Autobiographie und Reise in Günter Grass und Juan Goytisolo

En una conversación de 1997 entre los escritores Juan Goytisolo y Günter Grass (Diálogo sobre la desmemoria y los tabúes), el escritor español asegura haber leído al escritor alemán. Cuando Grass fue repudiado por haber confesado en su obra Pelando la cebolla (2006) que en su juventud había integrado las SS, organización militar y de seguridad al servicio de Hitler, el español fue uno de sus más acérrimos defensores. Pero no sólo por lo anteriormente señalado se pueden encontrar afinidades. Entre otras semejanzas, los dos escritores nacieron y murieron en fechas muy cercanas; vivieron las consecuencias de regímenes dictatoriales y de posguerra (Hitler y la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Franco y la guerra civil española); recobraron la figura de Cervantes en sus discursos; Grass en Discurso de la pérdida (1992) y en la novela Grimms Wörter (2010) y Goytisolo al recibir el Premio Cervantes en 2014 concuerdan en que su verdadera patria es su lengua; el nomadismo determinó sus vidas y lo representaron en sus obras: Grass en su permanencia en diversas ciudades y países (Danzig, París, la isla de Møn, Düsseldorf, Berlín y Lübeck) y al retomar la figura de los gitanos en su novela Encuentro en Telgte (1979), por ejemplo; Goytisolo en sus novelas autobiográficas y libros de viaje. Se propone detectar y analizar semejanzas y diferencias en la escritura autobiográfica y la recurrencia al tópico del viaje en dos obras de estos autores: Coto vedado (1985) y Pelando la cebolla (2006).In einem Gespräch zwischen den Schriftstellern Juan Goytisolo und Günter Grass (Gespräch über Vergessen und Tabus) im Jahr 1997 erklärt der spanische Schriftsteller, dass er den deutschen Schriftsteller gelesen habe. Als Grass verstoßen wurde, weil er in seinem Werk Beim Häuten der Zwiebel (2006) gestand, dass er in seiner Jugend die SS-, Militär- und Sicherheitsorganisation in Hitlers Dienste integriert hatte, war der Spanier einer seiner stärksten Verteidiger. Aber nicht nur wegen der oben genannten können Sie Affinitäten finden. Unter anderem wurden die beiden Schriftsteller geboren und starben an nahe gelegenen Daten; sie erlebten die Folgen diktatorischer und Nachkriegsregime (Hitler und Zweiter Weltkrieg, Franco und der spanische Bürgerkrieg); sie nahmen die Figur von Cervantes in seinen Reden wieder auf.; Grass in Rede vom Verlust (1992) und der Roman Grimms Wörter (2010) sowie Goytisolo, als er 2014 den Cervantes-Preis erhielt, stimmen darin überein, dass seine wahre Heimat seine Sprache ist; der Nomadismus bestimmte das Leben und Werk der Autoren: Grass bei seinem Aufenthalt in verschiedenen Städten und Ländern (Danzig, Paris, auf der Insel Møn, Düsseldorf, Berlin und Lübeck 1979) zum Beispiel; Goytisolo in seinen autobiografischen Romanen und Reisebüchern. Es wird vorgeschlagen, Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede im autobiografischen Schreiben und die Wiederholung des Themas der Reise in zwei Werken dieser Autoren festzustellen und zu analysieren: Jagdverbot (1985) und Beim Häuten der Zwiebel (2006).Fil: Daruich, Zaida Leila. Universidad Nacional de San Lui

Macular dystrophy associated with the mitochondrial DNA A3243G mutation: pericentral pigment deposits or atrophy? Report of two cases and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: The A3243G point mutation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is associated with MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes) and MIDD syndromes (maternally inherited diabetes and deafness). Both MELAS and MIDD patients can present with visual symptoms due to a retinopathy, sometimes before the genetic diagnosis is made. CASE PRESENTATION: Patient 1: 46 year-old woman with diabetes mellitus and hearing loss was referred for an unspecified maculopathy detected during screening evaluation for diabetic retinopathy. Visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Fundus examination showed bilateral macular and peripapillary hyperpigmented/depigmented areas.Patient 2: 45 year-old woman was referred for recent vision loss in her left eye. History was remarkable for chronic fatigue, migraine and diffuse muscular pain. Visual acuity was 20/20 in her right eye and 20/30 in her left eye. Fundus exhibited several nummular perifoveal islands of retinal pigment epithelium atrophy and adjacent pale deposits in both eyes.Retinal anatomy was investigated with autofluorescence, retinal angiography and optical coherence tomography. Retinal function was assessed with automated static perimetry, full-field and multifocal electroretinography and electro-oculography. Genetic testing of mtDNA identified a point mutation at the locus 3243. CONCLUSION: Observation of RPE abnormalities in the context of suggestive systemic findings should prompt mtDNA testing

