10 research outputs found
Study of cosmogenic activation above ground for the DarkSide-20k experiment
The activation of materials due to exposure to cosmic rays may become an
important background source for experiments investigating rare event phenomena.
DarkSide-20k, currently under construction at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran
Sasso, is a direct detection experiment for galactic dark matter particles,
using a two-phase liquid-argon Time Projection Chamber (TPC) filled with 49.7
tonnes (active mass) of Underground Argon (UAr) depleted in 39Ar. Despite the
outstanding capability of discriminating gamma/beta background in argon TPCs,
this background must be considered because of induced dead time or accidental
coincidences mimicking dark-matter signals and it is relevant for low-threshold
electron-counting measurements. Here, the cosmogenic activity of relevant
long-lived radioisotopes induced in the experiment has been estimated to set
requirements and procedures during preparation of the experiment and to check
that it is not dominant over primordial radioactivity; particular attention has
been paid to the activation of the 120 t of UAr used in DarkSide-20k. Expected
exposures above ground and production rates, either measured or calculated,
have been considered in detail. From the simulated counting rates in the
detector due to cosmogenic isotopes, it is concluded that activation in copper
and stainless steel is not problematic. The activity of 39Ar induced during
extraction, purification and transport on surface is evaluated to be 2.8% of
the activity measured in UAr by DarkSide-50 experiment, which used the same
underground source, and thus considered acceptable. Other isotopes in the UAr
such as 37Ar and 3H are shown not to be relevant due to short half-life and
assumed purification methods.Comment: As accepted for publication at Astroparticle Physic
Measurement of isotopic separation of argon with the prototype of the cryogenic distillation plant Aria for dark matter searches
The Aria cryogenic distillation plant, located in Sardinia, Italy, is a key
component of the DarkSide-20k experimental program for WIMP dark matter
searches at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. Aria is
designed to purify the argon, extracted from underground wells in Colorado,
USA, and used as the DarkSide-20k target material, to detector-grade quality.
In this paper, we report the first measurement of argon isotopic separation by
distillation with the 26 m tall Aria prototype. We discuss the measurement of
the operating parameters of the column and the observation of the simultaneous
separation of the three stable argon isotopes: Ar, Ar, and
Ar. We also provide a detailed comparison of the experimental results
with commercial process simulation software. This measurement of isotopic
separation of argon is a significant achievement for the project, building on
the success of the initial demonstration of isotopic separation of nitrogen
using the same equipment in 2019
Measurement of isotopic separation of argon with the prototype of the cryogenic distillation plant Aria for dark matter searches
The Aria cryogenic distillation plant, located in Sardinia, Italy, is a key component of the DarkSide-20k experimental program for WIMP dark matter searches at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. Aria is designed to purify the argon, extracted from underground wells in Colorado, USA, and used as the DarkSide-20k target material, to detector-grade quality. In this paper, we report the first measurement of argon isotopic separation by distillation with the 26 m tall Aria prototype. We discuss the measurement of the operating parameters of the column and the observation of the simultaneous separation of the three stable argon isotopes: Ar, Ar, and Ar. We also provide a detailed comparison of the experimental results with commercial process simulation software. This measurement of isotopic separation of argon is a significant achievement for the project, building on the success of the initial demonstration of isotopic separation of nitrogen using the same equipment in 2019
Directionality of nuclear recoils in a liquid argon time projection chamber
The direct search for dark matter in the form of weakly interacting massive
particles (WIMP) is performed by detecting nuclear recoils (NR) produced in a
target material from the WIMP elastic scattering. A promising experimental
strategy for direct dark matter search employs argon dual-phase time projection
chambers (TPC). One of the advantages of the TPC is the capability to detect
both the scintillation and charge signals produced by NRs. Furthermore, the
existence of a drift electric field in the TPC breaks the rotational symmetry:
the angle between the drift field and the momentum of the recoiling nucleus can
potentially affect the charge recombination probability in liquid argon and
then the relative balance between the two signal channels. This fact could make
the detector sensitive to the directionality of the WIMP-induced signal,
enabling unmistakable annual and daily modulation signatures for future
searches aiming for discovery. The Recoil Directionality (ReD) experiment was
designed to probe for such directional sensitivity. The TPC of ReD was
irradiated with neutrons at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, and data
were taken with 72 keV NRs of known recoil directions. The direction-dependent
liquid argon charge recombination model by Cataudella et al. was adopted and a
likelihood statistical analysis was performed, which gave no indications of
significant dependence of the detector response to the recoil direction. The
aspect ratio R of the initial ionization cloud is estimated to be 1.037 +/-
0.027 and the upper limit is R < 1.072 with 90% confidence levelComment: 20 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Eur. Phys. J.
