Implementación de un prototipo de tricimoto para personas con paraplejía

People with paraplegia face daily urban walls, due to the lack of an economic means of transportation and adequate to their abilities, it interferes with the individual's ability to be independent and their performance in society. Considering that people with this disability cannot get rid of their wheelchair, the current project presents the design and construction of a prototype Tricycle-moto by adapting a motorcycle, which will provide independence for people suffering from paraplegia, in this way a solution is provided to their mobility problems so it’s possible to integrate them to a socio-economic environment. The prototype structural system was designed and modeled with projection to optimize resources and materials, but without altering the quality of the same. Tricycle-moto was constructed with materials of approved characteristics by the norms of Ecuadorian regularization, fulfilling quality controls in each stage of construction to provide security and quality to the prototype. Its engine of 150 c.c. provides a power of 10 hp in addition to being economical has a yield of 10 km / l of fuel, the Tricycle-moto will be able to make daily trips to the person different social activities, with a maximum circulation speed of 50 km / h. in order to grantee the safety by the prototype starts from the design, its center of gravity is distributed in a way that can minimize the effects caused by an accident, in addition to the mandatory elements such as the helmet and safety belt that has as its purpose safeguarding the integrity of the individual by proving to be an efficient and economic vehicle. The Tricycle-moto will solve the displacement and autonomy person problems who has mobility problems in their lower limbs.Las personas con paraplejía afrontan a diario murallas urbanas, debido a la carencia de un medio de transporte económico y adecuado a sus capacidades, esto interfiere con la aptitud del individuo de ser independiente y su desempeño en la sociedad. Considerando que, las personas con dicha discapacidad no pueden desprenderse de su silla de ruedas, en el actual proyecto se presenta el diseño y construcción de un prototipo de Tricimoto mediante la adaptación de una motocicleta, que brindará independencia a las personas que padecen paraplejía, proporcionando de este modo una solución ante sus problemas de movilidad integrando a las mismas a un ambiente socio-económico. El sistema estructural del prototipo fue diseñado y modelado con proyección a optimizar recursos y materiales, pero sin alterar la calidad del mismo. La Tricimoto se construyó con materiales de características aprobadas por las normas de regularización ecuatorianas, cumpliendo controles de calidad en cada etapa de construcción para brindar seguridad y calidad al prototipo. Su motor de 150 c.c. suministra una potencia de 10 hp además de ser económico tiene un rendimiento de 10 km/l de combustible, la Tricimoto podrá realizar recorridos diarios a las distintas actividades sociales de la persona, con una velocidad máxima de circulación de 50 km/h. De ésta manera la seguridad concedida por el prototipo inicia desde el diseño, su centro de gravedad está distribuido de manera que pueda disminuir al máximo los efectos ocasionados por un accidente, además de los elementos obligatorios como el casco y cinturón de seguridad que tiene como finalidad salvaguardar la integridad del individuo demostrando ser un vehículo eficiente y económico. La Tricimoto solucionará los problemas de desplazamiento y autonomía de la persona que posee problemas de movilidad en sus miembros inferiores.Universidad Técnica de Cotopax

Applying a set-based parametric design method to structural design of bridges

Set-based design has been widely applied in manufacturing and product development, as it allows to consider a large number of alternatives during the design process. The design process in civil engineering projects may benefit from this alternative design approach, however its applicability in this field remains unexplored. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of applying a set-based parametric design method to the structural design of bridges. The method developed here combines set-based design, parametric design, finite element analysis and multi-criteria decision analysis. The developed method is applied to two existing bridges considering two sustainability criteria in the evaluation of the alternatives: material cost and carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent emissions. Preliminary results indicate that the method leads to bridges that are more efficient with regard to the selected sustainability criteria

Sociodemographic changes and trends in the rates of new perinatal HIV diagnoses and transmission in Spain from 1997 to 2015