Radiation Maculopathy After Proton Beam Therapy for Uveal Melanoma: Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Alterations Influencing Visual Acuity.

To analyze microvascular and structural changes in radiation maculopathy and their influence on visual acuity (VA), using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). This was a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with radiation maculopathy, 12 months or more after proton-beam irradiation for uveal melanoma, imaged with fluorescein angiography, OCT, and OCTA. Clinical parameters potentially affecting VA were recorded, including OCTA-derived metrics: foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, vascular density, and local fractal dimension of the superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexuses (DCP). Nonirradiated fellow eyes served as controls. Ninety-three patients were included. FAZ was larger, while SCP/DCP capillary density and local fractal dimension were lower in the 35 irradiated than in the 35 fellow eyes (P < 0.0001). Microvascular alterations graded on fluorescein angiography (minimally damaged/disrupted/disorganized) were correlated to FAZ area and SCP/DCP density on OCTA (P < 0.01). By univariate analysis, worse VA was associated to macular detachment at presentation (P = 0.024), total macular irradiation (P = 0.0008), higher central macular thickness (CMT) (P = 0.019), higher absolute CMT variation (P < 0.0001), cystoid edema (P = 0.030), ellipsoid zone disruption (P = 0.002), larger FAZ (P < 0.0001), lower SCP (P = 0.001) and DCP capillary density (P < 0.0001), and lower SCP (P = 0.009) and DCP local fractal dimension (P < 0.0001). Two multivariate models with either capillary density or fractal dimension as covariate showed that younger age (P = 0.014/0.017), ellipsoid zone disruption (P = 0.034/0.019), larger FAZ (P = 0.0006/0.002), and lower DCP density (P = 0.008) or DCP fractal dimension (P = 0.012), respectively, were associated with worse VA. VA of eyes with radiation maculopathy is influenced by structural and microvascular factors identified with OCTA, including FAZ area and DCP integrity

The Eye on Mitochondrial Disorders.

Ophthalmologic manifestations of mitochondrial disorders are frequently neglected or overlooked because they are often not regarded as part of the phenotype. This review aims at summarizing and discussing the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of ophthalmologic manifestations of mitochondrial disorders. Review of publications about ophthalmologic involvement in mitochondrial disorders by search of Medline applying appropriate search terms. The eye is frequently affected by syndromic as well as nonsyndromic mitochondrial disorders. Primary and secondary ophthalmologic manifestations can be differentiated. The most frequent ophthalmologic manifestations of mitochondrial disorders include ptosis, progressive external ophthalmoplegia, optic atrophy, retinopathy, and cataract. More rarely occurring are nystagmus and abnormalities of the cornea, ciliary body, intraocular pressure, the choroidea, or the brain secondarily affecting the eyes. It is important to recognize and diagnose ophthalmologic manifestations of mitochondrial disorders as early as possible because most are accessible to symptomatic treatment with partial or complete short-term or long-term beneficial effect. Ophthalmologic manifestations of mitochondrial disorders need to be appropriately diagnosed to initiate the most effective management and guarantee optimal outcome

Sustained-release steroids for the treatment of diabetic macular edema.