Measurement of isotopic separation of argon with the prototype of the cryogenic distillation plant Aria for dark matter searches
The Aria cryogenic distillation plant, located in Sardinia, Italy, is a key component of the DarkSide-20k experimental program for WIMP dark matter searches at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. Aria is designed to purify the argon, extracted from underground wells in Colorado, USA, and used as the DarkSide-20k target material, to detector-grade quality. In this paper, we report the first measurement of argon isotopic separation by distillation with the 26Â m tall Aria prototype. We discuss the measurement of the operating parameters of the column and the observation of the simultaneous separation of the three stable argon isotopes: 36Ar , 38Ar , and 40Ar . We also provide a detailed comparison of the experimental results with commercial process simulation software. This measurement of isotopic separation of argon is a significant achievement for the project, building on the success of the initial demonstration of isotopic separation of nitrogen using the same equipment in 2019.ISSN:1434-6044ISSN:1434-605
Separating 39Ar from 40Ar by cryogenic distillation with Aria for dark-matter searches
Aria is a plant hosting a 350m cryogenic isotopic distillation column, the tallest ever built, which is being installed in a mine shaft at Carbosulcis S.p.A., Nuraxi-Figus (SU), Italy. Aria is one of the pillars of the argon dark-matter search experimental program, lead by the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration. It was designed to reduce the isotopic abundance of 39Ar in argon extracted from underground sources, called Underground Argon (UAr), which is used for dark-matter searches. Indeed, 39Ar is a ïżœïżœ-emitter of cosmogenic origin, whose activity poses background and pile-up concerns in the detectors. In this paper, we discuss the requirements, design, construction, tests, and projected performance of the plant for the isotopic cryogenic distillation of argon. We also present the successful results of the isotopic cryogenic distillation of nitrogen with a prototype plant.ISSN:1434-6044ISSN:1434-605
Constraints on directionality effect of nuclear recoils in a liquid argon time projection chamber
The direct search for dark matter in the form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMP) is performed by detecting nuclear recoils produced in a target material from the WIMP elastic scattering. The experimental identification of the direction of the WIMP-induced nuclear recoils is a crucial asset in this field, as it enables unmistakable modulation signatures for dark matter. The Recoil Directionality (ReD) experiment was designed to probe for such directional sensitivity in argon dual-phase time projection chambers (TPC), that are widely considered for current and future direct dark matter searches. The TPC of ReD was irradiated with neutrons at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud. Data were taken with nuclear recoils of known directions and kinetic energy of 72Â keV, which is within the range of interest for WIMP-induced signals in argon. The direction-dependent liquid argon charge recombination model by Cataudella et al. was adopted and a likelihood statistical analysis was performed, which gave no indications of significant dependence of the detector response to the recoil direction. The aspect ratio R of the initial ionization cloud is R< 1.072 with 90Â % confidence level.ISSN:1434-6044ISSN:1434-605
SiPM-matrix readout of two-phase argon detectors using electroluminescence in the visible and near infrared range
