually applied, whilst a significant reduction up to 73.87% in OTA was provoked by R + REO. This combination showed a synergistic effect, in which proteins from PKS ER domain and cell wall integrity pathway seem to be involved. REO alone exerted similar effect on the mould proteome than R + REO, but in a lesser extent. The impact of R in this synergy has not been completely elucidated. The combination of R + REO together with other strategies could minimise the hazard posed by A. westerdijkiae in dry-cured fermented sausages.This research was funded by Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) through financial support by national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). Junta de Extremadura-Consejería de Economía, Ciencia y Agenda Digital-, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-“Una manera de hacer Europa” (grant number GR18056), and grant PID2019-104260GB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033. M. ́Alvarez is recipient of the grant BES-2017-081340 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ESF Investing in your future”. Q-Exactive mass spectrometer to proteomic research was acquired by the grant UNEX-AE-3394 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio