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turbid dreams gel and soak in rancid mental oleo staining scraps of fading blue paper napkins lying balled up between exfoliating lead-white walls..

The Exploitation of Man by Man : (A Survey of Oppression in History With a Plea for an End to Man\u27s Inhumanity to Man)

Michael Dei-Anang, former College at Brockport faculty member, worked for various ministeries (Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Director of the African Affairs Secretariat) in Ghana during the period of political change, and was one of the closest collaborators of President Kwame Nkrumah.https://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/bookshelf/1205/thumbnail.jp

SME financing: Crowdfunding vs microfinance

Thesis submitted to the Department of Business Administration, Ashesi University College, in partial fulfillment of Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration, April 2015The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether crowdfunding could replace microfinance as a better funding alternative for SMEs (Small to Medium Scale Enterprises) in Ghana. It also serves as a guide for potential crowdfunding institutions that would be interested in knowing the motivations SMEs have for choosing their financing methods. The key words that were where investigated and guided the entire study were SMEs, Crowdfunding and Microfinance The study then compares financing preferences of SMEs with the structures available in microfinance institutions and crowdfunding institutions. The study used Pearson’s Chi Square test to test significance of relationships of variables in the questionnaires that were posted, and used factor analysis to drive to conclusions from themes generated by the factors. It was concluded that SME incentives did coincide with what crowdfunding offered but failed in guaranteeing speed of funding which was dependent on those willing to fund you. That would be a limiting factor in a country like Ghana where speedy access to capital is a requirement. It was also concluded that due to the volatility of the financial services industry in Ghana, SMEs were not looking for a specific structure but rather a financing method that was quick and cheap. Finally it was recommended that a larger data set is necessary to increase the reliability of results

Acute Morphological and Toxicological Effects in a Human Bronchial Coculture Model after Sulfur Mustard Exposure.

International audienceSulfur mustard (SM) is a strong alkylating agent. Inhalation of SM causes acute lung injury accompanied by severe disruption of the airway barrier. In our study, we tested the acute effects after mustard exposure in an in vitro coculture bronchial model of the proximal barrier. To achieve this, we seeded normal human bronchial epithelial explant-outgrowth cells (HBEC) together with lung fibroblasts as a bilayer on filter plates and exposed the bronchial model after 31 days of differentiation to various concentrations of SM (30, 100, 300, and 500mM). The HBEC formed confluent layers, expressing functional tight junctions as measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). Mucus production and cilia formation reappeared in the coculture model. TER was measured after 2 and 24 h following treatment. Depending on the different concentrations , TER decreased in the first 2 h up to 55% of the control at the highest concentration. After 24 h, TER seemed to recover because at concentrations up to 300mM values were equal to the control. SM induced a widening of intercellular spaces and a loss in cell-matrix adhesion. Mucus production increased with the result that cilia ceased to beat. Changes in the proinflammatory cytokines in-terleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were also observed. Apoptotic markers such as cytochrome c, p53, Fas-associated protein with death domain, and procaspase-3 were significantly induced at concentrations of less than 100mM. In summary, SM induces morphological and biochemical changes that reflect pathological effects of SM injury in vivo. It is hoped to use this coculture model to understand further the pathogenesis of SM-induced barrier injury and to search for novel approaches in SM therapy

Barrier functions and paracellular integrity in human cell culture models of the proximal respiratory unit.

International audienceAirway epithelial cells provide a barrier to the translocation of inhaled materials. Tight (TJ) and adherens junctions (AJ) play a key role in maintaining barrier functions, and are responsible for the selective transport of various substances through the paracellular pathway. In this study we compared a bronchial cell line (16HBE14o-) and primary bronchial cells (HBEC), both cocultivated with the fibroblast cell line Wi-38, with respect to their structural differentiation and their reaction to cytokine stimulation. HBEC formed a pseudostratified epithelial layer and expressed TJ and AJ proteins after 2 weeks in coculture. Mucus-producing and ciliated cells were found within 24 days. Additionally, a beating activity of the ciliated HBEC (14-19 Hz) could be detected. 16HBE14o-in coculture showed a multilayered growth without differentiation to a pseudostratified airway epithelium. Simultaneous exposure to TNF-a-and IFN-c-induced significant changes in barrier function and paracellular permeability in the cocultures of HBEC/Wi-38 but not in the 16HBE14o-/Wi-38. In summary, HBEC in coculture mimic the structure of native polarized bronchial epithelium showing basal, mucus-producing and ciliated cells. Our system provides an opportunity to examine the factors that influence barrier and mucociliary function of bronchial epithelium within a time frame of 3 weeks up to 3 months in an in vivo-like differentiated model

The Administration of Ghana\u27s Foreign Relations, 1957-1965 : A Personal Memoir

Michael Dei-Anang, former College at Brockport faculty member, worked for various ministeries (Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Director of the African Affairs Secretariat) in Ghana during the period of political change, and was one of the closest collaborators of President Kwame Nkrumah.https://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/bookshelf/1204/thumbnail.jp