Salud sexual y reproductiva con enfoque intercultural : Reflexiones sobre la calidad de atención en un hospital público de Buenos Aires

El presente trabajo se propone problematizar las políticas públicas y acciones sanitarias en materia de salud sexual y reproductiva con relación al reconocimiento y cumplimiento efectivo en este campo de los derechos de los pueblos indígenas y la población migrante. Para ello, se tomará como eje de análisis una entrevista realizada a la jefa del servicio de obstetricia de un hospital público de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Entre los temas que buscaremos desarrollar se destacan el tratamiento brindado por un equipo de salud a mujeres migrantes e indígenas, atendiendo particularmente a los condicionamientos y las dificultades de acceso a la atención en salud reproductiva. Asimismo, se problematizará sobre la injerencia de los organismos internacionales de desarrollo en los programas sociales, principalmente en la implementación de políticas públicas en salud sexual y reproductiva inspiradas o impuestas por ellos. Por último, se delineará la necesidad de un cambio paradigmático en el modelo de atención en salud sexual y reproductiva. En este sentido, destacaremos como un elemento fundamental la participación activa de la población en la definición de políticas públicas y acciones sanitarias, así como también la adecuación cultural de los trabajadores de la salud.Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Socia

Impactos y gestión de erupciones volcánicas en Argentina: una mirada interdisciplinaria sobre el ciclo eruptivo 2018-2019 del volcán Peteroa

Argentina es un extenso país con numerosas evidencias de actividad volcánica. Sin considerar el volcanismo antártico (e.g. Isla Decepción, en las Shetland del Sur), en el país existen 38 volcanes con registro de actividad holocena, 20 enteramente en territorio argentino y 18 en el límite internacional con Chile (García y Badi, 2021). La totalidad de estos sistemas volcánicos activos se encuentran emplazados en el extremo occidental del territorio. Sin embargo, al pensar en las posibles consecuencias de la actividad volcánica en el país, también deben considerarse los más de 70 volcanes activos ubicados íntegramente en territorio chileno (Amigo, 2021). Más allá de los procesos circunscritos a las inmediaciones de los edificios volcánicos (e.g. corrientes piroclásticas, flujos de lava, lahares), el principal peligro volcánico para el territorio argentino es la caída de tefra. En particular, la fracción tamaño ceniza (diámetro 1 km³–, han ocasionado una multiplicidad de impactos adversos, tanto en el ambiente, como en la economía y la vida cotidiana de las personas (Craig et al., 2016). Pero además de estas erupciones de moderada a gran magnitud, en los Andes también ocurren erupciones menores. Este tipo de erupciones, por lo general, no adquieren trascendencia mediática ni ocupan un espacio de relevancia en la agenda pública nacional. Esta invisibilización, en parte, puede entenderse al observar la distribución demográfica de Argentina que indica que los principales núcleos urbanos se encuentran mayormente alejados de los sistemas volcánicos activos. En este sentido, resulta sencillo imaginar que estas pequeñas erupciones, de volcanes emplazados en rincones remotos del país no afectan a nadie. Pero, ¿cuánto de cierto hay en esta afirmación? ¿Qué ocurre con los pobladores rurales que habitan estos territorios? En este trabajo nos adentramos en una de estas áreas remotas de la cordillera de los Andes con el objetivo de dar respuesta a estos interrogantes. Más específicamente, visitamos la cuenca alta del Río Grande en la provincia de Mendoza; zona que fue afectada por la erupción del volcán Peteroa en 2018-2019 (Fig. 1). El interés de nuestra investigación se centra no solo en comprender los efectos de esta erupción en el ambiente y las personas sino también en analizar la gestión de una crisis volcánica en un territorio andino constituido predominantemente por población rural. Para esto conformamos un equipo de trabajo interdisciplinario e implementamos, de manera combinada, herramientas de las ciencias sociales y naturales

Crianças e o ensino remoto no contexto da pandemia: alguns estudos

This article aims to investigate how children were heard during the period of remote teaching, established by the educational sector during the covid-19 pandemic, in the years 2020 and 2021. This is a bibliographic study carried out based on a survey of research and scientific articles that addressed the topic during the period. Fourteen works were found, including one that listened to children. It was concluded that the suspension of classes affected different segments of the school community and influenced children's learning. The private sector was better prepared than the public, and children with greater economic vulnerability were most harmed. Thus, challenges were observed in adapting the segments that make up the school and difficulties faced by children were noted. Based on the research results, the importance of listening to children is highlighted, in order to structure actions that overcome obstacles such as those that arose during remote education.El Este artículo tiene como objetivo investigar cómo fueron escuchados los niños durante el período de enseñanza remota, instaurado por el sector educativo durante la pandemia del covid-19, en los años 2020 y 2021. Se trata de un estudio bibliográfico realizado a partir de un relevamiento de investigaciones y estudios científicos. artículos que abordaron el tema durante el período. Se encontraron catorce obras, incluida una que escuchaba a niños. Se concluyó que la suspensión de clases afectó a diferentes segmentos de la comunidad escolar e influyó en el aprendizaje de los niños. El sector privado estaba mejor preparado que el público y los niños con mayor vulnerabilidad económica fueron los más perjudicados. Así, se observaron desafíos en la adaptación de los segmentos que conforman la escuela y se notaron dificultades que enfrentan los niños. A partir de los resultados de la investigación, se destaca la importancia de escuchar a los niños, para estructurar acciones que superen obstáculos como los que surgieron durante la educación remota.      O presente artigo por objetivo investigar como as crianças foram ouvidas no período do ensino remoto, instituído pelo setor educacional durante a pandemia de covid-19, nos anos de 2020 e 2021. Trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico realizado a partir de levantamento de pesquisas e artigos científicos que abordaram a temática no período. Foram encontrados quatorze trabalhos, entre eles um que ouviu as crianças. Concluiu-se que a suspensão das aulas afetou os diversos segmentos da comunidade escolar e influenciou o aprendizado das crianças. O setor privado estava melhor preparado que o público, e as crianças com maior vulnerabilidade econômica foram mais prejudicadas. Assim, observaram-se desafios na adaptação dos segmentos que compõem a escola e constataram-se dificuldades enfrentadas pelas crianças. A partir dos resultados da pesquisa, ressalta-se a importância da escuta das crianças, a fim de estruturar ações que superem obstáculos como os surgidos ao longo da vigência do ensino remot