Glucocorticoids have been used for decades in the treatment of ocular disorders via topical, periocular, and more recently intravitreal routes. However, their exact mechanisms of action on ocular tissues remain imperfectly understood. Fortunately, two recently approved intravitreal sustained-release drug delivery systems have opened new perspectives for these very potent drugs. To date, among other retinal conditions, their label includes diabetic macular edema, for which a long-lasting therapeutic effect has been demonstrated both morphologically and functionally in several randomized clinical trials. The rate of ocular complications of intravitreal sustained-release steroids, mainly cataract formation and intraocular pressure elevation, is higher than with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents. Yet, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these adverse effects and the search for the minimal efficient dose should help optimize their therapeutic window

Juego en realidad virtual “Las 5S de OSSSSSO”

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer el desarrollo y creación de un juego en realidad virtual para aprendizaje de la herramienta 5S de Lean Manufacturing. El nombre del mismo es “Las 5S de OSSSSSO”. También se muestra todo el proceso que conlleva a su creación, junto a todos los conceptos teóricos necesarios para que el lector pueda comprender tanto el contenido como el objetivo de la experiencia brindada por el personaje del juego. Estos son temas de juegos didácticos, realidad virtual, lean manufacturing, 5S, entre otros.Departamento de Organización de Empresas y Comercialización e Investigación de MercadosMáster en Logístic

SUBFOVEAL NODULE IN COATS' DISEASE: Toward an Updated Classification Predicting Visual Prognosis.

To determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics and nature of subfoveal nodules in Coats' disease and the associated impact on the long-term visual outcome. Consecutive cases of Coats' disease with foveal exudation were retrospectively reviewed. The presence of a subfoveal nodule or macular fibrosis was recorded. Clinical characteristics, retinal imaging, and outcome were analyzed by comparative analysis. The histopathological description of an enucleated eye with subfoveal nodule was performed. Among 40 patients presenting unilateral Stage 2B or 3A1 Coats' disease, a subfoveal nodule was detected in 21 patients (52.5%). The median follow-up was 4.7 years. Nineteen patients (47.5%) did not present a subfoveal nodule. Three patients (15.8%) without subfoveal nodule and 21 patients (100%) with subfoveal nodule progressed to a macular fibrotic scar (P < 0.0001), and the mean time of macular fibrosis onset was 11.0 ± 2.6 months. Final visual acuity was significantly worse in patients who presented a subfoveal nodule at diagnosis (P = 0.01). Of 18 cases with subfoveal nodule who underwent fluorescein angiography, retinal-retinal anastomosis and neovascularization were detected in 13 (72.2%) and 2 eyes (11.1%), respectively. Histopathological analysis of a subfoveal nodule revealed an aggregate of proteinaceous material including fibrin, spindle cells, macrophages, and pigmented cells. The presence of a subfoveal nodule at presentation is a predictive factor for macular fibrosis development and worse visual outcome in patients with Coats' disease. These observations suggest an updated classification introducing two subcategories within Stage 2B: without subfoveal nodule (Stage 2B1) and with subfoveal nodule (Stage 2B2)

