Diaphragm-sparing nerve blocks for shoulder surgery

Copyright © 2016 by American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine. Shoulder surgery can result in significant postoperative pain. Interscalene brachial plexus blocks (ISBs) constitute the current criterion standard for analgesia but may be contraindicated in patients with pulmonary pathology due to the inherent risk of phrenic nerve block and symptomatic hemidiaphragmatic paralysis. Although ultrasound-guided ISB with small volumes (5 mL), dilute local anesthetic (LA) concentrations, and LA injection 4 mm lateral to the brachial plexus have been shown to reduce the risk of phrenic nerve block, no single intervention can decrease its incidence below 20%. Ultrasound-guided supraclavicular blocks with LA injection posterolateral to the brachial plexus may anesthetize the shoulder without incidental diaphragmatic dysfunction, but further confirmatory trials are required. Ultrasound-guided C7 root blocks also seem to offer an attractive, diaphragm-sparing alternative to ISB. Ho

Direct whole-genome deep-sequencing of human respiratory syncytial virus A and B from Vietnamese children identifies distinct patterns of inter- and intra-host evolution

10.1099/jgv.0.000298Journal of General Virology96123470-348

Correlation Technologies for OTA Testing of mmWave Mobile Devices Using Energy Metrics

International audienceIn this paper, we introduce correlation technologies both at RF/mmWave and Base-Band frequencies. At RF and mmWave frequencies power-spectra and energy-spectra metrics are introduced for measuring the power-density of mobile devices and systems. The use of unified power-spectra and energy-spectra metrics leads to innovative Electromagnetic-Thermal sensing solutions for OTA-Testing. At Base-Band frequencies, DSP-based Convolutional-Accelerators are proposed for fast and accurate measurement of EVM (Error Vector Magnitude) using correlation technologies. New ASIC-embedded Smart-Connectors are developed for bringing correlation-based signal processing close to antenna-in-package (AiP) modules. Porting of the DSP-based Convolutional-Accelerators into advanced FD-SOI-ASIC platforms for co-integration with adaptive RF/mmWave FrontEnd-Modules will enable real-time extraction of auto-correlation and cross-correlation functions of stochastic signals for mobile devices and systems. Perspectives toward optically synchronized interferometric-correlation technologies are drawn for accurate measurements of stochastic EM fields in noisy environments