Retrospective study; Spanish Paediatric HIV Network; Rates of perinatal HIVEstudio retrospectivo; Red Española de VIH Pediátrico; Tasas de VIH perinatalEstudi retrospectiu; Xarxa espanyola de VIH Pediàtrica; Taxes de VIH perinatalBackground: There are not enough nationwide studies on perinatal HIV transmission in connection with a combination of antiretroviral treatments in Spain. Our objectives were to study sociodemographic changes and trends in the rates of HIV diagnoses and perinatal transmission in Spain from 1997 to 2015. Methods: A retrospective study using data from Spanish Paediatric HIV Network (CoRISpe) and Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set (MDBS) was performed. HIV- diagnosed children between 1997 and 2015 were selected. Sociodemographic, clinical and immunovirological data of HIV-infected children and their mothers were studied in four calendar periods (P1: 1997-2000; P2: 2001-2005; P3: 2006-2010; P4: 2011-2015). Rates of perinatal HIV diagnoses and transmission from 1997 to 2015 were calculated. Results: A total of 532 HIV-infected children were included in this study. Of these children, 406 were Spanish (76.3%) and 126 immigrants (23.7%). A decrease in the number of HIV diagnoses, 203 (38.2%) children in the first (P1), 149 (28%) in the second (P2), 130 (24.4%) in the third (P3) and 50 (9.4%) in the fourth (P4) calendar periods was studied. The same decrease in the Spanish HIV-infected children (P1, 174 (46.6%), P2, 115 (30.8%), P3, 65 (17.4%) and P4, 19 (5.1%)) was monitored. However, an increase in the number of HIV diagnoses by sexual contact (P1: 0%; P2: 1.3%; P3: 4.6%; P4: 16%) was observed. The rates of new perinatal HIV diagnoses and perinatal transmission in Spanish children decreased from 0.167 to 0.005 per 100,000 inhabitants and 11.4% to 0.4% between 1997 and 2015, respectively. Conclusions: A decline of perinatal HIV diagnoses and transmission was observed. However, an increase of teen-agers HIV diagnoses with sexual infection was studied. Public awareness campaigns directed to teen-agers are advisable to prevent HIV infection by sexual contact.This work has been partially funded by Red Temática de Investigación en SIDA (RED RIS) supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (RD12/0017/0035, RD12/0017/0037 and RD16/0025/0019), project as part of the Plan R+D+I (2008-2011; 2013-2016) and cofinanced by ISCIII Subdirección General de Evaluación and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), RISEPICLIN-19/2015, Fondo para la Investigación Sanitaria of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FIS PI13/00422, PI16/01863), CYTED (214RT0482) and EPIICAL Project. CIBER-BBN is an initiative funded by the VI National R&D&I Plan 2008-2011, Iniciativa Ingenio 2010, the Consolider Program, and CIBER Actions and financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III with assistance from the European Regional Development Fund. COST CA17140 Cancer Nanomedicine-Front The Bench to Bebside. We thank the Spanish HIV HGM BioBank supported by ISC III project RETIC PT13/0010/0028 and PT17/0015/0042. No funding for this work was received from National Institutes of Health (NIH), Wellcome Trust and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI

Inclusión y participación de las víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia, en los procesos de comunicación de la Unidad para las Víctimas

Identificar y Analizar las estrategias de comunicación con las víctimas que ha implementado la Oficina Asesora de Comunicaciones de la Unidad Administrativa Especial para la Atención y Reparación Integral a las Víctimas, con el fin de que los hallazgos y las recomendaciones resultantes permitan fortalecer la relación y la confianza entre las víctimas y la Unidad.El siguiente estudio de caso aborda la comunidad víctima del conflicto armado en Colombia y la identificación de las estrategias de comunicación que ha implementado la Oficina Asesora de Comunicaciones de la Unidad Administrativa Especial para la Atención y Reparación Integral a las Víctimas, para conocer hasta qué punto se ha construido relación y confianza con este grupo poblacional; se desarrolla a través de un enfoque cualitativo con uso de técnicas como la revisión documental, grupo de discusión, la observación, la entrevista y cuestionario de preguntas semiestructuradas. La metodología para cumplir con los objetivos se implementó con diferentes actores influyentes para establecer el tipo de información, las percepciones y prácticas que tienen las víctimas sobre la oferta institucional, así como identificar desde la perspectiva de las víctimas, las principales dificultades y retos que tiene la línea de acción de comunicación con víctimas de la Oficina Asesora de Comunicaciones y, finalmente, socializar con esta los principales hallazgos y las más importantes recomendaciones emergentesThe following case study approaches to the victim community of the armed conflict in Colombia and the identification of the communication strategies implemented by the Communications Advisory Office of the Special Administrative Unit for Comprehensive Attention and Reparation to Victims (UARIV in Spanish), to know how deep a relationship and trust have been built with this population group; it is developed through a qualitative approach with the use of techniques such as documentary review, group discussion, observation, interview and questionnaire of semi-structured questions. The methodology to reach the objectives was implemented with different influential actors to establish the type of information, the perceptions and practices that victims have about the institutional offer, as well as to identify, from the perspective of the victims, the main difficulties and challenges the line of action of communication with victims of the Communications Advisory Office face and, finally, socialize with it the main findings and the most important emerging recommendations