Ethnocentrism and gingival whitening: an assay

A preocupacao com o clareamento gengival se inscreve, para efeito do presente trabalho, no contexto da desigualdade e da exclusao social presentes em nossa sociedade, que atravessariam o cotidiano do exercicio das praticas profissionais na Odontologia. O estudo objetivou identificar os padroes de estetica bucal/gengival subjacentes a formacao e pratica profissional do cirurgiao dentista, referidos ao exercicio do clareamento gengival na perspectiva do etnocentrismo. Em carater exploratorio, recorremos a uma abordagem qualitativa, ancorada na analise tematica, buscando elementos etnocentricos no padrao estetico vigente na formacao e na pratica do cirurgiao dentista. Procedemos em primeira instancia a analise documental, privilegiando as ementas de duas escolas de Odontologia do Estado de São Paulo e livros textos da area de Periodontia; em segunda instancia realizamos entrevistas (semi-estruturadas) com quinze cirurgioes dentistas, formados ha dez ou mais anos, atuantes no bairro do Tatuape, que praticavam o clareamento gengiva. No ambito do ensino, e estudo evidenciou que a presenca da melanose racial e desconsiderada ou tratada como uma alteracao de normalidade e antiestetica. Todos entrevistados aprenderam a realizar o clareamento gengival em nivel de Pós-graduação, assim como todos eles afirmaram terem sido estimulados por seus professores a ofertar tal procedimento. Ainda que reconhecendo o carater nao patologico da melanose racial, os dentistas entrevistados associaram a ausencia de tal pigmentacao com a possibilidade de se obter um sorriso saudavel e bonito, reafirmando a crenca na supremacia estetica da populacao branca. Os pacientes, compartilhando a valorizacao do mesmo padrao estetico, manifestaram satisfacao, de acordo com os entrevistados, com os resultados alcancados. O estudo permitiu constatar que a oferta do clareamento gengival se faz norteada pelo padrao branco de beleza, evidenciando o carater etnocentrico do procedimentoThe concern with gingival whitening in the present study is inserted in the area of diversity and social exclusion, nowadays very present in our society, taking part of daily professional activities in Dentistry School. The aim of this study was to identify buccal/gingival cosmetic dentistry patterns subjacent to formation and professional practice of the dental surgeon regarding gingival whitening from the ethnocentrism point of view. This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach based on the thematic analysis and searching for ethnocentric elements in relation to the current cosmetic dentistry patterns in the formation and practice of the dental surgeon. Initially a documental analysis was carried out favoring the observations of two Dentistry Schools in the state of São Paulo and using book-texts of Periodontics. Thereafter 15 dental surgeons, graduated with over 10 years, were interviewed and semi-structured questions were applied. They all were from the Tatuapé neighborhood and practiced gingival whitening. In the teaching field, this study showed that the presence of racial melanosis is not treated as an alteration in the normality patterns and it is considered antiaesthetic. All the interviewers learnt how to practice gingival whitening in the post-graduation courses and they were all encouraged by their professors to offer this cosmetic dentistry procedure. Recognizing the nonpathological character traits of the racial melanosis, the interviewed surgeons associated the absence of this pigmentation with the opportunity of obtaining a beautiful and healthy smile, thus assuring the belief of the Caucasian racial aesthetic superiority. Patients also shared this value, showing satisfaction, according the interviewed, with the obtained results. This study allowed confirming that the offer of gingival whitening is oriented by the Caucasian pattern of beauty evidencing the ethnocentric character of this procedure.BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertaçõe

Systemic adalimumab induces peripheral corneal infiltrates: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors are widely used agents in the treatment of immune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Despite their anti-inflammatory action, paradoxical drug-induced inflammatory events have been occasionally associated with the use of infliximab, etanercept, and in a lesser extent adalimumab. However, eye involvement is uncommon and anterior uveitis is the only reported ocular adverse manifestation. It can be induced by etanercept, but has also been described during adalimumab therapy. We present here the first report of recurrent peripheral corneal infiltrates following subcutaneous injections of adalimumab. CASE PRESENTATION: A 34 year-old Caucasian woman with Crohn's disease presented to the emergency department with bilateral red eyes and discomfort 36 hours after she received her bimonthly dose of subcutaneous adalimumab. Examination revealed bilateral peripheral corneal infiltrates with characteristic features of immune infiltrates. Symptoms and infiltrates regressed after topical corticosteroid therapy, but recurred after each adalimumab injection over the following weeks. CONCLUSION: Paradoxical immune reactions associated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors may result either from hypersensitivity mechanisms, or from immune-complex deposition via anti-adalimumab antibodies. Both mechanisms could explain this newly described manifestation. Care should be taken to search for corneal infiltrates in the event of red eye symptoms during adalimumab therapy since they respond to topical corticosteroids and do not necessarily prompt the discontinuation of the immunosuppressive therapy

O impacto do marketing ambiental na decisão de compra de consumidores de um supermercado do Distrito Federal

O presente estudo tem por objetivo investigar a influência do marketing ambiental na decisão de compra de consumidores de um grande supermercado de Brasília. Para tanto, são apresentadas as principais teorias sobre o processo de decisão de compra do consumidor, consciência ecológica e a responsabilidade social corporativa e do consumidor. A pesquisa se deu por meio de aplicação de questionário estruturado junto a consumidores de um grande supermercado a fim de entender a realidade do marketing ambiental no processo de decisão de compra do consumidor, tomando caráter exploratório. Ao final do estudo, verificaram-se quais eram os fatores que mais influenciavam a decisão de compra do consumidor do supermercado estudado e em que grau as ações de marketing ambiental impactavam os pesquisados, propiciando a hipótese de que o marketing ambiental não tem impacto significativo nas decisões de consumidores porque esses não possuem conhecimento das consequências ambientais e sociais de suas ações de compra