Proportional electroluminescence (EL) in noble gases is used in two-phase detectors for dark matter searches to record (in the gas phase) the ionization signal induced by particle scattering in the liquid phase. The âstandardâ EL mechanism is considered to be due to noble gas excimer emission in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV). In addition, there are two alternative mechanisms, producing light in the visible and near infrared (NIR) ranges. The first is due to bremsstrahlung of electrons scattered on neutral atoms (âneutral bremsstrahlungâ, NBrS). The second, responsible for electron avalanche scintillation in the NIR at higher electric fields, is due to transitions between excited atomic states. In this work, we have for the first time demonstrated two alternative techniques of the optical readout of two-phase argon detectors, in the visible and NIR range, using a silicon photomultiplier matrix and electroluminescence due to either neutral bremsstrahlung or avalanche scintillation. The amplitude yield and position resolution were measured for these readout techniques, which allowed to assess the detection threshold for electron and nuclear recoils in two-phase argon detectors for dark matter searches. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first practical application of the NBrS effect in detection science.ISSN:1434-6044ISSN:1434-605
Measurement of isotopic separation of argon with the prototype of the cryogenic distillation plant Aria for dark matter searches
International audienceThe Aria cryogenic distillation plant, located in Sardinia, Italy, is a key component of the DarkSide-20k experimental program for WIMP dark matter searches at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. Aria is designed to purify the argon, extracted from underground wells in Colorado, USA, and used as the DarkSide-20k target material, to detector-grade quality. In this paper, we report the first measurement of argon isotopic separation by distillation with the 26 m tall Aria prototype. We discuss the measurement of the operating parameters of the column and the observation of the simultaneous separation of the three stable argon isotopes: Ar, Ar, and Ar. We also provide a detailed comparison of the experimental results with commercial process simulation software. This measurement of isotopic separation of argon is a significant achievement for the project, building on the success of the initial demonstration of isotopic separation of nitrogen using the same equipment in 2019
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Sensitivity of future liquid argon dark matter search experiments to core-collapse supernova neutrinos
none276Future liquid-argon DarkSide-20k and Argo detectors, designed for direct dark matter search, will be sensitive also to core-collapse supernova neutrinos, via coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. This interaction channel is flavor-insensitive with a high-cross section, enabling for a high-statistics neutrino detection with target masses of âŒ50 t and âŒ360 t for DarkSide-20k and Argo respectively. Thanks to the low-energy threshold of âŒ0.5 keVnr achievable by exploiting the ionization channel, DarkSide-20k and Argo have the potential to discover supernova bursts throughout our galaxy and up to the Small Magellanic Cloud, respectively, assuming a 11-Mâ progenitor star. We report also on the sensitivity to the neutronization burst, whose electron neutrino flux is suppressed by oscillations when detected via charged current and elastic scattering. Finally, the accuracies in the reconstruction of the average and total neutrino energy in the different phases of the supernova burst, as well as its time profile, are also