Prevalence of celiac disease among blood donors in São Paulo: the most populated city in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: Celiac disease is a permanent enteropathy caused by the ingestion of gluten, which leads to an immunemediated inflammation of the small intestine mucosa. The prevalence of celiac disease varies among different nations and ethnic backgrounds, and its diversity is determined by genetic and environmental factors. São Paulo city is one of the largest cities in the world, with a vast population and an important history of internal migratory flow from other Brazilian regions, as well as immigration from other, primarily European, countries, resulting in significant miscegenation. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of adults with undiagnosed celiac disease among blood donors of São Paulo by collecting information on the ancestry of the population studied. METHODS: The prevalence of celiac disease was assessed by screening for positive IgA transglutaminase and IgA endomysium antibodies in 4,000 donors (volunteers) in the Fundação Pró-Sangue Blood Center of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. The antibody-positive subjects were asked to undergo a small bowel biopsy. RESULTS: Of the 4,000 subjects, twenty-four had positive tests, although both antibody tests were not always concordant. For example, ten subjects were positive for IgA tissue transglutaminase only. In twenty-one positive patients, duodenal biopsies were performed, and the diagnosis of celiac disease was confirmed in fourteen patients (Marsh criteria modified by Oberhuber). In this group, 67% claimed to have European ancestry, mainly from Italy, Portugal and Spain. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of celiac disease is at least 1:286 among supposedly healthy blood bank volunteers in São Paulo, Brazil

Prevalence of celiac disease among blood donors in São Paulo: the most populated city in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: Celiac disease is a permanent enteropathy caused by the ingestion of gluten, which leads to an immunemediated inflammation of the small intestine mucosa. The prevalence of celiac disease varies among different nations and ethnic backgrounds, and its diversity is determined by genetic and environmental factors. São Paulo city is one of the largest cities in the world, with a vast population and an important history of internal migratory flow from other Brazilian regions, as well as immigration from other, primarily European, countries, resulting in significant miscegenation. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of adults with undiagnosed celiac disease among blood donors of São Paulo by collecting information on the ancestry of the population studied. METHODS: The prevalence of celiac disease was assessed by screening for positive IgA transglutaminase and IgA endomysium antibodies in 4,000 donors (volunteers) in the Fundação Pró-Sangue Blood Center of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. The antibody-positive subjects were asked to undergo a small bowel biopsy. RESULTS: Of the 4,000 subjects, twenty-four had positive tests, although both antibody tests were not always concordant. For example, ten subjects were positive for IgA tissue transglutaminase only. In twenty-one positive patients, duodenal biopsies were performed, and the diagnosis of celiac disease was confirmed in fourteen patients (Marsh criteria modified by Oberhuber). In this group, 67% claimed to have European ancestry, mainly from Italy, Portugal and Spain. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of celiac disease is at least 1:286 among supposedly healthy blood bank volunteers in São Paulo, Brazil

Prevalence of celiac disease among blood donors in Sao Paulo - the most populated city in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: Celiac disease is a permanent enteropathy caused by the ingestion of gluten, which leads to an immune-mediated inflammation of the small intestine mucosa. The prevalence of celiac disease varies among different nations and ethnic backgrounds, and its diversity is determined by genetic and environmental factors. Sao Paulo city is one of the largest cities in the world, with a vast population and an important history of internal migratory flow from other Brazilian regions, as well as immigration from other, primarily European, countries, resulting in significant miscegenation. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of adults with undiagnosed celiac disease among blood donors of Sao Paulo by collecting information on the ancestry of the population studied. METHODS: The prevalence of celiac disease was assessed by screening for positive IgA transglutaminase and IgA endomysium antibodies in 4,000 donors (volunteers) in the Fundacao Pro-Sangue Blood Center of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The antibody-positive subjects were asked to undergo a small bowel biopsy. RESULTS: Of the 4,000 subjects, twenty-four had positive tests, although both antibody tests were not always concordant. For example, ten subjects were positive for IgA tissue transglutaminase only. In twenty-one positive patients, duodenal biopsies were performed, and the diagnosis of celiac disease was confirmed in fourteen patients (Marsh criteria modified by Oberhuber). In this group, 67% claimed to have European ancestry, mainly from Italy, Portugal and Spain. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of celiac disease is at least 1: 286 among supposedly healthy blood bank volunteers in Sao Paulo, Brazil