A problem-based learning experience with undergraduate marketing students

O presente artigo descreve a implementação da metodologia de aprendizagem baseada em problemas (ABP) no âmbito da unidade curricular de Publicidade e Relações Públicas, do 2.º ano da licenciatura em Marketing. A ABP é considerada uma abordagem global que tem sido reconhecida pelos académicos. Os resultados mostraram que a metodologia ABP tem resultados similares entre diferentes grupos. Todos os grupos de alunos estavam fortemente motivados, à exceção de um grupo que não demonstrou essas evidências por não ter a assiduidade suficiente para aproveitar o acompanhamento do professor. Em geral, todos os alunos puderam melhorar a colaboração entre os seus pares, bem como capacidades de comunicação. Demonstraram também evidências de uma postura ativa e de um trabalho autónomo. A inovação e a criatividade foram evidentes nos resultados finais. Em conclusão, a abordagem ABP pode influenciar os alunos de uma forma positiva.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Full Exploitation of Peach Palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth): State of the Art and Perspectives

The peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) is a palm tree native to the Amazon region, with plantations expanding to the Brazilian Southwest and South regions. This work is a critical review of historical, botanical, social, environmental, and nutritional aspects of edible and nonedible parts of the plant. In Brazil, the importance of the cultivation of B. gasipaes to produce palm heart has grown considerably, due to its advantages in relation to other palm species, such as precocity, rusticity and tillering. The last one is especially important, as it makes the exploitation of peach palm hearts, contrary to what happens with other palm tree species, a non-predatory practice. Of special interest are the recent efforts aiming at the valorization of the fruit as a source of carotenoids and starch. Further developments indicate that the B. gasipaes lignocellulosic wastes hold great potential for being upcycled into valuable biotechnological products such as prebiotics, enzymes, cellulose nanofibrils and high fiber flours. Clean technologies are protagonists of the recovery processes, ensuring the closure of the product’s life cycle in a “green” way. Future research should focus on expanding and making the recovery processes economically viable, which would be of great importance for stimulating the peach palm production chain

Aspectos sócio-econômicos dos indivíduos com malária importada na região metropolitana de São Paulo, Brasil: I - Caracterização da população e conhecimento sobre a doença Social and economic aspects of patients with imported malaria in the metropolitan region of S. Paulo City, S. Paulo State, Brazil: I - Characterization of the population and knowledge of the disease

Com o objetivo de conhecer o perfil sócio-econômico dos indivíduos que se deslocaram das áreas endêmicas de malária do país, foram estudadas 566 pessoas com suspeita de malária que procuraram a confirmação diagnostica no Laboratório de Malária da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo da Superintendência de Controle de Endemias (SUCEN). As informações foram obtidas através da aplicação de formulário, no período de novembro de 1986 a junho de 1987. Da população estudada, 345 (61,0%) residiam na área endêmica, 479 (84,6%) eram do sexo masculino, 513 (90,7%) estavam na faixa etária de 15 a 55 anos e 307 (54,2%) apresentaram hemoscopia positiva para plasmódio. Com relação à ocupação na área de transmissão, observou-se que 109 (19,3%) estavam ligados a atividade de extração de minerais, 74 (13,2%) à agricultura e 46 (8,1%) à atividade de transporte. A análise da escolaridade mostrou que 486 (85,9%) tinham 1° ou 2° grau. Quanto ao conhecimento sobre a doença, 384 (67,8%) declararam pelo menos 1 malária anterior e 491 (86,8%) associavam à doença a presença do vetor. Dentre os 221 indivíduos residentes em São Paulo, 207 (93,7%) conheciam o risco de contrair malária por ocasião do deslocamento para área de transmissão. Daqueles residentes na área endêmica, 336 (97,4%) tinham conhecimento do risco de contrair a doença naquela região. O intervalo transcorrido entre os primeiros sintomas e a procura de atendimento médico em 386 (68,2%) indivíduos variou de 0 a 3 dias. As freqüências das variáveis estudadas mostraram de acordo com o resultado hemoscópico e o local da residência, diferenças estatísticas relevantes.<br>With a view to discovering the social and economic characteristics of people from endemic malarial areas of Brazil, 566 suspected malaria cases were studied at the S. Paulo City Metropolitan Region Malaria Laboratory. Data were obtained by means of the application of standardized questionnaires over the period from November 1986 to June 1987 to individuals with as history of transit to Brazil's endemic malarial region. Of the population studied, 345 (61.0%) lived in the endemic area; 479 (84.6%) were males, 513 (90.7%) were between 15 and 55 years old and 307 (54.2%) presented positive plasmodium haemoscopia. The analysis by educational level indicated that 486 (85.9%) had primary or secondary education; 109 (19.3%) worked in mineral extraction; 74 (13.2%) were farmers, and 46 (8.1%) were related to terrestrial transportation activities. With respect, to knowledge of the disease, 384 (67.8%) had at least 1 bout of malaria before and 491 (86.8%) associated the disease with the presence of the vector. Of the 221 residents in S. Paulo, 207 (93.7%), as well as 336 (97.4%) of those residing in the endemic area already know of the riscks of infection prior to travelling through the area of transmission. The interval between the first symptoms and the seeking for medical care varied from 0 to 3 days in 386 cases (68.2%). The frequencies of the variables studied analysed according to the haemoscopic result and the place of residence, were statistically significant