discussed, taking into account the expected background and the detector response.noneAgnes P.; Albergo S.; Albuquerque I.F.M.; Alexander T.; Alici A.; Alton A.K.; Amaudruz P.; Arcelli S.; Ave M.; Avetissov I.C.; Avetisov R.I.; Azzolini O.; Back H.O.; Balmforth Z.; Barbarian V.; Barrado Olmedo A.; Barrillon P.; Basco A.; Batignani G.; Bondar A.; Bonivento W.M.; Borisova E.; Bottino B.; Boulay M.G.; Buccino G.; Bussino S.; Busto J.; Buzulutskov A.; Cadeddu M.; Cadoni M.; Caminata A.; Canci N.; Cappello G.; Caravati M.; Cardenas-Montes M.; Carlini M.; Carnesecchi F.; Castello P.; Catalanotti S.; Cataudella V.; Cavalcante P.; Cavuoti S.; Cebrian S.; Cela Ruiz J.M.; Celano B.; Chashin S.; Chepurnov A.; Chyhyrynets E.; Cicalo C.; Cifarelli L.; Cintas D.; Coccetti F.; Cocco V.; Colocci M.; E. Conde Vilda; Consiglio L.; Copello S.; Corning J.; Covone G.; Czudak P.; D'Auria S.; Da Rocha Rolo M.D.; Dadoun O.; Daniel M.; Davini S.; De Candia A.; De Cecco S.; De Falco A.; De Filippis G.; De Gruttola D.; De Guido G.; De Rosa G.; Della Valle M.; Dellacasa G.; De Pasquale S.; Derbin A.V.; Devoto A.; Di Noto L.; Dionisi C.; Di Stefano P.; Dolganov G.; Dordei F.; Doria L.; Downing M.; Erjavec T.; Fernandez Diaz M.; Fiorillo G.; Franceschi A.; Franco D.; Frolov E.; Funicello N.; Gabriele F.; Galbiati C.; Garbini M.; Garcia Abia P.; Gendotti A.; Ghiano C.; Giampaolo R.A.; Giganti C.; Giorgi M.A.; Giovanetti G.K.; Goicoechea Casanueva V.; Gola A.; Graciani Diaz R.; Grigoriev G.Y.; Grobov A.; Gromov M.; Guan M.; Guerzoni M.; Gulino M.; Guo C.; Hackett B.R.; Hallin A.; Haranczyk M.; Hill S.; Horikawa S.; Hubaut F.; Hugues T.; Hungerford E.V.; Ianni A.; Ippolito V.; James C.C.; Jillings C.; Kachru P.; Kemp A.A.; Kendziora C.L.; Keppel G.; Khomyakov A.V.; Kim S.; Kish A.; Kochanek I.; Kondo K.; Korga G.; Kubankin A.; Kugathasan R.; Kuss M.; Kuzniak M.; La Commara M.; Lai M.; Langrock S.; Leyton M.; Li X.; Lidey L.; Lissia M.; Longo G.; Machulin I.N.; Mapelli L.; Marasciulli A.; Margotti A.; Mari S.M.; Maricic J.; Martinez M.; Martinez Rojas A.D.; Martoff C.J.; Masoni A.; Mazzi A.; McDonald A.B.; Mclaughlin J.; Messina A.; Meyers P.D.; Miletic T.; Milincic R.; Moggi A.; Moharana A.; Moioli S.; Monroe J.; Morisi S.; Morrocchi M.; Mozhevitina E.N.; Mroz T.; Muratova V.N.; Muscas C.; Musenich L.; Musico P.; Nania R.; Napolitano T.; Navrer Agasson A.; Nessi M.; Nikulin I.; Nowak J.; Oleinik A.; Oleynikov V.; Pagani L.; Pallavicini M.; Pandola L.; Pantic E.; Paoloni E.; Paternoster G.; Pegoraro P.A.; Pelczar K.; Pellegrini L.A.; Pellegrino C.; Perotti F.; Pesudo V.; Picciau E.; Pietropaolo F.; Pira C.; Pocar A.; Poehlmann D.M.; Pordes S.; Poudel S.S.; Pralavorio P.; Price D.; Raffaelli F.; Ragusa F.; Ramirez A.; Razeti M.; Razeto A.; Renshaw A.L.; Rescia S.; Rescigno M.; Resnati F.; Retiere F.; Rignanese L.P.; Ripoli C.; Rivetti A.; Rode J.; Romero L.; Rossi M.; Rubbia A.; Salatino P.; Samoylov O.; Sanchez Garcia E.; Sandford E.; Sanfilippo S.; Santone D.; Santorelli R.; Savarese C.; Scapparone E.; Schlitzer B.; Scioli G.; Semenov D.A.; Shaw B.; Shchagin A.; Sheshukov A.; Simeone M.; Skensved P.; Skorokhvatov M.D.; Smirnov O.; Smith B.; Sokolov A.; Steri A.; Stracka S.; Strickland V.; Stringer M.; Sulis S.; Suvorov Y.; Szelc A.M.; Tartaglia R.; Testera G.; Thorpe T.N.; Tonazzo A.; Torres-Lara S.; Tricomi A.; Unzhakov E.V.; Usai G.; Vallivilayil John T.; Viant T.; Viel S.; Vishneva A.; Vogelaar R.B.; Wada M.; Wang H.; Wang Y.; Westerdale S.; Wheadon R.J.; Williams L.; Wojcik M.M.; Wojcik M.; Xiao X.; Yang C.; Ye Z.; Zani A.; Zichichi A.; Zuzel G.; Zykova M.P.Agnes, P.; Albergo, S.; Albuquerque, I. F. M.; Alexander, T.; Alici, A.; Alton, A. K.; Amaudruz, P.; Arcelli, S.; Ave, M.; Avetissov, I. C.; Avetisov, R. I.; Azzolini, O.; Back, H. O.; Balmforth, Z.; Barbarian, V.; Barrado