Inclusión y participación de las víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia, en los procesos de comunicación de la Unidad para las Víctimas

Identificar y Analizar las estrategias de comunicación con las víctimas que ha implementado la Oficina Asesora de Comunicaciones de la Unidad Administrativa Especial para la Atención y Reparación Integral a las Víctimas, con el fin de que los hallazgos y las recomendaciones resultantes permitan fortalecer la relación y la confianza entre las víctimas y la Unidad.El siguiente estudio de caso aborda la comunidad víctima del conflicto armado en Colombia y la identificación de las estrategias de comunicación que ha implementado la Oficina Asesora de Comunicaciones de la Unidad Administrativa Especial para la Atención y Reparación Integral a las Víctimas, para conocer hasta qué punto se ha construido relación y confianza con este grupo poblacional; se desarrolla a través de un enfoque cualitativo con uso de técnicas como la revisión documental, grupo de discusión, la observación, la entrevista y cuestionario de preguntas semiestructuradas. La metodología para cumplir con los objetivos se implementó con diferentes actores influyentes para establecer el tipo de información, las percepciones y prácticas que tienen las víctimas sobre la oferta institucional, así como identificar desde la perspectiva de las víctimas, las principales dificultades y retos que tiene la línea de acción de comunicación con víctimas de la Oficina Asesora de Comunicaciones y, finalmente, socializar con esta los principales hallazgos y las más importantes recomendaciones emergentesThe following case study approaches to the victim community of the armed conflict in Colombia and the identification of the communication strategies implemented by the Communications Advisory Office of the Special Administrative Unit for Comprehensive Attention and Reparation to Victims (UARIV in Spanish), to know how deep a relationship and trust have been built with this population group; it is developed through a qualitative approach with the use of techniques such as documentary review, group discussion, observation, interview and questionnaire of semi-structured questions. The methodology to reach the objectives was implemented with different influential actors to establish the type of information, the perceptions and practices that victims have about the institutional offer, as well as to identify, from the perspective of the victims, the main difficulties and challenges the line of action of communication with victims of the Communications Advisory Office face and, finally, socialize with it the main findings and the most important emerging recommendations

Supporting Diversity in Science through Social Networking

In this Community Page, we learn how a scientific community leverages social networking tools to connect a group of dispersed scientific researchers in Ciencia Puerto Rico; this effort fosters innovative research and educational collaborations and changes the way scientists interact with the public

MYH10 activation rescues contractile defects in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM).

The most prevalent genetic form of inherited arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is caused by mutations in desmosomal plakophilin-2 (PKP2). By studying pathogenic deletion mutations in the desmosomal protein PKP2, here we identify a general mechanism by which PKP2 delocalization restricts actomyosin network organization and cardiac sarcomeric contraction in this untreatable disease. Computational modeling of PKP2 variants reveals that the carboxy-terminal (CT) domain is required for N-terminal domain stabilization, which determines PKP2 cortical localization and function. In mutant PKP2 cells the expression of the interacting protein MYH10 rescues actomyosin disorganization. Conversely, dominant-negative MYH10 mutant expression mimics the pathogenic CT-deletion PKP2 mutant causing actin network abnormalities and right ventricle systolic dysfunction. A chemical activator of non-muscle myosins, 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4-HAP), also restores normal contractility. Our findings demonstrate that activation of MYH10 corrects the deleterious effect of PKP2 mutant over systolic cardiac contraction, with potential implications for ACM therapy.This study was supported by MCIU grant BFU2016-75144-R and PID2020- 116935RB-I00, and by a “la Caixa” Banking Foundation grant under the project code HR18-00304” to J.A.B.; The study was also supported by the “Ayudas a la Investigación Cátedra Real Madrid-Universidad Europea” (2017/RM01). C.M.-L. and S.S. hold MCIU predoctoral contracts BES-2017-079715, and BES-2017-079707 respectively. R.G. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under grant ERCAG-340177 (3DNanoMech) and from the MCIU under grant MAT2016- 76507-R. The CNIC is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) and the Pro CNIC Foundation and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence, grant CEX2020-001041-S funded by MICIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. The microscopy experiments were carried out at the Dynamic Microscopy and Image Unit, CNIC, ICTS-ReDib, co-financed by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/ 501100011033 and FEDER “A way of making Europe” (#ICTS-2018-04- CNIC-16). Imaris full analysis were carried out at the Microscopy & Dynamic Imaging, CNIC, ICTS-ReDib, co-funded by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033. Biomedical Imaging has been conducted at the Advanced Imaging Unit of the CNIC (Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III), Madrid, Spain. This project used the ReDIB ICTS infrastructure TRIMA@CNIC, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN).S