Olmedo, A.; Barrillon, P.; Basco, A.; Batignani, G.; Bondar, A.; Bonivento, W. M.; Borisova, E.; Bottino, B.; Boulay, M. G.; Buccino, G.; Bussino, S.; Busto, J.; Buzulutskov, A.; Cadeddu, M.; Cadoni, M.; Caminata, A.; Canci, N.; Cappello, G.; Caravati, M.; Cardenas-Montes, M.; Carlini, M.; Carnesecchi, F.; Castello, P.; Catalanotti, S.; Cataudella, V.; Cavalcante, P.; Cavuoti, S.; Cebrian, S.; Cela Ruiz, J. M.; Celano, B.; Chashin, S.; Chepurnov, A.; Chyhyrynets, E.; Cicalo, C.; Cifarelli, L.; Cintas, D.; Coccetti, F.; Cocco, V.; Colocci, M.; E., Conde Vilda; Consiglio, L.; Copello, S.; Corning, J.; Covone, G.; Czudak, P.; D'Auria, S.; Da Rocha Rolo, M. D.; Dadoun, O.; Daniel, M.; Davini, S.; De Candia, A.; De Cecco, S.; De Falco, A.; De Filippis, G.; De Gruttola, D.; De Guido, G.; De Rosa, G.; Della Valle, M.; Dellacasa, G.; De Pasquale, S.; Derbin, A. V.; Devoto, A.; Di Noto, L.; Dionisi, C.; Di Stefano, P.; Dolganov, G.; Dordei, F.; Doria, L.; Downing, M.; Erjavec, T.; Fernandez Diaz, M.; Fiorillo, G.; Franceschi, A.; Franco, D.; Frolov, E.; Funicello, N.; Gabriele, F.; Galbiati, C.; Garbini, M.; Garcia Abia, P.; Gendotti, A.; Ghiano, C.; Giampaolo, R. A.; Giganti, C.; Giorgi, M. A.; Giovanetti, G. K.; Goicoechea Casanueva, V.; Gola, A.; Graciani Diaz, R.; Grigoriev, G. Y.; Grobov, A.; Gromov, M.; Guan, M.; Guerzoni, M.; Gulino, M.; Guo, C.; Hackett, B. R.; Hallin, A.; Haranczyk, M.; Hill, S.; Horikawa, S.; Hubaut, F.; Hugues, T.; Hungerford, E. V.; Ianni, A.; Ippolito, V.; James, C. C.; Jillings, C.; Kachru, P.; Kemp, A. A.; Kendziora, C. L.; Keppel, G.; Khomyakov, A. V.; Kim, S.; Kish, A.; Kochanek, I.; Kondo, K.; Korga, G.; Kubankin, A.; Kugathasan, R.; Kuss, M.; Kuzniak, M.; La Commara, M.; Lai, M.; Langrock, S.; Leyton, M.; Li, X.; Lidey, L.; Lissia, M.; Longo, G.; Machulin, I. N.; Mapelli, L.; Marasciulli, A.; Margotti, A.; Mari, S. M.; Maricic, J.; Martinez, M.; Martinez Rojas, A. D.; Martoff, C. J.; Masoni, A.; Mazzi, A.; Mcdonald, A. B.; Mclaughlin, J.; Messina, A.; Meyers, P. D.; Miletic, T.; Milincic, R.; Moggi, A.; Moharana, A.; Moioli, S.; Monroe, J.; Morisi, S.; Morrocchi, M.; Mozhevitina, E. N.; Mroz, T.; Muratova, V. N.; Muscas, C.; Musenich, L.; Musico, P.; Nania, R.; Napolitano, T.; Navrer Agasson, A.; Nessi, M.; Nikulin, I.; Nowak, J.; Oleinik, A.; Oleynikov, V.; Pagani, L.; Pallavicini, M.; Pandola, L.; Pantic, E.; Paoloni, E.; Paternoster, G.; Pegoraro, P. A.; Pelczar, K.; Pellegrini, L. A.; Pellegrino, C.; Perotti, F.; Pesudo, V.; Picciau, E.; Pietropaolo, F.; Pira, C.; Pocar, A.; Poehlmann, D. M.; Pordes, S.; Poudel, S. S.; Pralavorio, P.; Price, D.; Raffaelli, F.; Ragusa, F.; Ramirez, A.; Razeti, M.; Razeto, A.; Renshaw, A. L.; Rescia, S.; Rescigno, M.; Resnati, F.; Retiere, F.; Rignanese, L. P.; Ripoli, C.; Rivetti, A.; Rode, J.; Romero, L.; Rossi, M.; Rubbia, A.; Salatino, P.; Samoylov, O.; Sanchez Garcia, E.; Sandford, E.; Sanfilippo, S.; Santone, D.; Santorelli, R.; Savarese, C.; Scapparone, E.; Schlitzer, B.; Scioli, G.; Semenov, D. A.; Shaw, B.; Shchagin, A.; Sheshukov, A.; Simeone, M.; Skensved, P.; Skorokhvatov, M. D.; Smirnov, O.; Smith, B.; Sokolov, A.; Steri, A.; Stracka, S.; Strickland, V.; Stringer, M.; Sulis, S.; Suvorov, Y.; Szelc, A. M.; Tartaglia, R.; Testera, G.; Thorpe, T. N.; Tonazzo, A.; Torres-Lara, S.; Tricomi, A.; Unzhakov, E. V.; Usai, G.; Vallivilayil John, T.; Viant, T.; Viel, S.; Vishneva, A.; Vogelaar, R. B.; Wada, M.; Wang, H.; Wang, Y.; Westerdale, S.; Wheadon, R. J.; Williams, L.; Wojcik, M. M.; Wojcik, M.; Xiao, X.; Yang, C.; Ye, Z.; Zani, A.; Zichichi, A.; Zuzel, G.; Zykova, M. P