INFLUÊNCIA DO TEMPO DE TABAGISMO NOS SINAIS VITAIS

Indivíduos tabagistas possuem importantes mudanças sistêmicas, sendo elas influenciadas principalmente pela nicotina presente no cigarro que induz a produção de catecolaminas ao nódulo sino-atrial gerando um aumento da frequência da cardíaca (FC) e pressão arterial sistêmica (PA). O monóxido de carbono (CO) prejudica a oxigenação dos tecidos e pouco se sabe sobre esses efeitos à longo prazo. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi correlacionar o tempo de tabagismo com o comportamento dos sinais vitais: FC, saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2), PA, percepção subjetiva de dispneia (Borg D) e percepção subjetiva de fadiga em membros inferiores (Borg F). Participaram 40 indivíduos tabagistas (44,55±13,70 anos) aparentemente saudáveis. Não houve correlação entre FC, PAS, PAD e Borg com o tempo de tabagismo, porém a SpO2 apresentou uma correlação negativa com o tempo, indicando um maior prejuízo na oxigenação periférica de indivíduos com um maior tempo de tabagismo

Plan de auditoría para el sistema de gestión de la inocuidad basado en la norma iso 22000:2018 para la línea de producción de la empresa alimenticia estrella gourmet; para la línea salsa mostaza y miel.F

Anexo 1 programa de auditoría para el sistema ISO 22000:2018 de la empresa Estrella GourmetEl presente trabajo de grado, es establecido sobre el diseño de un plan de auditoría interna concerniente al cumplimiento de los requisitos de la Norma ISO 22000:2018 en la producción de la empresa alimenticia ESTRELLA GOURMET; para la línea salsa mostaza y miel, en el cual se tuvieron en cuenta los lineamentos señalados por la ISO en la Norma 19011, cuya norma nos brinda el amplio conocimiento de cómo se debe planear y crear un plan de auditoría, con el fin de presentarle a esta organización, un plan de trabajo eficiente para evaluar la pertinencia de su Sistema de Gestión de Inocuidad Alimentaria (SGIA), iniciando con el análisis de los hallazgos encontrados en una auditoría anterior, los cuales son mostrados en el programa de auditoría interna para confirmar el cumplimiento de la Norma ISO 22000 de 2018. Basado en lo anterior, se elaboró un plan de auditoría para cada uno de los hallazgos encontrados, que en su totalidad fueron ocho (8). Cada uno de ellos fueron manifestados en su respectivo formato donde se relaciona; el objetivo, alcance, criterio, equipo auditor, área auditada, los recursos utilizados, modalidad, tipo de auditoría, y sus respectivos cronogramas de actividades a realizar indicando tiempo y fecha a desarrollar. Palabras clave: Auditoría, Inocuidad, ISO 22000:2018.  This degree work is established on the design of an internal audit plan concerning compliance with the requirements of ISO 22000:2018 in the production of the ESTRELLA GOURMET food company; for the honey and mustard sauce line, in which the guidelines indicated by ISO in Standard 19011 were taken into account, whose standard provides us with extensive knowledge of how to plan and create an audit plan, in order to present to you to this organization, an efficient work plan to evaluate the relevance of its Food Safety Management System (SGIA), starting with the analysis of the findings found in a previous audit, which are shown in the internal audit program to confirm compliance with the ISO 22000 Standard of 2018. Based on the above, an audit plan was prepared for each of the findings found, which in total were eight (8). Each of them were manifested in their respective format where it is related; the objective, scope, criteria, audit team, audited area, resources used, modality, type of audit, and their respective schedules of activities to be carried out, indicating the time and date to be carried out. Keywords: Audit, Safety, ISO 22000:2018